大推力氢氧发动机的频率特性仿真研究

采用传递矩阵法对某大推力氢氧火箭发动机系统的频率特性进行了仿真分析.首先建立发动机系统管路和部组件的频域线性化数学模型,并根据系统管路和部件的联接关系,简化系统模型,构成了联系扰动量和系统变量的线性方程组,进一步求解得到扰动量作用下系统变量的频率响应特性.通过仿真对比发现燃气发生器循环与分级燃烧循环的氢氧火箭发动机系统频率特性有显著差异.      

面向大型飞机的先进制造技术特点及发展趋势

首先对先进制造技术的内涵进行了分析,然后重点对先进制造技术的特点进行了研究,并归结为6大特性,即群体与动态的综合性、虚拟与现实的统一性、技术与管理的融合性、制造概念的系统性、材料成形机理的科学性、制造时效的生命周期性.最后分析了先进制造技术在装备制造中的发展趋势.     

重复使用天地往返运载器飞行弹道计算研究

介绍了应用于吸气式重复使用天地往返运载器的RBCC动力,根据动力学和运动学方程及地球物理方程式,利用数值积分方法,计算并比较了采用RBCC动力水平起飞、垂直起飞及纯火箭动力垂直起飞的运载器飞行弹道。计算结果表明,相比于纯火箭动力,RBCC动力有效地降低了运载器的燃料消耗量,但热环境明显要恶劣。     

YAG激光焊接钛合金TA15熔池特征

利用高速摄像,对YAG激光焊接钛合金TA15时的熔池特征以及动态过程进行了深入研究,结果表明,整个熔池可以分为3部分:(a)金属蒸气/等离子体区,它是一个以1kHz以上频率波动的过程;(b)温度超过2 000K的液态熔池区域;(c)半固态熔池区域,这是熔池的主要部分,其温度虽有一定的梯度,但基本保持在熔点温度.     

Prediction of combined cycle fatigue life of TC11 alloy based on modified nonlinear cumulative damage model

The nonlinear cumulative damage model is modified to have high prediction accuracy when the high-low cycle stress frequency ratio m is large (m ≥ 500). The low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests, high cycle fatigue (HCF) tests and combined high and low cycle fatigue (CCF) tests of TC11 titanium alloy were carried out, and the influencing factors of CCF life were analysed. The CCF life declines with the decrease of the ratio of high-low cycle stress frequency m. Both linear and nonlinear cumulative damage models are used to predict the CCF life. The CCF life prediction error of the linear cumulative damage model is great and the predictions tend to be overestimated, which is dangerous for engineering application. The accuracy is relatively high when the high-low cycle stress frequency ratio m ≤ 500. The accuracy of nonlinear cumulative damage model is higher than that of linear model when the high-low cycle stress frequency ratio m ≥ 500. Based on the relationship between high cycle average stress σ_major and material yield limit σ_p,0.2, a correction term is added to the nonlinear cumulative damage model and verified, which made the modified model more accurate when m ≥ 500.     

不同冲击角度外物损伤对TC4钛合金高循环疲劳强度的影响

基于空气炮冲击试验装置在不同冲击角度下进行了TC4钛合金平板试件的外物损伤模拟试验,采用逐级加载试验方法测试获得了光滑和冲击损伤试件的高循环疲劳(high cycle fatigue,HCF)强度,研究了冲击角度、冲击位置以及冲击损伤宏观几何尺寸与HCF强度的关系.结果表明:不同冲击角度下的损伤对HCF强度的影响程度不同.冲击损伤在试件边缘时,30°冲击使试件HCF强度的下降幅度最大;冲击损伤在试件表面时,60°冲击使试件HCF强度的下降幅度最大.试件边缘产生的缺口使HCF强度的下降幅度一般大于试件表面产生弹坑的影响.但在60°冲击时,冲击缺口损伤的影响要小于冲击弹坑损伤的影响.冲击损伤宏观几何尺寸一定程度上可以表征损伤试件HCF强度下降的严重程度.      

Inverse free steering law for small satellite attitude control and power tracking with VSCMGs

Recent developments in integrated power and attitude control systems (IPACSs) for small satellite, has opened a new dimension to more complex and demanding space missions. This paper presents a new inverse free steering approach for integrated power and attitude control systems using variable-speed single gimbal control moment gyroscope. The proposed inverse free steering law computes the VSCMG steering commands (gimbal rates and wheel accelerations) such that error signal (difference in command and output) in feedback loop is driven to zero. H_∞ norm optimization approach is employed to synthesize the static matrix elements of steering law for a static state of VSCMG. Later these matrix elements are suitably made dynamic in order for the adaptation. In order to improve the performance of proposed steering law while passing through a singular state of CMG cluster (no torque output), the matrix element of steering law is suitably modified. Therefore, this steering law is capable of escaping internal singularities and using the full momentum capacity of CMG cluster. Finally, two numerical examples for a satellite in a low earth orbit are simulated to test the proposed steering law.     

补燃循环发动机推力调节过程建模与仿真研究

以补燃循环液氧煤油发动机为研究对象,对其推力调节特性进行了研究.建立了描述补燃循环发动机瞬变过程的数学模型,提出了求解供应系统管路内液体瞬变流控制方程的Chebyshev伪谱方法,应用该模型对补燃循环液氧煤油发动机的推力调节特性进行了仿真计算,并将计算结果与试验数据进行了对比分析,验证了模型和算法的合理性.研究结果表明：对于所研究的补燃循环发动机系统而言,通过调节发生器中较少组元的流量,改变涡轮泵的功率,可很好地实现调节推力的目的,且该推力调节系统具有良好的动态调节品质和很强的抗干扰性.     

Evolution of Dst index,cosmic rays and global temperature during solar cycles 20–23

We have studied conditions in interplanetary space, which can have an influence on galactic cosmic ray (CR) and climate change. In this connection the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field parameters and cosmic ray variations have been compared with geomagnetic activity represented by the equatorial Dst index from the beginning 1965 to the end of 2012. Dst index is commonly used as the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere interaction characteristic. The important drivers in interplanetary medium which have effect on cosmic rays as CMEs (coronal mass ejections) and CIRs (corotating interaction regions) undergo very strong changes during their propagation to the Earth. Because of this CMEs, coronal holes and the solar spot numbers (SSN) do not adequately reflect peculiarities concerned with the solar wind arrival to 1 AU. Therefore, the geomagnetic indices have some inestimable advantage as continuous series other the irregular solar wind measurements. We have compared the yearly average variations of Dst index and the solar wind parameters with cosmic ray data from Moscow, Climax, and Haleakala neutron monitors during the solar cycles 20–23. The descending phases of these solar cycles (CSs) had the long-lasting solar wind high speed streams occurred frequently and were the primary contributors to the recurrent Dst variations. They also had effects on cosmic rays variations. We show that long-term Dst variations in these solar cycles were correlated with the cosmic ray count rate and can be used for study of CR variations. Global temperature variations in connection with evolution of Dst index and CR variations is discussed.     

γ射线对低红外发射率涂层电化学腐蚀行为的影响

将环氧改性有机硅树脂用60Co源γ射线辐照处理,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FT-IR)对树脂结构变化进行表征。制备成低 红外发射率涂层后测试凝胶分数、塔菲尔曲线以及交流阻抗来综合研究耐腐蚀性能并利用扫描电镜观察涂层表面的形貌。结果表明采取该措施可以提高涂层的交联度,在不影响8~14 μm波段红外发射率的前提下,能够改善涂层的耐腐蚀性能。