合成电阻在发动机控制半物理仿真接口模拟器中的应用

将电子合成电阻技术应用于半物理仿真接口模拟器中,以模拟热电阻传感器。在提高电阻合成精度、扩展桥压范围、提高极性适应能力、多通道之间的隔离以及非线性特性拟合等方面提出了有效的解决办法。经过实验标定,证明该合成电阻具有0.02Ω的稳态精度,并且在程序的控制下具有良好的动态电阻模拟能力,可以满足航空发动机控制半物理仿真试验的需要。      

Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan

The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R _S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm² sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5^∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm² sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm² sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm² sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R _S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R _S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

热处理对大气等离子喷涂纳米结构YSZ热障涂层晶粒长大的影响

采用大气等离子喷涂制备了纳米结构氧化钇稳定的氧化锆热障涂层。运用SEM ,TEM和XRD等方法研究了涂层和原料粉末的微观结构和相组成。结果表明 ,喷涂过程中平均晶粒大小由4 0nm变为 6 7nm ,涂层主要由亚稳四方相组成。涂层热处理结果显示 ,90 0℃以下晶粒长大速度缓慢 ,然而 1 0 0 0℃以上晶粒长大速度迅速增加 ,而且出现较多的单斜相     

导弹蒙皮红外辐射特性的数值计算与分析

采用逆向蒙特卡罗(RMC)计算方法,在给定的飞行状态下分别计算出亚声速与超声速导弹蒙皮辐射源在不同方位角的2～μm、8～14 μm波段红外光谱辐射强度及强度场分布.结果表明:对亚声速导弹,相对于8～14 μm,其2～μm的辐射可忽略不计;对超声速导弹,相对于2～μm,其8～14 μm的辐射只有0%左右,但其绝对值较大而不可忽略不计.导弹的红外辐射在0°～90°探测位置内增加,在90°～180°内减小.大气对低空亚声速导弹辐射衰减作用强,对高空超声速导弹辐射衰减作用弱.超声速导弹的最大辐射强度是亚声速的18倍.      

固体火箭发动机对交变环境温度瞬态响应的研究

在阐述了环境温度方程、传热方程和粘弹性本构关系的基础上,用有限元法求解了固体火箭发动机对交变环境温度的温度和应力响应,给出了发动机中的温度分布和应力分布,得出了发动机中危险部位和危险季节的结论。     

基于红外传感器智能车的设计与实现

目的结合飞思卡尔全国智能车大赛,介绍一种基于红外反射式光电传感器路径识别的智能车控制系统;方法利用10路红外光电传感器构成光电传感器阵列采集路面信息,采用霍尔式速度传感器采集小车速度信息;结果单片机获得路径信息和车速信息后,用以控制智能车的舵机转向,同时对电机进行调速,实现智能车沿着既定的跑道自主运行;结论试验证明,系统能够较好地满足智能车对路径识别和稳定性的要求,具备一定的抗干扰能力,能够快速平稳地自动寻迹行驶。     

Investigation on Thermal Contact Conductance Based on Data Analysis Method of Reliability

The method of reliability is proposed for the investigation of thermal contact conductance (TCC) in this study. A new definition is introduced, namely reliability thermal contact conductance (RTCC), which is defined as the TCC value that meets the reliability design requirement of the structural materials under consideration. An experimental apparatus with the compensation heater to test the TCC is introduced here. A practical engineering example is utilized to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. By using a statistical regression model along with experimental data obtained from the interfaces of the structural materials GH4169 and K417 used in aero-engine, the estimate values and the confidence level of TCC and RTCC values are studied and compared. The results show that the testing values of TCC increase with interface pressure and the proposed RTCC model matches the test results better at high interface pressure.     

脉冲热像法在航空复合材料构件无损检测中的应用

对红外热像检测技术的原理、特点和国内外应用状况作了简单的介绍,对闪光灯激励脉冲热像法中影响检测的主要参数进行了分析,并针对多种常见的复合材料构件进行了检测研究.研究结果表明:对于薄蒙皮的泡沫夹层结构件和蜂窝夹层结构件,闪光灯激励脉冲热像法能够给出清晰的检测结果和丰富的构件内部信息,可以检测出脱粘缺陷、损伤和蜂窝积水,能够用于雷达罩的在役检测.闪光灯激励脉冲热像法适于检测厚度较薄的层合板构件.     

温度梯度环境中潜艇尾流热特征的试验研究

改进了用于实验室热尾流测量的温度测量系统,提高了系统的集成度和抗干扰能力。在水槽中实验研究了螺旋桨推进潜艇模型在有、无温度分层流体中尾流的热特征,得到两种条件下尾流的温度分布和信号衰减规律,分析了两种尾流信号的形成机理及其影响因素,表明在温度分层环境中＂冷尾流＂信号对探测和识别水下航行的潜艇更为有利,所得结果可为红外反潜和潜艇红外隐身提供更加切合实际的理论支撑。     

纹影技术中光源的选择与设计方法

在纹影技术应用过程中,纹影光源的性能一定程度上决定了拍摄结果的优劣。不同种类的光源,得到的拍摄效果不同,对于某种特定拍摄需求,光源的选择和设计也不同。如何选择和设计合适的纹影光源,对于最终拍摄结果的好坏至关重要。结合纹影技术在工程实际中的应用,分析了不同被测对象对光源的需求,总结了几种常见光源的应用情况及其特点,提供了一种光源参数设计的方法。在实验室典型超声速自由射流流场测量中,对卤钨灯、氙灯和激光3种纹影光源的应用进行了对比分析。所提出的纹影光源的选择与设计方法,具有一定的工程实验参考价值。