后掠翼身干扰区流动特性及改善措施研究

利用流动显示及表面压力测量方法研究了后掠翼身干扰区的流动特性,并研究了用小边条等措施改善干扰区的流动特性的效果.结果表明,随着不同机翼后掠角、不同迎角及不同Re数对干扰区流动特性的影响,流态可以从一涡系变成多涡系,由定常变成非定常,而且在一定的Re数以后涡系会紊流化;翼身干扰区上游的的逆压梯度是导致边界层分离的物理原因,利用面积很小的边条可以降低干扰区局部的逆压梯度,可以导致干扰区的旋涡很弱,甚至不出现,这是很有实际意义的.     

激波绕楔形物体的流场分析

使用数值计算方法和数值干涉技术并结合实验干涉图片,分析了激波过拐角绕楔形物体运动的流场.并采用数值彩色干涉技术,将数值计算结果转换为彩色条纹编码的数值干涉图,并与实验干涉图比较,可以辨识过激波发生跳跃后的干涉条纹的位移数,从而确定实验干涉照片的密度场.数值计算采用显式二阶迎风TVD格式.采用数值干涉技术将计算密度场转化成数值干涉图与实验干涉图进行了比较,检验了数值结果的可靠性.数值计算结果显示了包括激波、接触间断和旋涡在内的详细的流场结构,与实验相比,更为细致地刻画了流场演变过程的细节.通过数值计算结果观察到激波传播到旋涡中心附近并没有发生明显耗散,旋涡上半部的激波得到减速,下半部分的激波得到加速.     

State estimate for stochastic systems with dual unknown interference inputs

Stochastic system state estimation subject to the unknown interference input widely exists in many fields, such as the control, communication, signal processing, and fault diagnosis. However, the research results are mostly limited to the stochastic system in which only the dynamic state model or the measurement model concerns the individual unknown interference input, and the state model and the measurement model are both with the same unknown interference input. State estimate of the stochastic systems where the state model and the measurement model contain dual Unknown Interference inputs (dual-UI) with different physical meanings and mathematical definitions is concerned here. Firstly, the decoupling condition with the Unknown Interference input in the State model (S-UI) is shown, which introduces the decoupled system with the adjacent Measurement concerned Unknown Interference inputs (M-UI) appearing in the state model and the measurement model. Then, through defining the Differential term of the adjacent M-UI (M-UID), the equivalent system with only M-UID in the state model is obtained. Finally, considering the design freedom of the equivalent system, the decoupling filter in the minimum mean square error sense and the adaptive minimum upper filter with different applicable conditions are represented to obtain the optimal and sub-optimal state estimate, respectively. Two simulation cases verify the effectiveness and superiority compared with the traditional methods.     

Inverse design of mission success space for combat aircraft contribution evaluation

This paper presents a novel design method of the Mission Success Space (MSS) for the evaluation on aircraft contribution effectiveness. MSS concept was proposed for giving success criterion of a mission and judging the success by conventional mission effectiveness with regards to the aircraft capabilities. This space is created by the Mission Success Function (MSF) and the original Effectiveness Index Space (EIS) where empirical equations are usually assumed to be MSFs. Based on this MSS concept, this paper firstly defines the MSS-based evaluation, then further summarizes the evaluation process of the Contribution to System-of-Systems (CSS). More importantly, based on the thought of Inverse Design (ID), a new design method of MSF is presented comprehensively analyzing aircraft’s CSS in a combat mission without using any empirical MSF. The definition of MSS based ID is given and the design procedure is sequentially introduced. Two different confrontation cases are depicted with many details as the simulation validation: Air-to-ground and Penetration. There are two design variables considered for designing MSS in the latter case while only one for the former. However, in both cases, the best design is given by evaluating the Gaussian fitting performance of CSS.     

电磁式跟踪器磁场畸变的姿态校正技术

电磁式跟踪器可以测量物体的位置和姿态,但其测量精度也容易受金属环境干扰。本文根据电磁跟踪器的工作原理,给出了电磁式跟踪器姿态校正的模型,讨论了两种不同的姿态校正实现方法:插值法和拟合法,比较了两种方法的优缺点。最后,对某一金属环境进行了畸变姿态校正的试验,给出了3个不同的姿态实际值和在此金属环境下的畸变和校正结果。试验结果表明本文提出的姿态校正算法能很好地补偿金属环境引起的电磁式跟踪器姿态的畸变。     

鸭式布局飞机水洞流场显示研究

为探讨鸭式布局飞机全机流场随迎角的演变规律 ,分别对无鸭翼布局与鸭式布局两种情况于北航大水洞进行了染色液流场显示实验。同时 ,为与水洞结果对比分析 ,给出了风洞测力部分结果。鸭式布局模型除鸭翼以外 ,包括机身、基本翼、翼前小边条及垂尾和腹鳍 ,其中鸭翼相对机身负偏 1 0°。显示结果表明 ,对两种布局而言 ,涡系结构都非常复杂。无鸭翼布局的机身涡很强 ,且机身涡对边条涡、翼根涡有明显诱导作用 ,三涡相互绕合并向展向偏折。鸭式布局的机身涡由于鸭翼存在其强度变弱 ,边条涡与翼根涡绕合趋势增强 ,两涡最终合并为单一集中涡并向外翼偏折 ,且其涡核位置较无鸭翼布局更靠近机翼前缘。鸭式布局主翼涡破裂较无鸭翼布局有所延迟 ,但鸭翼自身涡系破裂较早。     

激波过弯道绕流流场(英文)

为了研究微波过弯道的传播，气动中心设计了微波过弯道的实验装置，它很容易拆卸并组成带10°发散的弯道、短形弯道和带各种角度的二元喷嘴。实验所得到的若干照片，对于研究激波反射、绕射与边界的相互作用和对数值模拟的验证是很有用的。     

前缘修形三角翼翼面背风区涡系研究

本文对一组前缘修形三角翼翼面背风区流场进行了实验研究,给出了几种修形三角翼上翼面处空间涡系涡迹及表面流谱,研究了各涡之间的相互干扰。结果表明:使用前缘修形可以在一定程度上避免基本三角翼大迎角时产生的翼面主涡破碎;修形三角翼翼面背风区存在两条较为稳定的涡,两涡间有利干扰将改善翼面处流场。     

跨声速风洞翼型实验洞壁状态的鉴定方法

本文叙述了利用近洞壁处实测的两排静压分布,在不同马赫数和零迎角条件下,对沿轴向分段可变开闭比斜孔壁状态的鉴定方法。计算用小扰动压力方程,鉴定结果与实验分析一致。用两排实测近洞壁处静压分布对洞壁状态做鉴定计算,主要优点是不涉及模型附近的复杂流场,可以采用简单的数学模型;不需要实验模型的描述; 便于向三元推广。     

高速风洞超大迎角试验技术初步研究

大迎角风洞试验技术是先进高机动飞行器研制必需的关键技术。气动中心发展的高速风洞超大迎角试验技术 ,包括大迎角机构、模型、天平等。 1 .2m风洞超大迎角试验结果与 2 .4m量级的大风洞试验数据具有较好的一致性 ,试验精度基本达到了××标准对小迎角试验精度的要求 ,表明 1 .2m风洞超大迎角试验技术研究获得了成功。