特型钝体绕流动态特性的低速实验研究

在低速自由射流风洞上 ,利用热线及相关设备对由半球头部、颈部及旋成体构成的特型钝体周围非定常流动的基本特性、联合特性及湍流度分布进行了测试与分析 ,实验工况为迎角α=- 1 5°～ 1 5°、侧滑角 β =0°～ 1 0°。结果表明 ,在上述工况范围内 ,该钝体周围流场中速度脉动的能量分布平坦 ,属宽频带随机信号 ,流场中没有发生明显的流动分离 ,流场动态品质良好 ;凹陷区内气流的脉动以不同的速度向下游空间传播 ;在上述α、β变化范围内 ,钝体颈部凹陷区的最大湍流度高达 1 0 .9～ 2 4.8%。     

A novel LAAS pseudo-range error over-bound method based on improved pseudo-range error distribution model

The high level of safety demand of civil aviation requests local area augmentation system (LAAS) extremely high navigation integrity performance. A new LAAS pseudo-range error overbound method is proposed in this paper to improve the integrity of LAAS. Firstly, a more practical pseudo-range error distribution model is established. Then, by calculating the relationship between the statistical uncertainty of the model parameter and the integrity risk, a new method is proposed to calculate the pseudo-range error over-bound model. This method can effectively reduce the inflation factor and the resulting conservativeness of the over-bound model. Comparative experiments show that the method proposed in this paper performs better and satisfies the requirements of real applications.     

Robust control for an unmanned helicopter with constrained flapping dynamics

In this paper, a neural network based adaptive prescribed performance control scheme is proposed for the altitude and attitude tracking system of the unmanned helicopter in the presence of state and output constraints. For handling the state constraints, the barrier Lyapunov function and the saturation function are employed. And, the prescribed performance method is used to deal with the flapping angle constraints for the unmanned helicopter. It is proved that the proposed control approach can ensure that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded, and the tracking errors are within the prescribed performance bounds for all time. The numerical simulation is given to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme.     

Loop Models from SOHO Observations

The Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) on SOHO is a grazing/normal incidence spectrograph, aimed to produce stigmatic spectra of selected regions of the solar surface in six spectral windows of the extreme ultraviolet from 150 Å to 785 Å (Harrison et al. 1995). In the present work, CDS, EIT, MDI and Yohkoh observations of active region lops have been analyzed. These observations are part of JOP 54. CDS monochromatic images from lines at different temperatures have been co-aligned with EIT and MDI images, and loop structures have been clearly identified using Fe XVI emission lines. Density sensitive lines and lines from adjacent stages of ionization of Fe ions have been used to measure electron density and temperature along the loop length; these measurements have been used to determine the electron pressure along the loop and test the constant pressure assumption commonly used in loop modeling. The observations have been compared with a static, isobaric loop model (Landini and Monsignori Fossi 1975) assuming a temperature-constant heating function in the energy balance equation. Good agreement is found for the temperature distribution along the loop at the coronal level. The model pressure is somewhat higher than obtained from density sensitive line ratios.     

正常金属与非费米液体间的隧穿

本文先介绍了非费米液体，再利用线性响应理论研究正常金属与非费米液体间的隧道，证明了隧穿电流与电压的关系取决于非费米液体特征，可以不是线性关系。     

直纹二次曲面的实时成像算法

基于二次曲面的等灰度实时成像原理，将二次曲面分成直纹面和非直纹面两类，针对直纹曲面等灰度线的特点，提出了一种非常简洁、有效的二次直纹曲面的实时成像算法。该算法不仅大大提高了这类曲面的成像速度，而且简化了它与其他二次曲面图元拼接形体的实时成像处理过程。     

NexGen燃烧器模型简化方法研究

用于开展防火试验的NexGen燃烧器结构复杂,采用数值模拟方法对其进行研究,建立几何模型时若能对其进行适当简化,能够大大提高计算效率和计算稳定性,达到事半功倍的效果.针对NexGen燃烧器的几何建模提出了两种模型简化的方法:功能分析法和结构分解法,并对这两种方法进行了阐述.结合实验数据说明了功能分析法的有效性,通过对比分析简化模型和未简化模型的计算结果,说明了结构分解法的有效性.结果说明在5％的置信区间内,两种简化方法都是合理的,能够用于后续研究,并且为复杂模型的简化提供了一种新的思路.     

矩形截面电磁流量计分布权值研究与分析

电磁流量计广泛的应用在各种气体，液体等流量测量场合，权值函数表征了流体在管道横截面空间各位置上的流体速度对输出电压信号的相对作用，同时也对应了磁场分布的模型建立要求。本文对矩形和圆形截面的权值分布进行分析和性能比对，提出了对传统圆形结构的改进方向。     

基于流场/声爆耦合伴随方程的超声速公务机声爆优化

基于自主研发的大规模并行结构化网格CFD求解器PMB3D以及并行化伴随方程求解器PADJ3D，开展了流场/声爆伴随方程的求解研究。首先采用标准算例，对内部CFD代码PMB3D软件和声爆预测代码进行了声爆计算可信度验证，以及声爆强度对近场声压梯度的校核。针对并行环境下多块对接网格的近场声压提取操作的复杂性，提出了"包围盒"的方法实现并行环境下近场声压装配单元编号、网格块编号以及对应的进程编号确定，基于声爆计算坐标将并行传递的数据进行一维排序，为声爆预测、伴随方程以及梯度求解提供输入条件。通过线性插值雅克比矩阵实现均匀坐标系梯度信息向非均匀坐标转换，并进一步根据结构化网格特征提出了插值原则，简化了近场声压转换雅克比矩阵的变分。通过装配单元记录，实现声爆强度对流场守恒变量的变分结果向各个进程装配，将装配结果作为流场伴随方程的右端项实现流场声爆耦合伴随方程的求解。此外，对小型超声速公务机开展了声爆优化，对比分析了设计前后的声压及其频谱特性。     

Regional gravity field model in Pakistan area from the combination of CHAMP,GRACE and ground data using least squares collocation: A case study

This study describes a methodology of recovery of the Earth’s gravity field from CHAMP and GRACE satellites data in Pakistan using least squares collocation (LSC) based downward continuation technique. The CHAMP height anomalies and GRACE gravity disturbances derived from the observed satellite data have been used in combination solution using LSC with observed gravity values at the Earth surface. The combined covariance functions of height anomalies and/or gravity disturbances at satellite altitudes and observed gravity anomalies at Earth surface have been used as the basis for combination and downward continuation solution. The variance of predicted gravity anomalies from GRACE gravity disturbances is relatively lower than the corresponding results of gravity anomalies from CHAMP height anomalies. This fact may be attributed partly to the amplification of noise and partly to the unstable inverse transformation process of height anomalies to gravity anomalies. The impact of data error variance has been studied in the context of smoothing and noise reduction in the final solution of downward continuation using least squares collocation. The raising of data error suppresses the noise and as a result a smooth final solution is obtained. The prediction results appear to be dependent on the quality of data and goodness of combined covariance function, which are fairly comparable for the CHAMP and GRACE data. The recovered gravity field from satellite data appears to contribute mainly to medium and long wavelength parts of total gravity field spectrum. Due to flexibility of data handling in least squares collocation, this procedure is applicable to any observable of gravity field being at different altitudes and with different data spacing.