激光等离子体微推力器的发展及热点问题

激光微推力器在航天器的轨道调整、引力补偿、位置保持、轨道机动和姿态控制等方面存在巨大的潜在优势。对近年来激光等离子体微推力器的研究和发展进行了较全面介绍,并详述了激光等离子体微推力器发展过程中的几个热点问题,包括激光等离子体微推力器的工作模式和工质的选择、推力单元结构设计、微型激光器和微推力测试方法的研究与发展现状。通过对比分析,给出了目前所研究的激光等离子体微推力器的优缺点,为国内研制激光等离子体微推力器提供了一些有益参考。     

小型平板CPL实现高热流密度散热的研究

针对小型平板毛细抽吸两相流体回路(CPL)在高热流密度下的特点,分析了不同工质时系统的压力损失与毛细芯的毛细抽吸力,得出采用氨工质有着较好的传热性能和更高的毛细限,同时得出影响系统毛细限的主要因素是蒸汽联管管径和工质的蒸气密度,提出了工质传输系数作为选取工质的重要指标。建立了蒸发器多孔芯,金属壁面以及工质气、液空间区域的耦合数学模型,并运用SIMPLE算法进行求解,得出蒸发器内的温度分布及由于侧壁效应对多孔芯传热传质与传热极限的影响,同时提出小型平板CPL系统存在侧壁效应传热极限,它是影响系统最大传热量的一个重要极限,在设计小型平板CPL必须予以考虑。     

高低温循环条件下氟橡胶耐油介质老化性能

为了获得高低温循环条件下某种导弹用密封氟橡胶材料的老化机理,对某牌号的弹用密封氟橡胶试样进行了高低温循环油介质加速老化实验。对其在高低温油介质条件下的压缩永久变形、机械性能、微观形貌、分子结构、动态力学性能的变化规律进行了研究,同时计算了氟橡胶分子几个重要的化学键的离解能。结果表明:高低温循环下特种氟橡胶的最大拉伸强度与拉断伸长率随着循环周期数的增加逐渐降低,油介质中贮存的氟橡胶试样压缩永久变形率在老化前期逐渐增大,老化后期略有恢复,随着老化时间增长氟橡胶分子侧基分解,主链柔顺性增强。     

W33B的羟基脉泽辐射

使用两个跃迁频率,观测W33B的OH分子左右圆偏振的脉泽辐射.从左右圆偏振谱的Zeeman速度分裂,导得脉泽活动区的磁场大约为5mG.采用均匀抽运,完全饱和辐射的球模型,估计脉泽活动区的原恒星物质的氢分子数密度为3×10⁷cm^-3.     

Revealing the hot intergalactic medium with ROSAT

The X-ray background intensity around galaxies and rich clusters of galaxies is investigated in three energy bands using the ROSAT All-Sky Survey maps. It is found that an amplitude of the XRB enhancements surrounding the Abell clusters and high density areas in the Lick galaxy counts depends on photon energy. Excess flux generated in the surrounding of the galaxy concentrations is consistent with the thermal emission by hot gas postulated by hydrodynamic simulations.     

中介关系数据库查询语言

给出了中介关系数据模型,在此基础上构造了两类不同的中介关系数据库查询语言,中介关系演算和中介关系代数,中介关系演算以中介谓词演算ＭＦ为基础,通过引入直值程度词〈对立否定词和模糊否定词～扩充了关系演算的表达能力,同样地,中介关系代数以中介集合论ＭＳ为基础,扩充了关系代数的功能,此外,证明了中介关系演算和中介关系代数的语言表达能力上的等价性,中介关系演算和中介关系代数可作为研究模糊数据库理论的工具。     

The isotopic composition of anomalous cosmic rays from sampex

Measurements of the anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) isotopic composition have been made in three regions of the magnetosphere accessible from the polar Earth orbit of SAMPEX, including the interplanetary medium at high latitudes and geomagnetically trapped ACRs. At those latitudes where ACRs can penetrate the Earth's magnetic field while fully stripped galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) of similar energies are excluded, a pure ACR sample is observed to have the following composition: ¹⁵N/N < 0.023, ¹⁸O/¹⁶O < 0.0034, and ²²Ne/²⁰Ne = 0.077(+0.085, –0.023). We compare our values with those found by previous investigators and with those measured in other samples of solar and galactic material. In particular, a comparison of ²²Ne/²⁰Ne measurements from various sources implies that GCRs are not simply an accelerated sample of the local interstellar medium.     

Coupling of the interstellar and interplanetary magnetic fields at the heliospheric interface: The effect of neutral hydrogen atoms

We present numerical results showing the effect of neutral hydrogen atoms on the solar wind (SW) interaction with the local interstellar medium (LISM), where the interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) is coupled to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at the surface of the heliopause. The IMF on the inner boundary surrounding the Sun is specified in the form of a Parker spiral and self-consistently develops in accordance with the SW motion inside the heliopause. The model of the SW–LISM interaction involves both plasma and neutral components which are treated as fluids. The configuration is chosen where the ISMF is orthogonal to the LISM velocity and tilted 60° to the ecliptic plane. This orientation of the magnetic field is a possible explanation of the 2–3 kHz emission data which is believed to originate ahead of the heliopause. It is shown that the topology of the heliospheric current sheet is substantially affected by the ISMF. The interaction pattern dependence on the neutral hydrogen density is analyzed.     

GHRS observations of the LISM

The GHRS has obtained high-resolution spectra of interstellar gas toward 19 nearby stars. These excellent data show that the Sun is located inside the Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC) with other warm clouds nearby. I will summarize the physical properties of these clouds and the three-dimensional structure of this warm interstellar gas. There is now clear evidence that the Sun and other late-type stars are surrounded by hydrogen walls in the upwind direction. The D/H ratio probably has a constant value in the LIC, (1.6 ± 0.2) × 10^–5, consistent with the measured values for all LIC lines of sight.     

Three-dimensional global simulation of multiple ICMEs’ interaction and propagation from the Sun to the heliosphere following the 25–28 October 2003 solar events

This study performs simulations of interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) propagation in a realistic three-dimensional (3D) solar wind structure from the Sun to the Earth by using the newly developed hybrid code, HAFv.2+3DMHD. This model combines two simulation codes, Hakamada–Akasofu–Fry code version 2 (HAFv.2) and a fully 3D, time-dependent MHD simulation code. The solar wind structure is simulated out to 0.08 AU (18 Rs) from source surface maps using the HAFv.2 code. The outputs at 0.08 AU are then used to provide inputs for the lower boundary, at that location, of the 3D MHD code to calculate solar wind and its evolution to 1 AU and beyond. A dynamic disturbance, mimicking a particular flare’s energy output, is delivered to this non-uniform structure to model the evolution and interplanetary propagation of ICMEs (including their shocks). We then show the interaction between two ICMEs and the dynamic process during the overtaking of one shock by the other. The results show that both CMEs and heliosphere current sheet/plasma sheet were deformed by interacting with each other.