CMC在航天领域的应用

论述了陶瓷基复合材料在航天领域的研究与应用,主要从陶瓷基复合材料的优势特点、制备方法、国内外研究进展以及CMC在航天型号产品上应用需要突破的难点和技术关键等五个方面进行了详细论述和介绍,提出了发展趋势和研究方向.     

T800/5228E复合材料层合板动态冲击力学响应

研究了宽冲击能量范围(12.8、25.5、34.2、42.3与51 J)内T800/5228E复合材料层合板动态冲击力学响应历程.结果表明,复合材料层合板损伤历程依次为裂纹引发→分层扩展→最大损伤→二次损伤等,冲击能量基本不会对其发展演化历程产生影响;力学损伤参数研究发现,赫兹失效载荷Fh与冲击能量成线性关系,而最大作用载荷Fmax与冲击能量为特定指数函数关系.不可逆能量Lw与能量吸收率η研究表明,两者均与冲击能量保持单调递增关系,反映复合材料板的损伤程度在加重,但损伤面积基本趋于稳定,纤维断裂等二次损伤可能成为新型能量吸收方式.     

Analytical Solution for Predicting In-plane Elastic Shear Properties of 2D Orthogonal PWF Composites

This paper proposes a new analytical solution to predict the shear modulus of a two-dimensional(2D) plain weave fabric(PWF) composite accounting for the interaction of orthogonal interlacing strands with coupled shear deformation modes including not only relative bending but also torsion,etc.The two orthogonal yarns in a micromechanical unit cell are idealized as curved beams with a path depicted by using sinusoidal shape functions.The internal forces and macroscopic deformations carried by the yarn families,together with macroscopic shear modulus of PWFs are derived by means of a strain energy approach founded on micromechanics.Three sets of experimental data pertinent to three kinds of 2D orthogonal PWF composites have been implemented to validate the new model.The calculations from the new model are also compared with those by using two models in the earlier literature.It is shown that the experimental results correlate well with predictions from the new model.     

Preparation and Characterization of Fe3O4/T-ZnOw Composites

Fe3O4/T-ZnOw composites are fabricated by depositing a layer of Fe3O4 film on the surface of tetrapod-shaped ZnO whisker (T-ZnOw) by ferrite plating method. The morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the composites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The effects of temperature and pH value of ferrite plating on the Fe3O4/T-ZnOw composites and the magnetic properties of composites are studied. It is shown that the chemical environment with pH value at 7.5 is most favorable for the ferrite plating processes by analyzing the main peaks intensity of Fe3O4 in the XRD patterns and the average diameters of the Fe3O4 crystalline. The increase of the ferrite plating temperature with pH value around 7.5 benefits the whole encapsulation of T-ZnOw by the Fe3O4 magnetic films. The composites exhibit ferromagnetic properties and show much lower magnetization intensity than bulk samples at the same magnetic field intensity.     

新型改性氰酸酯及其复合材料性能

采用新型催化剂、增韧剂制得了一种改性氰酸酯树脂,对新型改性氰酸酯树脂的工艺性、耐热性、力学性能进行了评价,并对其复合材料的介电、力学性能进行了研究。结果表明新型改性氰酸酯树脂具有良好的工艺性,适合热熔法制备预浸料;树脂及其复合材料的力学及介电性能优良,可在180℃下使用,适合高性能透波材料和高频电路板使用。     

CVD-SiC 涂层的C/ C-SiC 复合材料的抗烧蚀性能

采用CVD法,1 050℃在三维针刺C/C-SiC复合材料表面制备SiC涂层,研究稀释气体与载气流量比分别为4∶1和2∶1制备条件下涂层的晶体结构、表面和断面的微观形貌,对比了涂层前后C/C-SiC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能.结果表明:稀释气体流量降低其制备的SiC涂层更加平整致密,与基体结合程度更好,沉积产物均为单一的β-SiC结晶相.在600 s的氧化烧蚀下,两种流量比条件下制备CVD-SiC涂层的C/C-SiC复合材料的线烧蚀率比未涂层的分别降低34％和50％,质量烧蚀率分别降低70％和75％,抗氧化烧蚀性能明显提高.     

考虑孔隙的针刺C/SiC复合材料弹性参数计算

基于针刺陶瓷基复合材料试件(CMCs)光学显微照片的微观型貌,并选择恰当的代表体积单元(RVE),建立了针刺陶瓷基复合材料弹性性能预测的单胞模型.考虑了孔隙率对基体和纤维束弹性性能的影响,采用混合率计算出纤维束的弹性常数,然后将纤维束和基体的弹性参数代入到单胞模型中,通过有限元法计算得到复合材料的整体弹性常数.开展了材料拉伸试验和孔隙率测定试验,测得材料的开孔孔隙率为7.33%,闭孔孔隙率为10.67%,弹性性能的计算结果与试验吻合较好,误差为3.1%.      

三维角联锁结构复合材料的力学模型

基于等应力、等应变和文中提出的其它3个不同的组合力学模型,采用取向平均法,对4种不同结构的三维角联锁结构复合材料的工程弹性模量进行了预测。理论预测与实测结果的对比表明,组合力学模型更适用于预测三维角联锁结构复合材料的工程弹性模量;一种组合力学模型适用于预测一种三维角联锁结构复合材料的工程弹性模量,而且即使对同一种角联锁结构材料而言,沿不同方向的工程弹性模量也应选用不同的组合力学模型来预测。     

An efficient analytical homogenization technique for mechanical-hygrothermal responses of unidirectional composites with applications to optimization and multiscale analyses

The elasticity-based Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT) is extended to study the mechanical-hygrothermal behaviors of unidirectionally-reinforced composites. Based on the framework developed previously, thermal and moisture effects are incorporated into the LEHT to study the homogenized and localized responses of heterogeneous materials, which are validated using available analytical and numerical techniques. The LEHT programs are then encapsulated as subroutines with Input/Output (I/O) interfaces, to be readily applied in different computational scenarios. In order to illustrate the efficiency of the LEHT, the theory is firstly coupled to the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm in order to minimize the axial thermal expansion mismatch in hexagonal and square fiber arrays by tailoring the fiber volume fraction. The LEHT is then implemented into the lamination theory to study fabrication-induced residual stresses arising during the cool-down process which introduces local laminate stresses owing to thermo-mechanical property mismatch between plies. Both of these applications illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the LEHT in generating effective properties and local stress distributions, making the theory a golden standard in validating other analytical or numerical techniques as well as a reliable tool in composite design and practice for professionals and non-professionals alike.     

Kevlar层合板超高速撞击数值建模及参数识别

针对Kevlar层合板在超高速撞击条件下的力学特性的复杂性及参数不准确对数值仿真的不利影响,提出一种使用正交各向异性本构模型,Chang-Chang复合材料失效模型和有限元方法对Kevlar层合板的超高速撞击力学特性进行建模并运用连续响应面技术对材料失效模型参数进行识别的方法.然后使用该方法建立了与现有文献中的试验工况相对应的数值模型,并把Kevlar层合板材料失效模型的4个参数作为优化变量,以仿真结果与试验结果的二乘残差最小作为优化目标,使用连续响应面技术建立参数优化模型,由此识别这些参数.结果表明,该建模方法能正确描述Kevlar层合板的超高速撞击力学特性,采用识别后的参数进行仿真计算可以显著提高数值模型的仿真精度.