Temperature and pressure variability in mid-latitude low atmosphere and stratosphere-ionosphere coupling

This study presents the continuation of our previous analysis of variations of atmospheric and space weather parameters above Iberian Peninsula along two years near the 24th solar cycle maximum. In the previous paper (Morozova et al., 2017) we mainly discussed the first mode of principal component analysis of tropospheric and lower stratospheric temperature and pressure fields, which was shown to be correlated with lower stratospheric ozone and anti-correlated with cosmic ray flux. Now we extend the investigation to the second mode, which suggests a coupling between the stratosphere and the ionosphere.This second mode, located in the low and middle stratosphere (and explaining ~7% of temperature and ~3% of geopotential height variations), showed to be statistically significantly correlated with variations of the middle stratosphere ozone content and anti-correlated with variations of ionospheric total electron content. Similar co-variability of these stratospheric and ionospheric parameters was also obtained with the wavelet cross-coherence analysis.To investigate the role of atmospheric circulation dynamics and the causal nature of the found correlations, we applied the convergent cross mapping (CCM) analysis to our series. Strong evidence for the stratosphere-ionosphere coupling were obtained for the winter 2012–2013 that is characterized by the easterly QBO phase (quasi-biennial oscillations of the direction of the stratospheric zonal winds) and a strong SSW (sudden stratospheric warming event). Further analysis (for the three-year time interval 2012–2015) hint that SSWs events play main role in emphasizing the stratosphere-ionosphere coupling.     

基于非结构背景网格的动网格方法研究

借鉴弹簧动网格方法和Delaunay背景图方法,提出一种基于非结构背景网格的动网格生成方法。先用少量的物面控制点生成相对较粗的非结构背景网格,再用弹簧法将动边界的变化量作用到该背景网格,然后利用计算网格与背景网格的映射关系插值生成对应的动网格,最后对物面网格点及其附近受影响的密网格点进行局部网格修正,获得最终计算所需的动网格。所提方法与直接弹簧法比较,由于弹簧法作用的背景网格远粗于实际的计算网格,提高了计算效率,此外,由于网格的运动受控于受弹簧法作用的背景网格,边界变形或运动能较为均匀地传递到内部网格上,使网格单元过渡光滑,提高了动网格的质量。给出若干算例,展示了方法的效率和可行性。     

基于高拟真度模型的高超声速飞行器静气动弹性优化

为解决基于计算流体动力学(CFD)和计算结构动力学(CSD)高拟真度模型的静气动弹性优化过程中模型更新自动化困难、求解速度慢的难点,提出了基于几何主模型技术的CFD/CSD一体化参数化建模方法和基于网格单元修正的常体积四面体(CVT)数据交换技术,并引入响应面模型来降低气动弹性优化求解难度.通过AGARD 445.6机翼静气动弹性分析对上述方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证;并以某高超声速飞行器为例,采用基于二次响应面的多目标优化算法进行了CFD/CSD气动弹性分析与优化,优化后飞行器升阻比增加16%,结构质量减少9%,且响应面模型精度拟合误差不超过1.5%.计算结果表明:所发展的CFD/CSD一体化参数化建模与优化方法能够有效地解决高拟真度模型的静气动弹性优化问题.      

HTPB黏弹性微裂纹偏折扩展损伤本构模型

为建立端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）推进剂的损伤本构模型,采用宏细观相结合的方法,将其细观损伤机理视为初始微裂纹偏折扩展的过程。首先,基于微裂纹稀疏估计理论,推导了Abdel-Tawab宏观本构方程中损伤映射张量的一般形式,其物理意义是将真实应力空间中各向异性材料的多轴加载,映射为等效应力空间中各向同性材料的更为复杂的多轴加载。其次,基于能量释放率和最大周向应力准则,分析了三维币形裂纹偏折扩展的情形,进一步采用两步等效法,将偏折扩展后的裂纹等效为币形裂纹。最后,基于Schapery裂纹模型,推导了微裂纹稳定扩展的速率方程。数值结果表明,建立的模型能够有效地反映材料损伤的应变率、温度依赖性和各向异性特征。     

Efficient prediction of ground noise from helicopters and parametric studies based on acoustic mapping

Based on the acoustic mapping, a prediction model for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is established. For the enhancement of calculation efficiency, a high-efficiency second-level acoustic radiation model capable of taking the influence of atmosphere absorption on noise into account is first developed by the combination of the point-source idea and the rotor noise radiation characteristics. The comparison between the present model and the direct computation method of noise is done and the high efficiency of the model is validated. Rotor free-wake analysis method and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation are applied to the aerodynamics and noise prediction in the present model. Secondly, a database of noise spheres with the characteristic parameters of advance ratio and tip-path-plane angle is established by the helicopter trim model together with a parametric modeling approach. Furthermore, based on acoustic mapping, a method of rapid simulation for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is developed. The noise footprint for AH-1 rotor is then calculated and the influence of some parameters including advance ratio and flight path angle on ground noise is deeply analyzed using the developed model. The results suggest that with the increase of advance ratio and flight path angle, the peak noise levels on the ground first increase and then decrease, in the meantime, the maximum Sound Exposure Level (SEL) noise on the ground shifts toward the advancing side of rotor. Besides, through the analysis of the effects of longitudinal forces on miss-distance and rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise in descent flight, some meaningful results for reducing the BVI noise on the ground are obtained.     

一种新的卫星光学立体测量技术

提出了一种新的立体影像解析方法。在卫星轨道特性和相机交会角已知的条件下,根据对同一地物的摄影时间差提取高度信息,进而确定其三维空间位置。建立了不考虑/考虑地球自转的地物高度测定,以及位置确定模型,给出了地物空间位置计算的流程。讨论了地物高度的测量误差和对卫星平台性能的基本要求。新方法用摄影时间差的测量取代传统方法影像像点坐标的测量,更简捷和准确,更适合数字图像,具有重要应用价值。     

三线阵TDICCD在测图卫星中的应用分析

分析了不同测图比例尺对测图卫星空间分辨率和交会角的要求和在使用三线阵延时积分电荷耦合器件(TDICCD)技术进行立体测绘时,由于地球自转导致的残留角将使测图卫星系统的调制传递函数(MTF)劣化,提出了减小影响图像质量方法的建议。     

Fuzzy压缩映象不动点定理

本文将Fuuzy压缩原理进行了推广，首次通过引入一个Fuzzy ε上半连续函数和Fuzzy链空间成功的证明了Fuzzy数值函数的不动点定理。     

Team effectiveness evaluation and virtual reality scenario mapping model for helicopter emergency rescue

The application of helicopter emergency rescue is becoming increasingly widespread, but the flight crew training in this area is still difficult due to high cost and risk. Nevertheless, with the development of Virtual Reality(VR) technology, virtual simulation has become a significant role in crew training of helicopter rescue. During the implementation of VR-based training, how to transform complex real tasks into VR scenarios and how to evaluate the performance of crew are of great importance....     

测绘导航高精度定位关键技术及应用

人工智能(AI)、卫星导航及室内定位三大技术的快速发展持续推动测绘科技向智能化、学科交叉、信息融合的方向发展。指出了装备虚拟化与数据处理多样化将成为测绘导航的基本形态，拓展了测绘学科的内涵与外延。智能滤波是未来测绘导航定位理论发展的重要方向，AI芯片将成为测绘导航装备的关键部件，从而提高滤波效率与产品的实用性。给出了车载导航模组研制的技术流程，提出了模组原始信息同步采集与延时补偿、自适应定位算法及嵌入式固件时间分片优化等关键技术，研制了覆盖分米、厘米及毫米级定位精度的无缝组网定位、车载导航及变形监测模组，并研发了相应的终端系统，针对相应的应用领域，给出了各自应用的解决方案，以及具体的应用案例。