低温燃气弹射内弹道影响因素的数值研究

针对某低温燃气式弹射装置,建立简化二次燃烧物理模型,采用重整化群k-ε湍流模型模拟流场流动、以有限速率/涡耗散燃烧模型模拟气相燃烧、以域动分层法动网格更新技术模拟导弹运动,数值分析得到了发射筒内载荷与内弹道特性.结果表明:在满足内弹道设计要求的条件下,燃气发生器喷管入口总温包络区间为0.538~1.231,且随着总温的增加,二次反应时间和导弹出筒时间减小,导弹出筒速度增加;发射筒内氧气质量分数包络区间为0.07~0.30,且随着氧气质量分数的增加,二次反应发生时间和导弹出筒时间提前,导弹出筒速度增加.研究结果可为低温燃气式弹射内弹道分析和结构设计提供理论基础.      

Probing solar and stellar interior dynamics and dynamo

Solar and stellar activity is a result of complex interaction between magnetic field, turbulent convection and differential rotation in a star’s interior. Magnetic field is believed to be generated by a dynamo process in the convection zone. It emerges on the surface forming sunspots and starspots. Localization of the magnetic spots and their evolution with the activity cycle is determined by large-scale interior flows. Thus, the internal dynamics of the Sun and other stars hold the key to understanding the dynamo mechanism and activity cycles. Recently, significant progress has been made for modeling magnetohydrodynamics of the stellar interiors and probing the internal rotation and large-scale dynamics of the Sun by helioseismology. Also, asteroseismology is beginning to probe interiors of distant stars. I review key achievements and challenges in our quest to understand the basic mechanisms of solar and stellar activity.     

大口径远程榴弹气动力-外弹道综合优化设计

在大口径远程榴弹设计中,在保证弹丸具有足够的威力,飞行稳定性和发射强度的前提下,使弹丸具有最大射程是一个很有意义的问题。本文给出了大口径远程榴弹气动力一外弹道综合优化设计数学模型,本文还首次涉及了底部排气弹外形优化问题。     

末敏弹减速运动和稳态扫描段运动特性的研究

对末敏弹这一全新反坦克武器在减速运动和稳态扫描段的运动特性进行了仔细的研究。恰当地引入了降落伞的附加质量和附加惯性矩,完整地分析了伞体和弹体所受的外力和外力矩,建立了由伞体和弹体组成的末敏弹系统二体运动模型。编制了完整的计算程序。给出了末敏弹扫描角速度、扫描角和扫描曲线随时间的变化,以及扫描覆盖区随高度的变化。计算结果与试验结果有很好的一致性。该模型可进一步用于末敏弹系统的弹道修正、参数优化和弹道模拟。     

基于旋转高频信号注入法的内置式永磁同步电机低速段转子位置检测及其误差补偿

旋转高频信号注入法注入信号较为稳定,且位置估计过程不依赖电机参数,因而十分适用于内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)的零、低速转子位置检测。针对传统高频信号注入法无法辨别磁极的问题,用电压方波注入法检测磁极,结合有限元软件仿真,来合理选取方波电压幅值和时长,有效缩短了磁极判断耗时。分析了滤波器和信号离散化对位置估计精度的影响,提出在低速段可用线段拟合带通滤波器中心频率处的相频特性曲线,推导所需补偿角度与电机转速的关系。在理论分析的基础上,采用基于DSP28335的样机平台进行试验,结果表明磁极判断过程稳定,耗时较短,补偿后的位置估计值相比补偿前有明显改善,调速过程中系统动态性能良好。     

Fundamental (f) oscillations in a magnetically coupled solar interior-atmosphere system – An analytical approach

Solar fundamental (f) acoustic mode oscillations are investigated analytically in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. The model consists of three layers in planar geometry, representing the solar interior, the magnetic atmosphere, and a transitional layer sandwiched between them. Since we focus on the fundamental mode here, we assume the plasma is incompressible. A horizontal, canopy-like, magnetic field is introduced to the atmosphere, in which degenerated slow MHD waves can exist. The global (f-mode) oscillations can couple to local atmospheric Alfvén waves, resulting, e.g., in a frequency shift of the oscillations. The dispersion relation of the global oscillation mode is derived, and is solved analytically for the thin-transitional layer approximation and for the weak-field approximation. Analytical formulae are also provided for the frequency shifts due to the presence of a thin transitional layer and a weak atmospheric magnetic field. The analytical results generally indicate that, compared to the fundamental value ($\omega =\sqrt{\mathit{gk}}$), the mode frequency is reduced by the presence of an atmosphere by a few per cent. A thin transitional layer reduces the eigen-frequencies further by about an additional hundred microhertz. Finally, a weak atmospheric magnetic field can slightly, by a few percent, increase the frequency of the eigen-mode. Stronger magnetic fields, however, can increase the f-mode frequency by even up to ten per cent, which cannot be seen in observed data. The presence of a magnetic atmosphere in the three-layer model also introduces non-permitted propagation windows in the frequency spectrum; here, f-mode oscillations cannot exist with certain values of the harmonic degree. The eigen-frequencies can be sensitive to the background physical parameters, such as an atmospheric density scale-height or the rate of the plasma density drop at the photosphere. Such information, if ever observed with high-resolution instrumentation and inverted, could help to gain further insight into solar magnetic structures by means of solar magneto-seismology, and could provide further insight into the role of magnetism in solar oscillations.     

Design and Optimization of 3D Radial Slot Grain Configuration

Upper stage solid rocket motors (SRMS) for launch vehicles require a highly efficient propulsion system. Grain design proves to be vital in terms of minimizing inert mass by adopting a high volumetric efficiency with minimum possible sliver. In this article, a methodology has been presented for designing three-dimensional (3D) grain configuration of radial slot for upper stage solid rocket motors. The design process involves parametric modeling of the geometry in computer aided design (CAD) software through...     

过载对固体火箭发动机性能影响试验研究(英文)

建立了立式旋转试车台,研究了高过载对固体火箭发动机性能的影响。通过地面静止及不同过载(15gn,15gn;35gn,15gn)条件下点火对比试验,获得固体火箭发动机在不同过载条件下内弹道性能以及绝热层和喉衬的烧蚀规律。试验表明,随着过载增加,发动机压强增大、工作时间缩短;横向与轴向的组合过载恶化了烧蚀环境,使喉衬出现偏心烧蚀。     

特定工况下内嵌钢球欧拉梁碰撞减振性能研究

针对内嵌自主移动钢球欧拉梁碰撞系统,研究了在一复杂工况下内嵌自主移动钢球碰撞阻尼机制对梁残余衰减振动的抑制效果.采用线性弹簧-阻尼模型模拟钢球与梁之间的碰撞机制,通过分析建立了整个碰撞系统的分段线性动力学方程,并运用无量纲化、假设模态法、高阶模态截断等方法导出了系统的状态空间方程.数值计算结果充分表明在此工况下内嵌自主...     

基于CE/SE的飞机救生系统动力装置内弹道性能计算

建立某飞机救生系统动力装置套筒式内弹道物理模型,结合CE/SE方法研究粘性二维两相流的内弹道数学模型,计算其性能参数,并与试验数据进行对比。结果表明：套筒内气体压力随时间变化的试验曲线与计算曲线基本吻合,最大压力pm、出口压力pL、工作时间tL和出口速度vL等内弹道性能参数的计算值与试验值最大偏差小于5%。说明运用CE/SE的方法能更加精确的计算内弹道性能,计算具有的准确性和实用性。