Comparison of magnetic flux tube and cosmic string behavior in Kerr metric

Cosmic strings are topological defects which were generated at a transition phase of the very early Universe and are probably responsible for large-scale structure forming. However, they may pull through all history and exist in the recent epoch. Thus, they can have influence for the recent Universe interacting with different objects. We consider the cosmic string behavior in the vicinity of a spinning black hole by means of a numerical simulation. Here we present preliminary results of this work via a comparison of cosmic string and magnetic flux tube behavior in the Kerr metric. Such an approach follows from the similarity of the equations which describe these objects. Therefore, many aspects of this behavior may be comparable.     

涡流发生器控制下横向射流穿透特性及优化

在喷孔上游放置涡流发生器(VG),采用纳米粒子平面激光散射系统(NPLS)和粒子图像测速(PIV)技术对5种构型的VG诱导横向射流的流场进行了观测,提取其穿透深度并进行对比,结果表明在喷孔上游放置VG使射流穿透深度提高了30%~60%.对VG构型的几何参数、射流/来流动压比及VG流向位置等变量进行敏感性分析,表明射流/来流动压比对射流穿透深度的促进作用最大.根据目标函数进行了优化设计,表明当VG半锥角为36°、坡度为6°、VG尾缘与喷孔中心无量纲距离为38.8、射流/来流动压比为10.6时,无量纲穿透深度存在最优值12.68.      

大涵道比涡扇发动机喷流降噪实验

对大涵道比分开排气喷管的缩比模型进行了吹风实验,模拟了双涵道喷流在加热条件下的远场噪声特性,分析了4种不同几何参数的锯齿构型对喷流噪声的影响。结果表明:喷流噪声以大尺度涡产生的低频噪声为主导,主要贡献方向为下游150°附近;锯齿喷管可以有效抑制低频部分及下游方向的噪声,最高可降低峰值声压级(SPL)约6 dB;锯齿的切入程度可以显著的影响降噪量,4种锯齿构型中切入程度高的外涵锯齿构型降噪效果最优,总声压级(OASPL)最高可降低3 dB;内涵锯齿构型的降噪效果比外涵锯齿低,总声压级最高降噪量在1 dB以内;内外涵锯齿构型可以在外涵锯齿的基础上进一步抑制低频噪声,下游方向总声压级最高降噪量为17 dB。     

Analysis of pressure characteristics under laminar and turbulent flow states inside the pilot stage of a deflection flapper servo-valve: Mathematical modeling with CFD study and experimental validation

Electro-hydraulic servo-valves are widely used components in the mechanical industry, aerospace and aerodynamic devices which precisely control the airplane or missile wings. Due to the small size and complex structure in the pilot stage of deflection flapper servo-valves, accurate mathematical models for the flow and pressure characteristics have always been very difficult to be built. In this paper, mathematical models for the pilot stage of deflection flapper servo-valve are investigated to overcome some gaps between the theoretical formulation and overall performance of the valve by considering different flow states. Here, a mathematical model of the velocity distribution at the flapper groove exit is established by using Schlichting velocity equations for in-compressible laminar fluid flow. Moreover, when the flow becomes turbulent, a mathematical model of pressure characteristics in the receiving ports is built on the basis of the assumption of the collision between the liquid and the jet as the impact of the jet on a moving block of fluid particles. To verify the analytical models for both laminar and turbulent flows, the pressure characteristics of the deflection flapper pilot stage are calculated and tested by using numerical simulation and experiment. Experimental verification of the theory is also presented. The computed numerical and analytical results show a good agreement with experimental data.     

一种超声速射流计算方法与实验验证

高温射流流场计算是尾焰辐射目标特性计算的前提,然而由于缺少可靠实验数据,针对湍流超声速射流的数值模拟多集中于低温射流,高温射流计算与实验的对比工作还很少见。利用k-ωSST双方程湍流模型,模拟了多个典型超声速射流实验的流场速度与温度分布,通过与实验结果进行对比,建立了一种超声速射流计算方法。首先,通过对比多个低温射流的实验与计算结果,探索了湍流模型中可压缩修正以及来流湍动粘性比对超声速射流计算结果的影响;进而,针对火箭发动机尾焰实验,计算尾焰流场与流场红外辐射,流场辐射计算结果与实验观测结果符合较好,进一步验证了计算方法。最终认为经过可压缩修正的k-ωSST双方程湍流模型结合湍动粘性比取值30可以作为超声射流计算中较为典型的湍流计算方法。     

BGK-NS格式在复杂流动中的应用研究

作为构造能够同时模拟稀薄和连续流动的混合算法的第一步,本文在前期工作的基础上,考察了气体动理学BGK-NS格式在复杂流动数值模拟中的能力,选取了高超声速再入飞行器大迎角侧向喷流及带栅格翼导弹超声速绕流两个算例.数值模拟结果与实验,以及文献中的计算结果都吻合很好.这充分说明了BGK-NS格式对复杂流动具有良好的模拟能力,也为下一步混合算法的建立打下了良好的基础.     

一种特型燃气舵数值模拟分析

介绍了一种由活动体和固定体组成的特型燃气舵.为了解该燃气舵的相关特性及其与普通燃气舵的区别,分别对该特型燃气舵和普通燃气舵进行了数值模拟.根据数值模拟的结果,从流场、热效应、固体颗粒影响及气动性能4个方面进行了分析.与普通燃气舵相比,特型燃气舵具有抗侵蚀能力强、结构质量轻和阻力小等优点,但也有升力小的缺点.     

矢量二元收扩喷管热射流复杂流场特征研究

提出了一种二元收 扩矢量喷管的概念 ,用热射流实验台对二元矢量喷管进行了过膨胀状态下的喷管模型热态实验。测量了喷管壁面静压和喷管出口总压分布 ,用红外热成像技术给出了二元喷管热射流流场的清晰画面 ,并对流场特征进行了描述和分析。研究表明 ,在非设计状态 ,二元喷管管内有明显的流动分离现象 ,喷口射流总压严重畸变 ,在热射流流场中 ,射流流场呈现双势核结构。     

基于逆向射流抑制封严篦齿泄漏流动的数值及实验研究

针对一直通型篦齿通道进行了二维数值模拟,建立了9种封严结构模型,重点研究了位置和角度变化时逆向射流对篦齿内部流场的影响,探讨了不同模型下篦齿前后压比与泄漏系数的关系,发现各工况下的逆向射流在一定程度上都能够增强篦齿的封严效果,并且射流角度越小,密封性能越佳,射流位置在第一节齿腔中间时,抑制泄漏的效果最佳,当射流角为45°,射流位置在第一齿腔中间时,泄漏系数相对不带逆向射流时能够降低11.5%。在此基础上,进行了带逆向射流的二维直通型封严篦齿实验,在不同的压比下,用PIV分别测量了3种射流角度和3种射流位置下的篦齿通道内部流场,实验结果与数值计算变化规律一致。      

Coupled fluid-thermal investigation on non-ablative thermal protection system with spiked body and opposing jet combined configuration

In this paper, a Non-Ablative Thermal Protection System(NATPS) with the spiked body and the opposing jet combined configuration is proposed to reduce the aerodynamic heating of the hypersonic vehicle, and the coupled fluid-thermal numerical analysis is performed to study the thermal control performance of the NATPS. The results show that the spiked body pushes the bow shock away from the protected structure and thus reduces the shock intensity and the wall heat flux. In addition, the low temperature gas of the opposing jet separates the high temperature gas behind the shock from the nose cone of the spiked body, ensuring the non-ablative property of the spiked body. Therefore, the NATPS reduces the aerodynamic heating by the reconfiguration of the flow field, and the thermal control efficiency of the system is better than the Thermal Protection System(TPS) with the single spiked body and the single opposing jet. The influencing factors of the NATPS are analyzed. Both increasing the length of the spiked body and reducing the total temperature of the opposing jet can improve the thermal control performance of the NATPS and the nonablative property of the spiked body. However, increasing the heat conductivity coefficient of the spiked body can enhance benefit the non-ablative property of the spiked body, but has little influence on the thermal control performance of the NATPS.