利用定标站对旋转扫描扇形波束散射计的信号频率估计

该文基于中法海洋卫星(Chinese-French Oceanic Satellite,CFOSAT)雷达散射计系统参数,给出了可行的在轨Doppler预补偿方法并利用地面定标站实现对RFSCAT信号频率的估计.对比了3种信号频率估计方法,通过仿真分析表明,可达到优于0.05kHz的频率估计精度.仿真结果表明,通过把估计的频率与Doppler预补偿查找表和Doppler频率进行比较,可实现对RFSCAT在轨Doppler预补偿状态及生命周期内的载频漂移监测.     

Analysis on Potential Conflict Frequency of Intersected Air Routes in Terminal Airspace Design

In order to obtain accurate conflict risks in terminal airspace design, the concept and calculation model of potential conflict frequency for intersected routes are proposed. Conflict frequency is represented by the product of horizontal conflict frequency and vertical conflict probability. The horizontal conflict frequency is derived from the probability density distribution of conflicts in a period of time. Based on the recorded radar trajectory data, the concept and model of ROUTE distance are proposed, and the probability density function of aircraft height at a specified ROUTE distance is deduced by kernel density estimation. Furthermore, vertical conflict probability and its horizontal distribution are achieved. Examples of three intersected arrival and departure route design schemes are studied. Compared with scheme 1, the conflict frequency values of the other two improved schemes decrease to 53 % and 24%, respectively. The results show that the model can quantify potential conflict frequency of intersec ted routes.     

The impact of orbital errors on the estimation of satellite clock errors and PPP

Precise satellite orbit and clocks are essential for providing high accuracy real-time PPP (Precise Point Positioning) service. However, by treating the predicted orbits as fixed, the orbital errors may be partially assimilated by the estimated satellite clock and hence impact the positioning solutions. This paper presents the impact analysis of errors in radial and tangential orbital components on the estimation of satellite clocks and PPP through theoretical study and experimental evaluation. The relationship between the compensation of the orbital errors by the satellite clocks and the satellite-station geometry is discussed in details. Based on the satellite clocks estimated with regional station networks of different sizes (∼100, ∼300, ∼500 and ∼700 km in radius), results indicated that the orbital errors compensated by the satellite clock estimates reduce as the size of the network increases. An interesting regional PPP mode based on the broadcast ephemeris and the corresponding estimated satellite clocks is proposed and evaluated through the numerical study. The impact of orbital errors in the broadcast ephemeris has shown to be negligible for PPP users in a regional network of a radius of ∼300 km, with positioning RMS of about 1.4, 1.4 and 3.7 cm for east, north and up component in the post-mission kinematic mode, comparable with 1.3, 1.3 and 3.6 cm using the precise orbits and the corresponding estimated clocks. Compared with the DGPS and RTK positioning, only the estimated satellite clocks are needed to be disseminated to PPP users for this approach. It can significantly alleviate the communication burdens and therefore can be beneficial to the real time applications.     

邻信道合并的改进及其测频方法

为了确保高灵敏度,数字信道化接收机的子信道带宽一般较窄。然而,在现代电子战环境中,存在大量的宽带雷达信号,其带宽经常会大于信道宽度,使得多信道都存在信号,将增加信道编码及脉内处理的复杂度。提出了一种邻信道合并方法,直接对信道化的原型低通滤波器进行了解析设计,便于采用带宽相加实现输出子信道的带宽扩展。首先给出了原型低通滤波器的一种解析解;然后,采用相似系数,从仿真角度证明了邻信道合并对宽带信号的适用性;最后,根据信道分布特点,设计了一种窄带测频方法。理论分析和仿真结果证实了方法的有效性。     

Instantaneous rainfall estimation using neural network from multispectral observations of SEVIRI radiometer and its application in estimation of daily and monthly rainfall

In the present paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) based technique has been developed to estimate instantaneous rainfall by using brightness temperature from the IR sensors of SEVIRI radiometer, onboard Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite. The study is carried out over north of Algeria. For estimation of rainfall, weight matrices of two ANNs namely MLP1 and MLP2 are developed. MLP1 is to identify raining or non-raining pixels. When rainy pixels are identified, then for those pixels, instantaneous rainfall is estimated by using MLP2. For identification of raining and non raining pixels, 7 input parameters from the IR sensors are utilized. Corresponding data of raining/non-raining pixels are taken from radar. For instantaneous rainfall estimation, 14 input parameters are utilized, where 7 parameters are information about raining pixels and 7 parameters are related with cloud features. The results obtained show the neural network performs reasonably well.     

The effect of spatial truncation error on variance of gravity anomalies derived from inversion of satellite orbital and gradiometric data

The spatial truncation error (STE) is a significant systematic error in the integral inversion of satellite gradiometric and orbital data to gravity anomalies at sea level. In order to reduce the effect of STE, a larger area than the desired one is considered in the inversion process, but the anomalies located in its central part are selected as the final results. The STE influences the variance of the results as well because the residual vector, which is contaminated with STE, is used for its estimation. The situation is even more complicated in variance component estimation because of its iterative nature. In this paper, we present a strategy to reduce the effect of STE on the a posteriori   variance factor and the variance components for inversion of satellite orbital and gradiometric data to gravity anomalies at sea level. The idea is to define two windowing matrices for reducing this error from the estimated residuals and anomalies. Our simulation studies over Fennoscandia show that the differences between the 0.5°×0.5°$0.5°\times 0.5°$ gravity anomalies obtained from orbital data and an existing gravity model have standard deviation (STD) and root mean squared error (RMSE) of 10.9 and 12.1 mGal, respectively, and those obtained from gradiometric data have 7.9 and 10.1 in the same units. In the case that they are combined using windowed variance components the STD and RMSE become 6.1 and 8.4 mGal. Also, the mean value of the estimated RMSE after using the windowed variances is in agreement with the RMSE of the differences between the estimated anomalies and those obtained from the gravity model.     

区域杂波估计的多目标跟踪方法

高斯粒子概率假设密度（PHD）滤波往往假定杂波密度参数已知,这种做法对于实际应用是不现实的。此外,杂波的参数值通常依赖于环境条件,可能随时间发生变化。因此,多目标跟踪算法中需要实时准确估计杂波密度的参数。基于此,提出了一种多目标跟踪的区域杂波估计方法。首先根据量测信息在线估计出场景中的杂波数目,然后估计落入目标附近感兴趣区域的杂波数,并估计每个目标感兴趣区域杂波强度。仿真结果表明,在复杂场景下算法的跟踪性能明显优于未进行杂波估计的多目标跟踪算法,提高了跟踪的实时性和跟踪精度。     

多退化变量下基于Copula函数的陀螺仪剩余寿命预测方法

针对惯性导航系统中陀螺仪多退化变量条件下的剩余寿命（RUL）预测问题,提出了一种基于Copula函数的多退化变量剩余寿命预测方法。首先,针对退化变量间不同的退化轨迹,采用不同的方法进行退化建模,并对于陀螺漂移系数样本标准差数据波动性随时间递增的特性,提出了一种方差时变的正态随机过程退化建模方法,得到了陀螺仪剩余寿命的边缘分布函数。然后,通过Copula函数来描述退化变量之间的相关性,将得到的剩余寿命的边缘分布进行融合,得到了陀螺仪剩余寿命的联合分布函数。最后,通过陀螺仪实例分析验证了方法的适用性和可行性。     

基于泰勒展开法的转子系统动力特性区间分析方法

对转子系统动力特性运用一种非概率-区间分析方法进行分析.基于区间数学和1阶泰勒展开理论的区间分析方法将非确定参数支承刚度和连接结构刚度视为区间向量,运用泰勒展开法建立了转子系统固有频率的公式.区间分析方法降低了传统的概率分析方法对不确定参数信息的过分要求,为解决含有非确定参数的转子系统动力特性问题提供了一个途径.应用区间泰勒展开法和概率方法对数值算例进行了分析,并比较了结果.当参数非确定性小于20%时,计算得到的转子系统固有频率区间上下界与真实值区间上下界误差小于2.2%.建立了转子系统动力特性试验装置,试验结果验证了方法的有效性.      

基于在线频率估计的自适应反馈主动隔振技术

针对自适应前馈控制方法的缺点,提出一种周期性振动主动控制的自适应反馈控制方法.利用误差信号恢复振动干扰信号,采用级联陷波器估计信号中周期性分量的频率,并在估计频率处为控制器构造参考信号;控制器的参数则根据Lyapunov稳定性原理进行调整.仿真和主动隔振试验结果表明:频率估计方法在不同信噪比情况下均具有较好的估计精度;主动控制方法在振动频率处的隔振效果明显,隔振量可达16?dB以上,且控制器的参数收敛速度较快.