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371.
通过对某真实客机座舱进行建模,使用计算流体力学(CFD)的方法计算出不同个人通风送风温度下座舱内的温度场和流场分布。然后提取乘客头部区域温度与试验结果进行对比,验证模拟的可信度。最后结合基于人体平均皮肤温度的热舒适评价方法,对不同个人通风送风温度情况下的乘客舒适性进行研究。结果表明:不同个人通风送风温度对乘客头部区域温度影响较小,随着个人通风送风温度从7℃上升到14℃,乘客头部区域温度变化不超过0.8℃。不同个人通风送风温度对乘客平均皮肤温度以及热舒适性的影响较小,随着个人通风送风温度从7℃上升到14℃,目标乘客平均皮肤温度上升0.33℃。 相似文献
372.
Guannan WANG 《中国航空学报》2019,32(2):382-395
The elasticity-based Locally Exact Homogenization Theory (LEHT) is extended to study the mechanical-hygrothermal behaviors of unidirectionally-reinforced composites. Based on the framework developed previously, thermal and moisture effects are incorporated into the LEHT to study the homogenized and localized responses of heterogeneous materials, which are validated using available analytical and numerical techniques. The LEHT programs are then encapsulated as subroutines with Input/Output (I/O) interfaces, to be readily applied in different computational scenarios. In order to illustrate the efficiency of the LEHT, the theory is firstly coupled to the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm in order to minimize the axial thermal expansion mismatch in hexagonal and square fiber arrays by tailoring the fiber volume fraction. The LEHT is then implemented into the lamination theory to study fabrication-induced residual stresses arising during the cool-down process which introduces local laminate stresses owing to thermo-mechanical property mismatch between plies. Both of these applications illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the LEHT in generating effective properties and local stress distributions, making the theory a golden standard in validating other analytical or numerical techniques as well as a reliable tool in composite design and practice for professionals and non-professionals alike. 相似文献
373.
C. Martinis J. Baumgardner J. Wroten M. Mendillo 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(7):1636-1651
Optical signatures of ionospheric disturbances exist at all latitudes on Earth—the most well known case being visible aurora at high latitudes. Sub-visual emissions occur equatorward of the auroral zones that also indicate periods and locations of severe Space Weather effects. These fall into three magnetic latitude domains in each hemisphere: (1) sub-auroral latitudes ~40–60°, (2) mid-latitudes (20–40°) and (3) equatorial-to-low latitudes (0–20°).Boston University has established a network of all-sky-imagers (ASIs) with sites at opposite ends of the same geomagnetic field lines in each hemisphere—called geomagnetic conjugate points. Our ASIs are autonomous instruments that operate in mini-observatories situated at four conjugate pairs in North and South America, plus one pair linking Europe and South Africa. In this paper, we describe instrument design, data-taking protocols, data transfer and archiving issues, image processing, science objectives and early results for each latitude domain. This unique capability addresses how a single source of disturbance is transformed into similar or different effects based on the unique “receptor” conditions (seasonal effects) found in each hemisphere. Applying optical conjugate point observations to Space Weather problems offers a new diagnostic approach for understanding the global system response functions operating in the Earth’s upper atmosphere. 相似文献
374.
《中国航空学报》2023,36(7):505-517
The mechanical behavior of plain woven Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites under Three-Point Bending (TPB) is investigated via experimental and numerical approaches. Multiscale models, including microscale, mesoscale and macroscale models, have been developed to characterize the TPB strength and damages. Thereinto, Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) of the microscale and mesoscale structures are established to determine the effective properties of carbon-fiber yarn and CFRP composites, respectively. Aimed at accurately and efficiently predicting the TPB behavior, an Equivalent Cross-Ply Laminate (ECPL) cell is proposed to simplify the inherent woven architecture, and the effective properties of the subcell are computed using a local homogenization approach. The macroscale model of the TPB specimen is constructed by a topology structure of ECPL cells to predict the mechanical behavior. The TPB experiments have been performed to validate the multiscale models. Both the experimental and numerical results reveal that delamination mainly appears in the top and bottom interfaces of the CFRP laminates. And matrix cracking and delamination are identified as the significant damage modes during the TPB process. Finally, the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of plain woven composites are discussed by comparing the results of Low-Velocity Impact (LVI) and TPB simulations. 相似文献
以5A06和2A12铝合金为研究对象,研究了Al-Mg和Al-Cu合金在硫酸-己二酸中阳极氧化行为及其氧化膜的电化学性能,分析合金相对铝合金阳极氧化膜层结构以及耐蚀性的影响.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)进行表面形貌观察,采用动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)进行膜层的电化学性能评价.结果表明:2A12铝合金恒电压阳极氧化过程中出现两个电流峰值,这说明含铜相的溶解会影响阳极氧化过程;2A12铝合金膜层孔洞不规整,连通现象严重,含铜相的富集促进了氧气的产生,影响了氧化膜的微观结构;相同浸泡时间下,5A06铝合金氧化膜自腐蚀电位更高,自腐蚀电流更低,具有较高的耐蚀性,这是由于Al-Cu合金的孔隙率要比Al-Mg合金高. 相似文献
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