非等直径柱肋阵列的冷却特性

为优化柱肋阵列冷却效果,通过缩小柱肋阵列中局部柱肋直径得到3种非等直径柱肋阵列通道。采用瞬态液晶测试技术和数值模拟方法研究了其传热和流阻特性。结果表明:保持奇数排柱肋直径的大小,仅减小偶数排的直径,能在传热减弱不多的情况下,使通道的流动阻力大幅降低。适当调整奇/偶数排柱肋的直径,雷诺数为10 000~50 000,奇偶数排柱肋直径比为1.4的非等直径柱肋阵列通道,其平均传热系数仅减小了约6%,而阻力系数则减小了约21%。      

绝对节点坐标列式实体梁单元建模方法及应用

在多体系统动力学建模方法中,传统非等参梁单元的建模方法主要基于Euler-Bernoulli梁或Timoshenko梁理论,无法准确描述截面变形;而传统绝对节点坐标列式索梁单元虽然能够准确描述截面变形,但需引入额外描述及处理闭锁问题;与上述单元不同,绝对节点坐标列式实体单元可以通过节点坐标直接描述截面变形,避免单元变形带来的闭锁问题。本文在实体单元方法基础上,首次提出了考虑单元连续性条件和黏弹性阻尼模型的绝对节点坐标列式实体梁单元,并使用实体梁单元实现了对多体系统的建模。仿真结果表明,对比传统有限单元及绝对节点坐标列式单元,实体梁单元能够更好地表征柔性梁的非线性特性,满足大变形柔性计算的需求。     

Internal ballistic simulation of multi-burning-rate solid rocket motor based on parameterized feature CAD model

Internal ballistic simulation (IBS) method of multi-burning-rate solid rocket motor (SRM) was developed based on 3-D burning regression method by parameterized feature CAD model (PFCADM) and lumped parameter, in consideration of time-dependent, erosive-burning-effect from internal ballistic numerical algorithm. By driving multi-parameter CAD model based on PFCADM, the approach is capable of conducting the geometric regression simulation of various grain combinations of complex configurations with different burning rates. Through suitably simplifying the internal ballistic numerical algorithm, the problems of coupling geometric regression simulation of sub-grains of different burning rates and high computational consumption of internal ballistic calculation were solved. One tri-burning-rate grain motor, which had been firing-tested, was used as the validation case of simulation. The results show that, with the 3-D grain regression model and sufficient accurate internal ballistic algorithm, the method realizes IBS of the case in low computational-consumption prediction of its performance within the accuracy of 2% during 1h clock-time. The application of the method provides a practical approach to aid SRM design of multi-burning-rate grain.      

Thermomechanical coupling effect on characteristics of oxide film during ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID grinding ZTA ceramics

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID (UVA-ELID) grinding is utilized as a novel and highly efficient processing method for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics. In this study, the UVA-ELID grinding ZTA ceramics is employed to investigate the influence of thermomechanical loading on the characteristics of oxide film. Based on the fracture mechanics of material, the model of internal stress for oxide film damage is proposed. The thermomechanical loading is composed of mechanical force and the thermal stress generating from grinding temperature. The theoretical model is established for the mechanical force, thermal stress and internal stress respectively. Then the finite element analysis method is used to simulate the theoretical model. The mechanical force and grinding temperature is measured during the actual grinding test. During the grinding process, the effect of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth on the thermomechanical force and the characteristics of oxide film is analyzed. Compared with the conventional ELID (C-ELID) grinding, the mechanical force decreased by 25.6% and 22.4% with the increase of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth respectively, and the grinding temperature declined by 10.7% and 12.8% during the UVA-ELID grinding. The thermal stress in the latter decreased by 16.3% and 20.8% respectively, and internal stress reduced by 12.3% and 15.6%. It was experimentally found that the topographies of oxide layer on the surface of the wheel and the machined surface in the latter was better than that in the former. The results indicate that the action of ultrasonic vibration establish a significant effect on the processing. Subsequently, it should be well considered for future reference when processing the ZTA ceramics.     

自由浮动空间双臂机器人抓持内力的优化控制

运用非线性规划方法，提出了一种本体位置、姿态均不受控的自由浮动空间双臂机器人的内力优化与控制策略。首先根据空间双臂机器人及负载的动力学方程，建立了抓持系统合成动力学方程，进而将机器人各手臂关节广义驱动力矩的范数作为目标函数，内力作为优化变量，采用了序列一次规划法来解决空间机器人的动态内力优化计算问题，并对双臂六自由度空间机器人进行了内力优化控制仿真实验，结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

星用FR-4材料本征介电性能随温度的变化研究

卫星内带电效应是引起航天器故障的重要原因之一。地面试验模拟和分析评估是内带电效应研究的主要手段,而介质材料的介电性能参数是分析评估的必要输入条件。文章系统介绍了FR-4材料的电导率、介电常数、介电强度3种本征介电参数的测量方法,并通过试验测量了不同温度下FR-4的介电参数。研究发现,FR-4本征介电参数并非固定值,而会随温度发生规律性的变化。     

纤维缠绕气瓶设计分析

讨论了具有金属内衬的纤维缠绕气瓶在加压和卸压过程中的变形特性。依据网格理论,给出了纤维缠绕壳体的设计方法。对塑性性能良好的金属材料内衬,可用强度理论中的最大正应变准则进行强度设计。推导出气瓶卸压时内衬不失稳所应满足的条件。为使卸压时内衬不失稳,内衬与纤维缠绕壳体之间应有足够的粘接强度,而且内衬的壁厚应越薄越好。对壁厚较薄的内衬,给出了气瓶卸压时内衬不失稳的最小粘接强度的确定方法。算例表明,文中给出的设计分析方法,可用于具有金属内衬纤维缠绕气瓶的初步设计。     

减压器开启过程内部流场的动态仿真和特性研究

针对自主研制的大流量气体减压器,以研究其开启过程内部流场的变化和动态特性为目的,建立了减压器工作过程的二维数学模型,采用动网格技术和流固耦合仿真技术,将气体的流动和活动组件的运动耦合起来,实现了减压器开启过程中内部流场的动态仿真。同时,通过对流场中不同位置参数的监测,进行了基于动态流场的开启过程动态特性研究。     

薄壁Y型三通管内高压成形及补料比的影响

面向航空航天轻量化制造对超薄三通管的需求,开展了不锈钢和铝合金薄壁三通管内高压成形研究。通过内高压成形实验研究,给出Y型不锈钢三通和铝合金三通内高压成形典型缺陷,采用合理的加载路径和预成形工序,实现了径厚比(原始管材直径和壁厚的比值)为183的超薄不锈钢Y型三通管和径厚比为40的铝合金薄壁三通管内高压成形。通过不同补料比Y型三通管内高压成形实验研究,分析了补料比对Y型三通管壁厚和形状的影响,指出因Y型三通管两端非对称,补料比是Y型三通管内高压成形的关键工艺参数。     

非对称配气凸轮实测升程数据的优化拟合

已有的配气凸轮实测升程数据的优化拟合研究基本上都是针对对称型配气凸轮展开的。本文采用最小二乘法和浮动正交网格法对非对称型配气凸轮的实测升程数据进行了优化数学似合。考虑到高速内燃机的凸轮大多采用具有等加速－等速特征的缓冲段和高阶导数连续特征的工作段型式,用等加速－等速函数拟合缓冲段实测升程数据,用整体式高次多项式函数拟合工作段实测升程数据。对优化拟合的数学基础和非对称型配气凸轮的特征进行了介绍,并针