脉冲爆轰发动机第一和第二次循环的数值模拟

对脉冲爆轰发动机两次循环工作过程进行轴对称数值模拟,考虑了包含19个基元反应和9种组份的H2-O2-N2详细化学反应动力学机理,通过改进的ISAT方法(动态自适应建表)减少反应化学的计算时间.数值结果显示了脉冲爆轰发动机充气,起爆,卸压和再充气的循环工作过程.根据数值计算结果,详细地讨论了两次循环管内、外流场的结构间的差异.两次循环中管内、外流场结构的差异又导致二者推力和冲量的不同.     

错频叶盘结构的概率模态局部化特性分析

以典型压气机叶盘结构为例,提出了实际错频结构的有限元建模方法,并考虑了随机加工误差的影响,定义了一种基于叶片应变能的模态局部化因子,基于ANSYS有限元和Monte Carlo数值计算,定量分析评价了错频叶盘结构固有频率和模态振型局部化的统计特性.研究表明,错频失谐会引起显著的振动局部化,叶盘错频设计中需要综合考虑结构的失谐振动局部化和气弹稳定性两方面.      

北斗卫星导航系统空间信号用户测距误差计算方法研究

按照空间信号用户测距误差（UserRangeError,URE）定义,参考GPS标准定位服务性能规范中URE的计算方法,结合北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）多星混合星座类型,在考虑仰角限制情况下,详细推导了适用于BDS的瞬时URE和均方根URE计算公式。利用广播星历和精密星历计算的卫星轨道误差和卫星钟钟差,带入所推导的公式,对BDSURE进行分析评估;并使用GNSS接收机原始观测量和伪距观测方程计算BDSURE,最后将两种计算结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,两种方法BDSURE的计算结果基本一致,在95%置信度情况下均小于2.5m,满足北斗公开服务性能规范中对空间信号URE的基本要求。     

回旋波共振加热加速的多重离子流体模型

在回旋波共振准线性理论基础上建立了自恰描述质子和氧离子各向异性温度和整体速度的双离子流体模型,求得数值解,并与UVCS观测相比较.发现在波谱斜率固定的假设下,模型的数值结果虽然与观测有相同趋势,但不能在误差范围之内解释全部观测现象.进一步的研究需要考虑波谱形状的自洽演化.     

Introducing the law games: Predicting legal liability and fault in satellite operations

Over recent times there has been a rise in the number of objects placed into Earth orbit. With various countries licensing a number of large constellations, the orbital population is set to increase dramatically. A significant number of technical advances have facilitated this and, in the UK and elsewhere, this has been matched by the updating of legislation and an increased policy focus on the need for increased space surveillance and tracking. The rise of large constellations coupled with an increasing number of experimental techniques such as active debris removal or on-orbit servicing procedures means that establishing fault will be crucial if litigation is to be successful. In doing this, any legal proceedings will look at both norms of behaviour, deviation from which will point towards fault and the types and standard of evidence that will be required.This paper will outline these problems in detail. It will be proposed that what is required to map out the contours of liability are both codification of the norms for satellite operations and clarity on protocols for evidence gathering in cases where fault may be contested in orbital operations. This discussion will identify that a way in which this could be achieved is by the use of “space law games”. These are simulations, similar to military war games, in which fictional scenarios could highlight some of the key legal issues that might need to be dealt with. The paper will outline some of the ways in which the law games might work and pose questions as to what data and other considerations will be needed to make such simulations meaningful.     

Effect of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation under mild and hydrothermal conditions in related to chemical evolution of proteins

The role of condensation agents and minerals for oligopeptide formation was inspected to see whether minerals possess catalytic activity under mild and hydrothermal conditions. Under mild conditions, oligopeptide formation from negatively charged amino acids (Asp and Glu) using different minerals and the elongation of alanine oligopeptides ((Ala)₂–(Ala)₅) were attempted using apatite minerals. Oligo(Asp) up to 10 amino acid units from Asp were observed in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide (EDC). Notable influence of minerals was not detected for the oligo(Asp) formation. Oligo(Asp) was gradually degraded by the further incubation in the presence of EDC in both the absence and presence of minerals. The formation of oligo(Glu) was less efficient in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole. The elongation from (Ala)₃, (Ala)₄, and (Ala)₅ and the formation of diketopiperazine from (Ala)₂ proceeded immediately in the presence of EDC in the meantime of the sample preparations. In addition, it was unexpected that the disappearance of the products and the reformation of the reactants occurred by the further incubation for 24 h; for instance, (Ala)₅ decreased but (Ala)₄ increased with increasing the reaction time in the reaction of (Ala)₄ with EDC. These facts suggest that the activation of the reactant amino acids or peptides immediately occurs. Under the simulated hydrothermal conditions, EDC did not enhance the formation of oligopeptides from Asp, Glu or Ala nor the spontaneous formation of (Ala)₅ from (Ala)₄.     

反推力装置实现空中飞机减速及地面倒车滑行的应用

涡扇运输机利用反推力装置实现空中减速功能和地面倒车滑行功能,可提高军用飞机安全性、自主保障型性和机场适用能力。国外只有少数飞机具有该2项功能,对其设计需求、使用特点、系统设计和安全措施进行了分析,总结了为实现该2项功能在飞机气动和机翼、飞行控制、发动机进气、舱压控制等设计方面需注意的问题。最后给出设计和使用这项功能的建议。     

低速风洞绳牵引并联机器人支撑系统的模型姿态与振荡控制研究

介绍了基于机器人技术的绳牵引并联机构的特点;设计并建造了适用于低速风洞试验的八绳六自由度绳牵引并联支撑机构样机(WDPSS-8),给出其具体的结构参数,分析了该机构的特点及可行性;建立了该系统的运动学位姿逆解模型和静力学模型,完成了运动学逆解的推导,得到已知缩比模型位姿求绳长变化的公式;搭建了相应的绳牵引并联机构的控制实验平台,在此基础上进行了静力学工作空间的分析,通过 Matlab 编程仿真得到了缩比模型在主位姿处3个姿态角的工作空间;并在此实验平台上进行了缩比模型的三转动自由度姿态变化运动控制,实现了缩比模型运动到指定角度的控制;在此基础上按指定振幅和频率进行了三转动单自由度振荡的运动控制;对运动控制试验结果进行了初步的误差分析.     

超声速二元进气道流场特性分析

采用一维气动分析和三维流场数值模拟两种方法,对超声速二元进气道的性能进行了研究.研究结果表明,超声速进气道侧向膨胀对进气道性能影响显著,侧向膨胀使进气道喉部马赫数增大,扩张段正激波强度增大,进气道总压恢复系数和流量捕获系数都减小.     

切削颤振在线监测的试验研究

 切削颤振发生过程最显著的频域特征是包含颤振频率的某个窄频段内振动能量的急剧上升。本文根据频段能量原理提出了一种可靠的判据,并利用微型计算机实现了切削颤振的在线监测。该方法具有快速、灵敏、准确和抗干扰能力强等优点。本文还探讨了实际应用中的某些具体措施。