高空、长航时无人机风洞试验研究综述

高空、长航时无人机属飞机家族中的新成员,在近年来的世界局部战争中,它发挥了侦察、监控、通讯中继的重要作用。在广泛搜集国外风洞试验研究资料的基础上,介绍了高空、长航时无人机在翼型设计、气动力测量、边界层测量方面的风洞试验研究方法。     

NLF－1自然层流机翼低速转捩位置测定

自然层流机翼是我国下一代民用客机采用的机翼之一。本文对自然层流机翼ＮＬＦ－１用热膜法和升华法在南京航空学院ＮＨ－２低速风洞中进行了机翼边界层转捩位置的测定。结果表明，该机翼的转捩位置在离开机翼前缘的７０％左右的当地弦长处。因此ＮＬＦ－１机翼确为较好的层流机翼。     

对数据后处理雷达的幅度控制干扰技术研究

数据后处理雷达通过对接收到的回波信号进行数据分析处理,提取真实目标和欺骗干扰信号的幅度起伏差异,实现对欺骗干扰信号的检测和抑制。为了破坏数据后处理雷达在幅度域的抗干扰能力,对雷达回波信号进行分析处理,在产生欺骗干扰的基础上,进一步对其进行幅度控制,产生幅度上与目标回波也相关的欺骗干扰。仿真结果表明该方法对数据后处理雷达有很好的干扰效果。     

基于双eN方法的短舱层流转捩影响因素

发展自然层流短舱对提升现代民机的经济性和环保性具有重要意义，而对影响短舱层流转捩的因素进行研究有助于更好地开展短舱的层流设计。本文基于线性稳定性分析方法，将双e^N方法同RANS方程求解器耦合，建立了一套可同时计算T-S（Tollmien-Schlichting）波和横流（CF）驻波诱导转捩的流动转捩预测方法，通过标准椭球算例验证了该方法的正确性，进而研究了来流马赫数、雷诺数、湍流度以及迎角对短舱转捩的影响。结果表明：马赫数和迎角会带来压力梯度的明显改变从而引起转捩位置发生变化；而在此构型的高雷诺数工况下，雷诺数和湍流度对转捩位置影响相对较小，转捩位置移动的区域不超过短舱长度的5%。因此在设计阶段，在高雷诺数条件下保持层流设计要尽量避免较大的逆压梯度，保持顺压梯度。     

飞机燃油系统地面模拟试验干扰的产生和处理

分析燃油地面模拟试验台测控系统在调试过程中模拟量输出信号出现大幅度波动的原因,介绍其处理过程及实际效果,指出在试验中应采取的措施。     

航空柱塞泵配流盘结构动态优化方法

通过详细分析航空柱塞泵排油过程中的过流面积变化,同时考虑油液的压缩性和柱塞泵的泄漏,建立了航空柱塞泵瞬时流量的非线性数学模型.提出了一种航空柱塞泵配流盘结构的动态优化方法,该优化方法以航空柱塞泵瞬时流量脉动幅值最小为优化目标,采用旋转矢量法对配流盘结构参数进行实时在线寻优.仿真结果表明:该动态优化方法具有很高的效率和实用性,为航空柱塞泵的结构优化设计和消震、降噪研究提供了有力的理论依据.      

基于分布估计算法的翼型稳健设计(英文)

A transonic airfoil designed by means of classical point-optimization may result in its dramatically inferior performance under off-design conditions. To overcome this shortcoming, robust design is proposed to find out the optimal profile of an airfoil to maintain its performance in an uncertain environment. The robust airfoil optimization is aimed to minimize mean values and variances of drag coefficients while satisfying the lift and thickness constraints over a range of Mach numbers. A multi-objective estimation of distribution algorithm is applied to the robust airfoil optimization on the base of the RAE2822 benchmark airfoil. The shape of the airfoil is obtained through superposing ten Hick-Henne shape functions upon the benchmark airfoil. A set of design points is selected according to a uniform design table for aerodynamic evaluation. A Kriging model of drag coefficient is constructed with those points to reduce computing costs. Over the Mach range from 0.7 to 0.8, the airfoil generated by the robust optimization has a configuration characterized by supercritical airfoil with low drag coefficients. The small fluctuation in its drag coefficients means that the performance of the robust airfoil is insensitive to variation of Mach number.     

高速自然层流翼型的设计与风洞实验研究(英文)

为了发展商务客机用的低阻力翼型,本文在荷兰科技大学TST27风洞开展了高速自然层流翼型的实验研究工作。为了减小测量技术对模型流场的干扰,提高测量精度,分别采用了IR,PIV以及阴影法等非接触测量技术。通过这些非接触测量技术的使用,对翼型的转捩位置、后缘分离以及升阻力等气动特性进行了测量研究。从实验结果可以看出,在小迎角范围内,翼型可以在其表面保持较长的层流段,并且后缘分离涡不会随迎角增大而向前发展,使翼型具有高升力、低阻力的特性。从实验结果和计算结果的差别可以看出,实验数据是可靠的,设计的翼型基本满足了设计要求。     

Multi-resolution Analysis of Density Fluctuation of Coherent Structures About Supersonic Flow over VG

The density field around a vortex generator (VG) in supersonic flow is studied with a nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering (NPLS) method. Based on the calibration, i.e., the density distribution of the supersonic flow around a wedge, the density field of a supersonic VG is measured. According to movement characteristics of coherent structure in VG’s flow fields and the basic concepts of wavelet, the density fluctuating signals and multi-resolution characteristics of density field images are studied. The multi-resolution characteristics of density fluctuation can be analyzed with wavelet transformation of NPLS images. The wavelet approximate coefficients of density fluctuating signals exhibit their characteristics at different scales, and the corresponding detail coefficients show the difference of diverse layer smooth approximation in some way. Based on 2D wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of density field images, the approximate and detail signals at different scales are studied, and the coherent structures at different scales are extracted and analyzed.     

高超声速尖锥边界层转捩数值模拟

边界层转捩对高超声速飞行器气动力和热产生重要影响.通过联立求解Favré平均层流脉动能方程与Favré平均Navier-Stokes方程,开展了高马赫数条件下尖锥边界层转捩位置的数值预测研究.将数值计算结果与可用的实验结果进行对比,结果表明增大单位Reynolds数可使转捩提前发生,攻角效应可使迎风面转捩延迟,背风面转捩提前.