约束条件下垂直着月窗口设计

用双二体模型和最新的星历表数据,给出了奔月过程中的光照、测控和轨道运动学等约束条件下月球探测器通过停泊轨道中转垂直着月的窗口,以及停泊轨道和地月转移轨道的运动学参数的确定方法,并进行了仿真计算。分析表明,该方法可快速计算探测器发射窗口,为精确轨道设计的搜索提供初始条件。     

航天器多功能结构传热特性的实验研究

针对航天器结构高性能、轻质化和集成化的发展要求,设计了集电路控制,热管理功能和结构承载功能于一体的多功能结构。此种结构分别采用柔性电路板控制热仿真多芯片模块,作为多功能结构的热源;碳碳材料作为热倍增器;复合材料蒙皮和金属泡沫芯子的夹层结构作为承载结构,实现了结构和功能的集成。同时,为了研究多功能结构的传热特性,进行了热真空实验,实验测量了热流密度和温度梯度。结果表明这种新型的结构可以消散飞行器多芯片模块产生的热量,碳碳热倍增提供了一种减小温度梯度的新方法,同时这种多功能结构减少了结构的体积,降低了结构的质量。     

氧化剂质量通量对固液火箭发动机中固体燃料退移速率的影响

针对采用硝酸/HTPB型推进荆的固液混合火箭发动机,采取数值方法研究了氧化剂质量通量对固体燃料热解表面退移速率及换热的影响.研究表明,固体燃料热解表面轴向平均对流换热热流密度、总热流密度以及退移速率与氧化荆质量通量的n次方近似成正比,n的值介于0.6～0.7之间;固体燃料热解表面的辐射换热热流密度近似与氧化刺质量通量成正比;随着氧化剂质量通量的增加,辐射换热占总换热量的比例逐渐增加,增加幅度逐渐减小.     

三维编织支架底板RTM工艺研究

基于有限元/控制体积法模拟了三维编织支架底板树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺的充模过程,预测了不同注入口的数量和位置对干点的影响,比较分析了注入口的数量和位置、注入压强及树脂粘度对充模时间的影响,按照优化的工艺参数制造了三维编织支架底板复合材料构件,用超声波无损检测验证了渗透情况。结果表明,通过底板超声衰减强度的损失较小,图像法测量空隙含量为0.93%。     

基于自适应的变形式陆空机器人转域过程飞行控制

针对一种变形式四旋翼陆空两栖机器人，研究空陆转域飞行控制方法，为实现陆空机器人从空中到地面的连续机动奠定了基础。建立了等效于变形式四旋翼陆空两栖机器人的飞行及转域系统结构模型和动力学模型，针对转域变形过程中转动惯量的改变及复杂飞行环境中负载变化和机体质量受损问题，在设计了基于线性二次型调节器（LQR）算法的姿态控制器和基于比例-积分-微分（PID）算法的高度控制器基础上，设计加入模型参考自适应系统（MRACS）解决模型参数不确定性问题。利用Adams/MATLAB联合仿真，首先得到空陆转域变形角度的极限值，然后对比仿真有无自适应补偿器的控制效果验证了该控制方法的高效性。研制了转域飞行样机，对空陆转域变形角度极限值和飞行控制方法进行了试验验证。     

学科集群对中国经济发展影响分析

近年来,我国经济发展迅速,成为世界经济增长的主要引擎.但是我国经济发展的深层次矛盾依然存在,资源利用率低、产业结构不合理、环境污染等问题已经严重影响到经济的健康发展.因此增强自主创新能力,加快科技创新,依靠科技兴国已经成为解决上述问题的有力途径.学科集群伴随着产业集群的发展壮大应运而生,是科技创新的新力军.文章首先介绍了学科集群的内涵和特征,然后分别从学科集群对区域经济发展、区域新型工业化发展和新型城镇化建设中的作用,探讨了对我国经济发展的影响.     

AB beam propulsion for interplanetary flights

The author offers a revolutionary method—non-rocket transfer of energy and thrust into Space with a distance of millions of kilometers. The author has developed the theory and made the computations. The method is more efficient than transmission of energy by high-frequency waves. The method may be used for space launch and for accelerating the spaceship and probes for very high speeds, up to a relativistic speed by the current technology. The research also contains prospective projects which illustrate the possibilities of the suggested method.     

卫星光学遥感系统优化设计与像质评价探讨

介绍了卫星光学遥图像获取与图像处理一体化优化设计的思路；运用通用像质方程（GIQE）对于利用小相对孔径光学系统和调制传递函数补偿（MTFC）方法得到的图像的品质与利用相对较大相对孔径光学系统得到的图像的品质进行了对比分析。     

Optimal guidance based on receding horizon control for low-thrust transfer to libration point orbits

This paper addresses the design and computation of a guidance law for a transfer mission from an orbit near the Earth to a halo orbit around the libration point L₂ in the Sun–Earth system. The guidance law, which is designed based on receding horizon control and compensates for launch velocity errors that are introduced by inaccuracies of the launch vehicle, is solved using the generating function method. During the design of the closed-loop guidance law, the entire transfer mission, which is considered a nonlinear optimal control problem, is evaluated to obtain a nominal reference trajectory. Using the launch velocity errors and the uncertainty of the model, a spacecraft controlled by the proposed guidance law tracks the reference trajectory. Furthermore, the original Riccati differential equation in the receding horizon control algorithm is replaced by an equivalent convenient form of the Riccati differential equation that is based on the generating function. The high-efficiency solution of the equivalent equation avoids the online direct integration of the original Riccati differential equation, which significantly increases the computational efficiency for the receding horizon control problem. Numerical simulations using a nonlinear bicircular four-body model demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed receding horizon guidance law for the transfer mission. In addition, the generating function method improves the computational efficiency by at least one order of magnitude over the backward sweep method in solving the receding horizon control problem.     

Space technology transfer: Spin-off cases from Japan

Government organizations have to justify high expenditure during periods of financial crisis such as the one we are experiencing today. Space agencies have attempted to increase the returns on their investments in space missions by encouraging the commercial use of advanced technologies. This paper describes two technology transfer (TT) cases promoted by JAXA, in order to identify the organizational models and determinants of TT. The development of a TT process from space to Earth not only benefits the aerospace industry but also the network of national companies. The aim of the paper is to investigate who the actors are and the nature of their role, as well as the determinants of the TT process in the Japanese space sector. The case studies confirm the typical path of transfer as ‘Earth–space–Earth’.