A high-performance ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility for life support system in space

Vegetable cultivation plays a crucial role in dietary supplements and psychosocial benefits of the crew during manned space flight. Here we developed a ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility, named Horn-type Producer (HTP), which was capable of simulating the microgravity effect and the continuous cultivation of leaf–vegetables on root modules. The growth chamber of the facility had a volume of 0.12 m³, characterized by a three-stage space expansion with plant growth. The planting surface of 0.154 m² was comprised of six ring-shaped root modules with a fibrous ion-exchange resin substrate. Root modules were fastened to a central porous tube supplying water, and moved forward with plant growth. The total illuminated crop area of 0.567 m² was provided by a combination of red and white light emitting diodes on the internal surfaces. In tests with a 24-h photoperiod, the productivity of the HTP at 0.3 kW for lettuce achieved 254.3 g eatable biomass per week. Long-term operation of the HTP did not alter vegetable nutrition composition to any great extent. Furthermore, the efficiency of the HTP, based on the Q-criterion, was 7 × 10⁻⁴ g² m⁻³ J⁻¹. These results show that the HTP exhibited high productivity, stable quality, and good efficiency in the process of planting lettuce, indicative of an interesting design for space vegetable production.     

基于DSP和CAN的飞/推综合控制优化计算机设计

从工程应用的角度出发，根据飞／推综合控制技术对计算能力和数据通信能力的要求，提出基于DSP和CAN总线的飞／推综合控制优化计算机设计方案。优化计算机实时接收飞机和发动机的信息，利用内嵌的优化模块，对发动机控制指令进行校正，使飞机和发动机的整体性能达到最优。论文阐述了优化计算机的软硬件设计方法，并通过基于优化计算机的飞／推综合控制半物理仿真试验，验证了优化计算机的设计方案是可行的。     

电液伺服泵的分数阶无抖振滑模控制

电液伺服泵（IEHSP）由于在结构上实现了伺服电机和液压泵共转子、共壳体高度融合,在体积、噪声和效率等方面具有明显优势,具有很好的应用前景。为了提高电液伺服泵的调速性能与抗扰能力,设计了一种新型分数阶滑模控制器（NFOSMC）。首先,由于分数阶微积分理论的引入,控制器为系统提供了更多的控制余度。然后,针对传统滑模控制中存在的抖振问题,通过设计使控制器中直接包含有切换项的分数阶积分项,利用其滤波特性可以有效滤除抖振,实现无抖振滑模控制。同时利用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了控制器可以保证系统在存在内扰与外扰时能够在有限时间内收敛于平衡点,另外控制器中避免了含有高阶分数阶微分项,扩大了分数阶阶数的取值范围。为了进一步提高抗扰能力,设计了分数阶扰动观测器（FODOB）,对系统内扰和外扰实时观测并补偿,有效提高了控制器的响应速度和刚度。最后,分别与PI控制、整数阶滑模控制器（IOSMC）和传统分数阶滑模控制器（CFOSMC）进行了仿真分析比较,结果表明该控制器能够有效改善速度跟踪性能和增强抗扰能力,消抖效果显著。      

AADL2ECPN模型转换方法及其在IMA上的应用

在综合模块化航空电子（IMA）系统应用集成的过程中,对IMA系统的资源配置建模和安全性分析至关重要。首先利用模型转换的方法,提出一套从架构分析和设计语言（AADL）模型到扩展着色Petri 网（ECPN）模型的转换规则,将AADL模型转换为ECPN模型,并且确保在模型转换过程中不丢失任何关键资源建模元素;然后基于目标模型进行后续的安全性分析研究;最后用一个简单例子演示如何应用提出的模型转换方法。结果表明,AADL2ECPN模型转换方法分析IMA系统安全性的可行性。      

飞行综合控制系统空战决策方法

控制决策方法是飞机综合控制系统根据空战对策状态、双方的运动及性能参数等信息产生出机动策略的一种数学方法,是飞机综合控制系统决策层数学模型的重要组成。以空战攻防力学准则建立起的捕获临界条件作为评价函数,采用矩阵博弈数学方法求出离散化机动策略。主要内容：相对运动方程的建立;矩阵博弈策略算法;评价函数的建立等。     

Conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system containing crops and silkworms

This article summarizes a conceptual design of a bioregenerative life support system for permanent lunar base or planetary exploration. The system consists of seven compartments – higher plants cultivation, animal rearing, human habitation, water recovery, waste treatment, atmosphere management, and storages. Fifteen kinds of crops, such as wheat, rice, soybean, lettuce, and mulberry, were selected as main life support contributors to provide the crew with air, water, and vegetable food. Silkworms fed by crop leaves were designated to produce partial animal nutrition for the crew. Various physical-chemical and biological methods were combined to reclaim wastewater and solid waste. Condensate collected from atmosphere was recycled into potable water through granular activated carbon adsorption, iodine sterilization, and trace element supplementation. All grey water was also purified though multifiltration and ultraviolet sterilization. Plant residue, human excrement, silkworm feces, etc. were decomposed into inorganic substances which were finally absorbed by higher plants. Some meat, ingredients, as well as nitrogen fertilizer were prestored and resupplied periodically. Meanwhile, the same amount and chemical composition of organic waste was dumped to maintain the steady state of the system. A nutritional balanced diet was developed by means of the linear programming method. It could provide 2721 kcal of energy, 375.5 g of carbohydrate, 99.47 g of protein, and 91.19 g of fat per capita per day. Silkworm powder covered 12.54% of total animal protein intakes. The balance of material flows between compartments was described by the system of stoichiometric equations. Basic life support requirements for crews including oxygen, food, potable and hygiene water summed up to 29.68 kg per capita per day. The coefficient of system material closure reached 99.40%.     

计算机辅助工艺设计(CAPP)技术在航天器总装中的应用

随着航天器批量化生产要求的提出,文章针对多年来一直沿用的航天器总装工艺设计的不足,将计算机辅助工艺设计技术引入总装工艺设计,并阐述了基本模块的设置,包括：工艺会签的管理、工艺文件的编制、现场生产的指导和信息交互系统,给出了适合总装生产过程的基本框架。希望通过引入信息化技术、提高工艺设计水平和生产效率。     

三维攻击角度约束部分制导控制一体化设计

针对侧滑转弯(STT)导弹带有攻击角度约束的机动目标拦截问题,提出一种基于自适应终端滑模动态面控制的三维部分制导控制一体化(PIGC)设计方法。首先,建立了针对机动目标拦截的侧滑转弯导弹三维部分制导控制一体化设计模型,且不需要导弹速度微分体轴系分量信息。然后,使用终端滑模控制理论构建误差向量与虚拟控制量,达成精确拦截与攻击角度约束的控制目的;引入有限时间非线性收敛扩张状态观测器(ESO)来在线估计系统不确定性;设计自适应算子与自适应更新律对观测器的估计误差进行补偿,以提高方法的鲁棒性。最后,三维空间拦截仿真校验了方法在提高拦截精度与增强角度约束收敛性能的有效性。     

波音健康管理工程环境浅析

健康管理工程环境(HMEE)是由项目分析与建模环境、开发环境、使用环境等三部分构成的一个开放式健康管理集成与实验平台,将来自于工业部门、学术界以及政府技术基地的健康管理技术集成起来,转化成成熟、实用的飞行器综合健康管理(IVHM)系统.本文简要介绍了构成HMEE的三部分的目标和功能,以及所提供的相关工具、技术和过程.     

智能天地一体化网络的卫星跟踪测控技术综述

随着卫星互联网和我国航天测控技术的不断进步,航天测控网络朝着智能化、一体化的方向发展,在自主测控、资源分配等方面进展良好。因此,建立智能天地一体化的航天测控网是我国航天未来发展的重要目标。针对智能航天测控网中的跟踪测轨、遥测和遥控三个方面,分别介绍了相关原理与技术。同时,结合CCSDS提出的空间数据链路标准协议详细介绍了TM、TC、AOS、Proximity-1以及USLP标准,分析了不同标准所使用的技术与实际应用。本文从数据链路层和物理层的角度介绍了智能航天测控系统的工作原理及技术要求,为我国智能天地一体化卫星测控通信网的研究提供参考并予以展望。