弹道导弹助推段拦截最优制导律设计

针对弹道导弹助推段飞行中加速度大、飞行速度高、拦截反应时间短的特点,研究最优拦截直接碰撞制导律.在建立拦截弹与目标相对运动方程的基础上,以终端脱靶量最小和能量最省为性能指标,设计了空射反导导弹在助推段拦截弹道导弹目标的最优制导律.仿真结果表明,所设计的制导律满足设计指标,达到了直接碰撞杀伤目标的目的,验证了所设计制导律...     

二次燃烧对自力弹射内弹道影响分析

目前弹射所用低温药柱的燃烧平衡产物中含有可燃气体成分,遇初容室内氧气后发生二次燃烧,影响初容室内流场与弹射内弹道特性。为了分析二次燃烧对自力弹射方案内弹道的影响,建立了自力弹射可压缩流动仿真模型,结合有限速率化学反应模型与动网格技术,利用PISO(压力隐式算子分裂法)算法对控制方程进行数值求解。计算结果表明,二次燃烧使得初容室初始压力峰值时刻提前,并影响初始压力峰值大小。仿真分析结果为自力弹射内弹道设计提供了理论参考。     

弹道靶中超高速发射弹的流场及空气动力特性研究

本文描述的是研究爆炸成型发射弹(EFP)模型的流场及超高速空气动力特性所用的弹道试验设备;简要报导了记录全尺寸干涉图形的技术;对径向密度分布再现的方法进行了讨论;在零攻角实验时不同模型的空气动力阻力是采用简化方法来计算的;对各种不同EFP型式的气动稳定性提出了定性估计的方法;并阐述了用于组合体超高速飞行特性研究的数值计算技术的基本原理.     

The ‘Star Wars’ initiative: Problems and prospects

This article examines the long-term ‘Star Wars’ R&D programme initiated by President Reagan - the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). The nature of this initiative and the research programme that has been approved are described. There is still considerable uncertainty over where the SDI research will eventually lead - whether it be a limited BMD system designed to protect military targets or a comprehensive shield to protect the USA and its allies. The feasibility and potential implications of the SDI are examined with this caveat in mind.     

The dynamics of the solar radiative zone

The picture of the solar radiative zone is evolving quickly. This review is separated in two parts. We first recall how the two powerful probes of the solar interior, namely the neutrinos and helioseismology have scrutinized the microscopic properties of the solar radiative plasma. Recent observations stimulate today complementary activities beyond the standard stellar model through theoretical modeling of angular momentum transport by rotation, internal waves or (and) by magnetic fields to get access to the dynamical motions of this important region of the Sun. So in the second part, we summarize the first impact of such processes on the radiative zone.     

Active Region Dynamics

New methods of local helioseismology and uninterrupted time series of solar oscillation data from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) have led to a major advance in our understanding of the structure and dynamics of active regions in the subsurface layers. The initial results show that large active regions are formed by repeated magnetic flux emergence from the deep interior, and that their roots are at least 50 Mm deep. The active regions change the temperature structure and flow dynamics of the upper convection zone, forming large circulation cells of converging flows. The helioseismic observations also indicate that the processes of magnetic energy release, flares and coronal mass ejections, might be associated with strong (1–2 km/s) shearing flows, 4–6 Mm below the surface.     

Recent progress in time–distance helioseismology

Time–distance helioseismology is one of the local helioseismology techniques that are used to derive the interior properties of the Sun. It has been used to study the structures and flow fields beneath sunspots on local scales, as well as used to derive interior rotational rates and meridional flow velocities on global scales. In addition to the efforts in improving time–distance measurements and inversions, theoretical modeling is also carried out to enhance the accuracy of sensitivity kernels. Recently, by use of realistic numerical simulation on solar convection, we have also started to investigate the validity of time–distance studies.     

一种内置式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统的效率优化方法

提出了一种适用于内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)直接转矩控制驱动系统的效率优化方法。基于考虑铁心损耗的IPMSM模型,对电机损耗与运行转速、电磁转矩以及定子磁链三者之间的关系进行了研究分析。根据典型的IPMSM直接转矩控制不使用零电压矢量的特点,对电机功率损耗计算式进行了简化,推导得出在一定运行工况条件下IPMSM的效率最优定子磁链幅值。仿真结果验证了该方法不仅可以保持直接转矩控制动态响应的快速性,而且有效地提高了电机在稳态运行时的效率。     

航空发动机复合材料机匣弹道冲击特性

为获得复合材料作为风扇包容机匣时遭受叶片冲击载荷时的动态响应、损伤与失效模式,在空气炮装置上使用叶片形弹体对Kevlar织物层合板开展了弹道冲击试验,结果发现:复合材料靶板厚度提高25%,复合材料靶板吸收的能量提高约92%;随着叶片弹体速度的增加,复合材料靶板的损伤破坏逐渐严重,从轻微的压痕,转变为横向和纵向裂纹与分层损伤,再转变为矩形穿孔,同时靶板背面出现纤维断裂、纤维拔出与分层失效等现象;在叶片弹体撞击下,靶板上在与弹体接触的局部区域形成鼓胀变形,并在弹体击穿或反弹后发生变形回复;叶片弹体的横滚角将导致叶片的作用范围增大,使得靶板抗冲击性能有所提高。      

电动汽车空调无位置传感器的内置式永磁同步电机控制研究

针对内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)无位置传感器的转子位置和速度估计的难点,提出了一种基于改进定子磁链观测器的转子位置、速度的估计方法。该方法结构简单,涉及电机参数少。通过引入有效磁链概念对IPMSM的电压方程进行等效变换,对两相静止坐标系下的反电动势进行积分。为了抑制反电动势的积分环节带来的积分饱和和直流漂移问题,设计了截止频率可以自动调节的低通滤波器来代替积分器。对于在低速时低通滤波器所带来的磁链幅值衰减和相位超前问题,利用饱和反馈对观测误差进行补偿。最后通过锁相环进行位置的估计。搭建了MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台。仿真表明:该方法能够实现对IPMSM全速度范围内的转子位置的高精度估计。