我国电离层基本参量与国际参考模式的比较

本文利用我国满洲里、北京、武昌、重庆和广州等台站电离层观测记录,对各层临界频率的实测值(月中值)与IRI-86的计算值进行了分析比较.|发现两者存在着显著而系统的偏离.E层和F₁层偏离较小F₂层偏离较大,其相对值有时超过60%.总的来说,f₀F₂的相对偏离:夜间大,白天小冬季大,夏季小太阳活动低年大,高年小随着纬度降低偏离增大模式值普遍大于实测值.      

Ionospheric oscillations caused by geomagnetic Pi2 pulsations and their observations by multipoint continuous Doppler sounding; first results

In 2004, we started operating a continuous Doppler sounding system to investigate ionospheric signatures of infrasonic, short period acoustic gravity waves and geomagnetic pulsations. Since January 2007, four stable 3.59 MHz transmitters have been in operation in the western part of the Czech Republic. Multipoint measurements enable us to investigate horizontal propagation of waves and disturbances in the ionosphere and to estimate horizontal distances over which these waves (disturbances) are correlated.     

改进的WAAS电离层时延网格修正算法

在考虑电离层倾斜的基础上给出了一套改进的广域增强系统电离层时延网格算法，并通过模拟数据和GPS实测数据与原方法进行了分析比较。结果表明，同样条件下不考虑倾斜时产生的方差为考虑倾斜度时的2倍。     

Variations of equatorial electrojet as possible seismo-ionospheric precursor at the occurrence of TEC anomalies before strong earthquake

The measurements of GPS signal delays show that the local areas of increased/decreased Total Electron Content (TEC) of the ionosphere can be observed before strong earthquakes. The main possible cause of these TEC disturbances is the vertical plasma drift under the action of zonal electric field. The spatial pattern of electric potentials for such electric field was proposed. The model calculations were done to investigate the efficiency of the proposed mechanism. The calculation results revealed the agreement with TEC variations observed before strong earthquakes and showed that the equatorial electrojet variations can be considered as precursors of earthquakes.     

F2 layer response to geomagnetic disturbances in Eastern Asia under the low solar activity

In this paper, the peculiarities of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances observed at the decay and minimum of solar activity (SA) in the period 2004–2007 are investigated with respect to different geomagnetic conditions. Data from ionospheric stations and results of total electron content (TEC) measurements made at the network of GPS ground-based receivers located within the latitude–longitude sector (20–70°N, 90–160°Е) are used in this study. Three groups of anomalous ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances have been observed during low solar activity. At daytime, the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) could generally be related to the main phase of magnetic storm. Quasi-two-days wavelike disturbances (WLDs) have been also observed in the main phase independent of the geomagnetic storm intensity. Sharp electron density oscillations of short duration (OSD) occurred in the response to the onset of both main and recovery phases of the magnetic storm in the daytime at middle latitudes. A numerical model for ionosphere–plasmasphere coupling was used to interpret the occurrence of LS TIDs. Results showed that the LSTIDs might be associated with the unexpected lifting of F2 layer to the region with the lower recombination rate by reinforced meridional winds that produces the increase of the electron density in the F2 layer maximum.     

Fading in the HF ionospheric channel and the role of irregularities

It is well known that the ionosphere affects radio wave propagation especially in the high frequency (HF) range. HF radio waves reflected by the ionosphere can reach considerable distances, often with changes in amplitude, phase, and frequency. The ionosphere is a dispersive in frequency and time, bi-refractive, absorbing medium, in which multipath propagation due to traveling irregularities is very frequent. The traveling irregularities undulate the reflecting ionospheric layer, introducing variations in signal amplitude (fading). In this multipath time variant channel fading is mainly considered, even though it is not the sole effect. Echo signals from a single reflection, as in ionospheric vertical sounding (VIS) techniques, are affected by a certain degree of variability even in quiet ionospheric conditions. In this work the behavior of the ionospheric channel is studied and characterized by observing the power variation of received echoes using the VIS technique. Multipath fading was analyzed quantifying the power variation of the signal echo due to irregularities on a temporal scale from 0.5 to 256 s. An experimental set-up derived from an ionosonde was implemented and the analysis was performed employing a special numerical algorithm operating off-line on the acquired time sequence of the signal. The gain-loss of the irregularity shapes are determined in some special cases.     

考虑电离层对GEOSAR影响的改进CS成像算法

地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEOSAR)轨道位置高且合成孔径时间较长,电离层的空时变化特性严重影响该雷达的聚焦性能。为解决电离层对GEOSAR成像聚焦性能的影响,提出一种改进的chirp scaling (CS)成像算法。结合GEOSAR的轨道运动特点,给出因电离层空时变化引起的回波信号模型,提出了改进CS成像算法用以解决电离层对成像聚焦性能的影响。仿真结果表明:该成像方法能较好地处理电离层影响,可获得理想的聚焦成像结果。该方法为GEOSAR实现高精度成像提供了技术支撑。     

电离层扰动的GPS探测

提出了一种利用短基线GPS接收阵探测研究电离层扰动的实验新技术,在此基础上发展了一种消除观测点运动速度的影响,从探测结果中确定扰动传播参量的数据分析算法．实验结果表明,短基线GPS接收阵用于探测研究TID一类电离层扰动时,精度高,可靠性好,并能有效地探测大范围电离层扰动的传播特性．     

Klobuchar电离层模型误差分析及预测

电离层延迟误差是全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)中的重要误差源之一.目前在电离层延迟改正模型中,应用最广泛的是Klobuchar参数模型,但是该模型的改正率仅能达到60％左右,无法满足日益增长的精度需求.将国际GNSS监测评估系统(internation...