离子液体电喷推力器工作机理研究进展

离子液体电喷推力器易于小型化,具有比冲高、推力精度高的特点,适用于微小卫星、太空引力波探测等领域,具有较大发展潜力。对电喷工作机理的认识与研究,不仅能够促进离子液体电喷推力器在工程中的应用,同时也为未来的进一步发展奠定基础。基于此,本文首先回顾了电喷推力器的发展历程及现状;其次以离子液体电喷推力器3个基础工作过程为出发点,对其锥射流形成及发射机理、束流模式及引出特性、羽流自中和机制进行了基础理论介绍与研究现状的总结;最后对离子液体电喷推力器未来的工作机理研究方向和工程应用发展方向提出展望。     

超声速对流推力矢量喷管的数值模拟

利用二次流对流剪切激励主射流方式来产生射流对流推力矢量方法是一种效率很高的矢量化喷流新方法,又称为对流推力矢量法。本文运用三阶精度MUSCL TVD有限体积格式求解二维非定常、可压缩、雷诺平均N-S方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型,计算了对流推力矢量喷管的超声速射流问题,获得几种不同二次流吸气压强下对狭缝和喷管肩部壁面压强分布、剪切层诱导旋涡的结构特征和主射流矢量角等结果,计算结果与实验数据对比取得良好的一致性,并对计算结果进行了详细分析和讨论。     

超声速侧向多喷流干扰特性数值模拟

为了研究多个喷流喷管对导弹控制力的干扰影响,本文通过数值求解N-S方程来模拟超声速外流场中横向喷流的干扰流场,采用分块对接网格和"O"型网格技术,精确模拟喷口截面及弹翼形状,生成高质量的贴体计算网格。通过对多种喷管控制组合的超声速横向喷流干扰流场的数值模拟,研究和分析了喷口附近流场的涡系结构和波系结构,并将喷管几种排列组合对导弹喷流干扰力放大因子的影响进行了分析研究,得出一些多喷流干扰的结论。     

双锥侧向喷流的数值模拟研究

利用侧向喷流进行导弹姿态、轨迹控制是近年来导弹空气动力学前沿热点问题之一。要成功地设计以侧向喷流控制为基础的导弹,必须分析喷流与来流干扰对气动性能的影响。本文采用AUSM 上风格式空间离散三维可压缩非定常NS方程组,数值模拟了双锥侧向喷流干扰流动。将表面压力分布与文献中试验值、计算值进行比较,给出了干扰流场结构,分析了喷流干扰对双锥气动力、力矩的影响。     

Experimental of combustion instability in NTO/MMH impinging combustion chambers

This paper presents an experimental study into dynamics of chamber pressure and heat release rate during self-excited spinning and standing azimuthal mode in NTO/MMH (nitrogen tetroxide/monomethylhydrazine) impinging combustion chambers. Nine cases including two combustion chamber configurations were conducted. The operating conditions of all unstable cases were located in the instability region according to Hewitt empirical correlation. The results show that chamber pressure oscillations keep pace with the corresponding OH* chemiluminescence intensity over the whole combustion region in the spinning and standing modes. It is indicated that the Rayleigh index is positive over the whole combustion area in all the unstable cases. A significant supersonic flame front structure of the first-order spinning mode was found in a cylindrical chamber, which means that a detonation wave could exist in the cylindrical chamber without a center body. The pressure and heat release rate oscillations at the pressure node are nonnegligible although their amplitudes are lower than those at the pressure antinode in the first-order standing mode with an annular chamber. Besides, the dominant frequency of pressure and heat release rate oscillations at the pressure node is twice as high as that at the pressure antinode.     

冷却空气管供气腔脉冲射流流动响应特性实验研究

为了探究脉冲射流经航空发动机主动控制系统中冷却空气管内的流动响应规律，本文对单排40个出流孔的冷却空气管内的脉冲射流流动响应特性进行了实验研究。同时，引入了响应时间、迟滞时间和出流速度系数三个评价参数，对脉冲射流在冷却空气管内的响应特性进行定量分析。实验重点分析了脉冲频率f（1Hz~20Hz）、进口雷诺数Re（5000~20000）等参数变化对流动响应特性带来的影响。研究发现，在一个脉冲周期内，冷却空气管出流速度的响应时间和迟滞时间沿程逐渐增加，出流速度系数沿程变化不大。在本文实验参数范围内，f和Re增加，冷却空气管出流响应时间、迟滞时间所占脉冲周期的比例和出流速度系数逐渐增加。f、Re越大，冷却空气管内压力越大，流容越小。     

Successes and challenges in non-destructive testing of aircraft composite structures

Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry. To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications, reliable Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods are required to prevent catastrophic failures. This paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace composites. The focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.     

单股自由圆射流撞壁雾化实验

利用直流撞击式喷注器组织燃烧的发动机推力室喉部材料耐温极限制约了发动机燃烧效率提升,一种新型高性能直流冷壁式喷注器可以解决这一问题,为了指导这种新型喷注器的设计,从射流撞击雾化实验出发,探索了圆射流撞壁雾化规律。采用高速摄影捕获溅射雾化场整体形态,利用收集法测量溅射雾化率,选用PDA和PIV分别测量溅射液滴粒径及速度矢量。研究结果表明:射流撞壁后存在溅射,溅射液滴局部呈现螺旋状,液滴粒径为几十微米量级,溅射雾化率随撞击距离的变化规律可分为4个典型阶段:初始段、发展段、稳定段、衰减段,湍流动能为溅射雾化率的决定因素。     

A model-scale test on noise from single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries in static conditions

A model-scale test with single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries was carried out at the anechoic chamber of Beihang University in Beijing, China. The spectral characteristics are investigated, and the effects of the following parametric variations are reported in this paper: impact of nozzle operating conditions on spectra; impact of the presence of a plug; and effectiveness of chevron configurations for noise mitigation. The measurement shows that the change of pressure values has more impact on spectra than the change of temperature values. The spectral change due to pressure is shown at all band numbers for unheated conditions whereas it is more pronounced at high-frequency ranges for heated conditions. An impact of the presence of a plug is also clearly observed. The reduction of noise is moderate up to band number of 35, and becomes more significant at higher band numbers. It is observed that chevron nozzles are more efficient at high pressure and temperature values. It is expected that the quantified analysis will be used to develop an empirical model of single jet noise, which will be the baseline for the development of prediction of noise from turbofan engines of high bypass ratios.     

太阳微波双峰事件的初步分析

本文对1989年1月-1990年6月期间的11个微波双峰事件进行了初步的分析,发现大部分双峰事件的两个峰随频率的演化呈现出竟争的趋势。这一观测特征,可由不同的非热电子分布、或相同非热电子分布,但在相同频率上不同光厚导致谱相交特征得到合理的解释,井可得到双峰事件中两个峰产生在不同源区的推论。