飞机制造成本估算BOM模型研究

为了获取准确的成本估算信息,针对飞机制造的复杂性和数据信息共享的即时性等特点,对目前产品制造费用按工时比例分摊到产品的估算不准确的缺陷,依据ABC作业成本法的思想,建立以BOM为主线的成本估算模型,并给出从直接发生的活动对成本进行归集,依照活动的目标进行分配,成本BOM逐层卷积估算产品成本的方法。最后,利用J2EE技术进行系统实现,并给出一个应用实例。     

基于Gabor滤波器的航空图像居民区域提取

中低分辨率航空图像中居民区域的自动提取对地理信息系统更新和无人机导航具有重要作用.详细分析了Gabor滤波器参数对纹理提取的影响,提出了一种基于Gabor滤波器的居民区快速提取算法.算法包含4步:运用Gabor滤波器分析图像纹理,采用核密度估计生成居民区域置信图像,进而计算自适应阈值分割置信图得到候选区域,最后根据区域几何形状去除干扰得到居民区.算法平均运算时间为0.42s,实验结果表明了算法的高效性和准确性.     

基于比例失效率模型的退化数据分析方法

利用产品的性能退化数据进行可靠性评估是一个解决失效寿命数据不充分的重要方法.在分析产品的失效率与失效阀值具有紧密相关性的基础上,通过引入比例失效率模型描述产品可靠性与失效阀值的关系,并根据产品寿命分布与退化量分布之间的关系建立了退化分析模型.在不假定物理退化轨迹模型和退化量分布的情况下,利用产品的退化信息获得产品在不同检测时刻和失效阀值下的可靠度,通过分布拟合方法获得未知参数的估计值,进而对产品进行可靠性评估.该方法不仅放松了模型的假设条件,也适于处理一些具有非平衡数据结构的退化数据,具有较广的适应性.最后,通过实例进行了不同方法的比较,验证了该方法的有效性.     

Static Frame Model Validation with Small Samples Solution Using Improved Kernel Density Estimation and Confidence Level Method

An improved method using kernel density estimation (KDE) and confidence level is presented for model validation with small samples. Decision making is a challenging problem because of input uncertainty and only small samples can be used due to the high costs of experimental measurements. However, model validation provides more confidence for decision makers when improving prediction accuracy at the same time. The confidence level method is introduced and the optimum sample variance is determined using a new method in kernel density estimation to increase the credibility of model validation. As a numerical example, the static frame model validation challenge problem presented by Sandia National Laboratories has been chosen. The optimum bandwidth is selected in kernel density estimation in order to build the probability model based on the calibration data. The model assessment is achieved using validation and accreditation experimental data respectively based on the probability model. Finally, the target structure prediction is performed using validated model, which are consistent with the results obtained by other researchers. The results demonstrate that the method using the improved confidence level and kernel density estimation is an effective approach to solve the model validation problem with small samples.     

基于角速度估计自适应的IMM目标跟踪算法

为了解决目标强机动时目标跟踪算法模型集不匹配的问题,提出了一种基于角速度估计的自适应交互式多模型算法。通过对角速度的估计,在目标的不同运动模式下选取最优模型集,角速度估计精度高时,通过角速度估计值构造模型集,减小模型间竞争;角速度估计精度低时,采用标准IMM算法的模型集,提高模型集的覆盖范围,从而提高跟踪精度。仿真结果表明该方法能够明显提升目标跟踪性能,对强机动目标的跟踪效果尤其显著。     

闭环气动参数辨识的两步方法

对于闭环控制飞行器动力学系统,如果输入输出数据中含有误差和噪声,将其直接用于辨识气动参数是有偏差的。针对这个问题,利用闭环控制飞行仿真数据,采用两步方法辨识飞行器的气动参数,并与直接开环辨识的结果及参数真值进行对比,表明两步方法辨识结果较直接开环辨识方法具有更高的精度,是一种有效的闭环气动参数辨识方法。     

聚焦变换在MIMO阵列方位估计中的应用

MIMO阵列是近年来信号处理领域提出的一种新体制阵列技术,可有效避免常规阵列中的相干源问题。为解决多载波造成的方位模糊,提出了一种基于聚焦变换的MIMO阵列目标方位估计方法。该方法将MIMO阵列接收信号分解为多个频率分量的信号,并通过聚焦算法将多个频率信号聚焦到同一信号子空间,然后对聚焦后的信号进行方位估计。仿真结果表明:与直接对MIMO阵列接收信号进行方位估计相比,该方法利用了MIMO阵列的回波不相干性和宽带信号能量,具有更好的分辨能力和更高的方位估计精度。     

Network based real-time precise point positioning

Network based real-time precise point positioning system includes two stages, i.e. real-time estimation of satellite clocks based on a reference network and real-time precise point positioning thereafter. In this paper, a satellite- and epoch-differenced approach, adopted from what is introduced by Han et al. (2001), is presented for the determination of satellite clocks and for the precise point positioning. One important refinement of our approach is the implementation of the robust clock estimation. A prototype software system is developed, and data from the European Reference Frame Permanent Network on September 19, 2009 is used to evaluate the approach. Results show that our approach is 3 times and 90 times faster than the epoch-difference approach and the zero-difference approach, respectively, which demonstrates a significant improvement in the computation efficiency. The RMS of the estimated clocks is at the level of 0.1 ns (3 cm) compared to the IGS final clocks. The clocks estimates are then applied to the precise point positioning in both kinematic and static mode. In static mode, the 2-h estimated coordinates have a mean accuracy of 3.08, 5.79, 6.32 cm in the North, East and Up directions. In kinematic mode, the mean kinematic coordinates accuracy is of 4.63, 5.82, 9.20 cm.     

基于不确定性的设计方案经济可承受性分析

研制周期中的不确定性因素对飞机总体方案的评估结果有着重要影响.通过对飞机设计过程中不确定性因素的分类及其相应处理方法的分析,建立了基于区间数层次分析法AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)和鲁棒设计RD(Robust Design)的概率多准则决策MCDM(Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making)方法,可用于处理不确定因素影响下的飞机总体设计方案评估问题,并使评估结果更具科学性.通过上述方法的引入,着重考虑了新技术的引入和寿命周期费用的波动对设计方案的影响,建立了基于不确定性的设计方案经济可承受性分析结构模型.最后,利用算例分析检验了上述分析模型的有效性.     

转动惯量未知的非合作目标角速度估计方法研究

针对转动惯量未知的非合作目标的姿态角速度估计问题,将解算得到的非合作目标的惯性姿态作为测量信息,估计姿态角速度和姿态动力学参数（即转动惯量比）．首先,应用非线性控制系统的几何理论对待估计的状态扩展系统进行能观性分析．然后,利用UKF设计相应的滤波估计算法．仿真结果表明,本文所设计的方法能够精确估计出非合作目标的姿态角速度与转动惯量比．