GPS接收机天线相位中心变化对基线解的影响

GPS接收机天线相位中心变化与卫星信号的入射方向有关，因此相位中心变化对基线解的影响还与参加解算的卫星个数及卫星的几何分布有关。在考虑卫星几何分布情况下，首先研究了相位中心变化对单个点位坐标的影响，然后推导了相位中心变化引起的基线矢量的偏差计算公式。此计算公式综合考虑了各种引起天线相位中心变化的因素，如天线的类型、天线的安置误差、卫星的几何分布、卫星个数等。最后，给出了具体算例，并给出了减弱这种影响的方法。     

COMPARISON OF THE EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF VORTEX CONTROL BY DEFLECTING FLAPS ON A HIGHLY SWEPT DELTA WING

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燃气流量可控的固体火箭冲压发动机燃气发生器动态特性

燃气流量可控的燃气发生器与燃气流量恒定的燃气发生器工作特性具有较大差异,燃气流量可控的燃气发生器是一个非最小相位系统。推导建立了燃气流量可控的燃气发生器的小扰动线性化动态模型,并基于此模型分析了燃气发生器负调特性的影响因素及燃气发生器系统的频率特性,得到了燃气发生器系统增益及时间常数随燃气发生器自由容积及燃气调节阀阀门面积的变化关系。研究表明,燃气发生器具有变参数特性。     

Seasonal variability of GPS-VTEC and model during low solar activity period (2006–2007) near the equatorial ionization anomaly crest location in Chinese zone

Variability of vertical TEC recorded at Fuzhou (26.1°N, 119.3°E, geomagnetic latitude 14.4°N), Xiamen (24.5°N, 118.1°E, geomagnetic latitude 13.2°N), Nanning (22.8°N, 108.3°E, geomagnetic latitude 11.4°N), China, during the low solar activity in 2006–2007 have been analyzed and discussed. Remarkable seasonal anomaly was found over three stations with the highest value during spring and the lowest value during summer. The relative standard deviation of VTEC is over 20% all the time, with steady and smooth variation during daytime while it has a large fluctuation during nighttime. The biggest correlation coefficient was found in the VTEC-sunspot pair with a value of over 0.5. It seems that solar activity has a better correlation ship than geomagnetic activity with the variation of VTEC and better correlations are found with more long-term data when comparing our previous study. The results of comparing observation with model prediction in three sites reveal again that the SPIM model overestimates the measured VTEC in the low latitude area.     

Satellite derived aerosol optical depth climatology over Bangalore,India

Climatological aerosol optical depths (AOD) over Bangalore, India have been examined to bring out the temporal heterogeneity in columnar aerosol characteristics. AOD values at 550 nm derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor onboard NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites, for the period of 2002–2011 have been analyzed (independently) for the purpose. Frequency distributions of the AOD values are examined to infer the monthly mean values. Monthly and seasonal variations of AOD are investigated in the light of regional synoptic meteorology. Climatological monthly and seasonal mean Terra and Aqua AOD values exhibited similar temporal variation patterns. Monthly mean AOD values increased from January, peaks during May and thereafter (except for a secondary peak during July) fall off to reach a minimum during December. Monsoon season recorded the highest climatological seasonal mean AOD, while winter season recorded the lowest. AOD values show an overall increasing trend on a yearly basis, which was found mainly due to sustained increase in the seasonal averaged AOD during summer. The results obtained in the present study are compared with that of the earlier studies over the same location and also with AOD over various other Indian locations. Finally, the radiative and climatic impacts are discussed.     

The development of focusing optics for the hard-X-ray region

Grazing-incidence optics has revolutionized soft-X-ray astronomy yet the scientifically important hard-X-ray region has gone relatively unexplored at high sensitivity and fine angular scales. This situation is now changing with several flight-ready balloon-borne focusing telescopes and planned satellite-borne observatories. This review discusses some of the developments in mirror and focal plane technologies that are making these payloads possible.     

纵向DFBWS性能变化对飞机着陆特性的影响

以一个装备纵向数字电传操纵系统某验证机为实例，采用时域对比法，分析研究了该机在进场着陆情况下，系统中某些反馈信号失效和某些非线性特性值发生变化对纵向着陆特性的影响，从而得出一些对新机研制和即将驾驶ＤＦＢＷＳ飞机的驾驶员有参考价值的结论。     

六轴联动电火花加工电极的动态规划

本文提出了一种加工复杂构型的整体涡轮通道的创新思路，首先依据求解最优控制理论的现代变分法建立了电极成形运动的变分模型，根据动态规划原理提出了这一类变分问题的数值解法，并运用实例验证了所提出的这一创新思想的可行性及有效性。     

民用客机后机身外形设计研究

CC-200是一款单通道、中程大型民用客机。CC-200民用客机具有大展弦比、小后掠角、相对较低的巡航速度等技术特点。CC-200的后机身的外形长度为6.458 m,上掠角为12°,与地面水平线的最小间隙值为0.15 m。后机身外形及其它部段的外形采用CATIA V5软件建立了三维数模,后机身采用ESDU 80006和ESDU7011中的方法进行阻力增量的计算、评估。计算表明,在机身迎角一定的情况下,后机身阻力增量随着上掠角的增大而增大。     

An experimental method for squealer tip flow field considering relative casing motion

Squealer tip is widely used in turbines to reduce tip leakage loss. In typical turbine environment, the squealer tip leakage flow is affected by multiple factors such as the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles. The development of experimental methods which can accurately model the real turbine environment and influencing factors is of great significance to study the squealer tip leakage flow mechanism. In the present paper, a low-speed turbine cascade test facility which can model the relative casing motion and wide range of variable incidence angles (−25° to 55°) is built. Based on the similarity criteria, a high-low speed similarity transformation method of the turbine cascade is established by considering the thickness of the turbine blade. A combined testing method of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and local pressure measurement is proposed to obtain the complex flow structures within the tip cavity. The results show that the experimental method can successfully model the relative casing motion and the wide range of variable incidence angles. The low-speed cascade obtained by the similarity transformation can model the high-speed flow accurately. The measurement technique developed can obtain the complex flow field and successfully capture the scraping vortex within the squealer tip.