Sensitivity Analysis for Safety Design Verification of General Aviation Reciprocating Aircraft Engine

This paper presents an application of global sensitivity analysis for system safety analysis of reciprocating aircraft engine. Compared with local sensitivity analysis results, global sensitivity analysis could provide more information on parameter interactions, which are significant in complex system safety analysis. First, a deterministic aviation reciprocating engine thermodynamics model is developed and parameters of interest are defined as random variables. Then, samples are generated by Monte Carlo method for the parameters used in engine model on the basis of definition of factor distribution. Eventually, results from engine model are generated and importance indices are calculated. Based on the analysis results, design is improved to satisfy the airworthiness requirements. The results reveal that by using global sensitivity analysis, the parameters could be ranked with respect to their importance, including first order indices and total sensitivity indices. By reducing the uncertainty of parameters and adjusting the range of inputs, safety criteria would be satisfied.     

液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子弯扭耦合振动研究

为获得转子振动特性,针对液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子系统建立了其在密封流体激振作用下的弯扭耦合动力学模型。通过数值仿真和试验研究了涡轮泵转子系统弯扭耦合振动的动力学特性,结果显示在密封流体激励作用下弯扭耦合振动的非线性特性显著。还研究了偏心距对涡轮泵转子系统弯扭耦合振动的影响。本研究可为液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子的结构设计、诊断与维护提供可靠信息。     

某型号大推力火箭发动机试验推力测量不确定度评定

根据某型号大推力火箭发动机试验推力测量系统的工作原理和组成、计量标准量值传递关系和系统低温调试结果,确定推力测量系统的不确定度来源,通过进一步的误差分析并应用误差计算理论对系统不确定度进行评定,得出该系统测量不确定度作为推力测量准确性依据。     

激光外差干涉技术在固体发动机振动中的应用

利用激光外差干涉技术对工作中固体火箭发动机的振动频率及强度进行了研究。在实验室环境下建立一套激光外差干涉系统,对某型号发动机进行振动测量实验。实验表明,激光外差干涉测振系统测量带宽7.8 Hz,测量标准偏差小于5.6×10-8,振镜实验测量结果与振源频率相吻合,系统探测信号强度和物体振幅呈线性关系。激光外差干涉技术在发动机振动测量过程中具有一定的应用价值。     

基于SVM辨识的涡扇发动机全包线稳态控制方法

针对涡扇发动机全飞行包线范围稳态最优控制器的设计问题,首先根据不同飞行条件下发动机各工作状态的稳态“小偏差”线性模型,采用线性二次型调节器(LQR)分别设计得到相应的发动机最优线性控制器参数,然后将所得到的线性控制器用支持向量机方法进行非线性逼近,得到控制器参数的支持向量机辨识模型,以满足发动机全包线、全状态稳态控制的需要.支持向量机模型的输入为飞行高度、马赫数和稳态转速,输出为线性控制器参数.应用实例表明:该方法在全包线范围内对发动机最优稳态控制器的逼近误差均在2%以内,能较好满足控制精度要求.      

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

超燃冲压发动机准一维建模研究

在准一维流理论的基础上,考虑了燃料流量、截面变化、壁面摩擦、燃烧效率、化学反应放热等因素,应用影响系数法,构建了包括前体/进气道、隔离段、燃烧室、后体/尾喷管的超燃冲压发动机内流场准一维分析模型,可快速计算发动机参数沿轴向的变化以及出口值,便于发动机性能分析;以一个机体/推进一体化单模块飞行器为研究对象,通过与三维CFD数值模型进行对比。结果表明,准一维计算模型能较好地对超燃冲压发动机进行快速计算与分析,在超燃冲压发动机的初步研究阶段具有重要的应用价值。     

火箭引射模态下主火箭总压与RBCC发动机的匹配性

基于传统的"等压面假设"理论,建立了RBCC发动机主火箭的引射性能分析模型,研究了主火箭总压与RBCC发动机的匹配性。研究结果表明,若隔离段通道面积比小于0.65,在主火箭总压较低条件下,隔离段内二次流容易达到壅塞,无法进一步提高空气流量;在地面静止状态下,随主火箭总压增加,空气流量逐步增大,等压面上形成Fabri壅塞后,进一步增加主火箭总压,反而会降低空气流量;在火箭引射模态下,RBCC发动机的工作状态可细分为引射作用占主导地位的进气道亚临界状态和临界状态、冲压作用占主导地位的进气道超临界状态,其分界马赫数分别约为0.7和1.5。     

固液混合火箭发动机缩尺效应研究

全尺寸固液混合火箭发动机试验耗费大,通常采用缩比发动机进行试验。为确保缩比试验代替全尺寸试验的准确性和有效性,对固液混合火箭发动机进行了相似性理论研究。结果表明当缩尺发动机与全尺寸发动机几何相似、采用相同的氧化剂和燃料组合,且氧化剂流率与药柱内径比值相同时,理论上缩比试验一定程度上能够反映全尺寸发动机的特性。