Effect of blade sweep on inlet flow in axial compressor cascades

This paper presents comparative numerical studies to investigate the effects of blade sweep on inlet flow in axial compressor cascades. A series of swept and straight cascades was modeled in order to obtain a general understanding of the inlet flow field that is induced by sweep.A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) package was used to simulate the cascades and obtain the required three-dimensional(3D) flow parameters. A circumferentially averaged method was introduced which provided the circumferential fluctuation(CF) terms in the momentum equation.A program for data reduction was conducted to obtain a circumferentially averaged flow field.The influences of the inlet flow fields of the cascades were studied and spanwise distributions of each term in the momentum equation were analyzed. The results indicate that blade sweep does affect inlet radial equilibrium. The characteristic of radial fluid transfer is changed and thus influencing the axial velocity distributions. The inlet flow field varies mainly due to the combined effect of the radial pressure gradient and the CF component. The axial velocity varies consistently with the incidence variation induced by the sweep, as observed in the previous literature. In addition, factors that might influence the radial equilibrium such as blade camber angles, solidity and the effect of the distance from the leading edge are also taken into consideration and comparatively analyzed.     

三阶HWCNS的构造及其在高超声速流动中的应用

对网格质量要求高、计算稳定性差和计算效率低是制约高阶精度格式应用于高超声速复杂流动模拟的重要因素。针对这些问题,发展了三阶精度的混合节点半节点加权紧致非线性格式(HWCNS3),改进其光滑测试因子和非线性权得到了HWCNS3-OP,并给出了它们的频谱特性。利用Lax和Osher-Shu算例测试了格式对间断和高频波的捕捉能力;通过钝锥和航天飞机的高超声速绕流算例,考察了HWCNS3-OP在真实流动模拟中热流和气动力的预测精度及其计算效率。研究结果表明:HWCNS3-OP具有较高的分辨率和良好的间断捕捉能力,高频波捕捉能力相对HWCNS3提高了约3倍,相对守恒律的单调迎风中心格式(MUSCL)提高了约4倍;HWCNS3-OP计算稳定性较好,计算效率相对五阶HWCNS提高了2~3倍,HWCNS3-OP是一种较适合高超声速复杂流动模拟的高阶精度格式。     

Tangent-impulse transfer from elliptic orbit to an excess velocity vector

The two-body orbital transfer problem from an elliptic parking orbit to an excess veloc-ity vector with the tangent impulse is studied. The direction of the impulse is constrained to be aligned with the velocity vector, then speed changes are enough to nullify the relative velocity. First, if one tangent impulse is used, the transfer orbit is obtained by solving a single-variable function about the true anomaly of the initial orbit. For the initial circular orbit, the closed-form solution is derived. For the initial elliptic orbit, the discontinuous point is solved, then the initial true anomaly is obtained by a numerical iterative approach; moreover, an alternative method is proposed to avoid the singularity. There is only one solution for one-tangent-impulse escape trajectory. Then, based on the one-tangent-impulse solution, the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is obtained by a numerical optimization algorithm, e.g., the genetic method. Finally, several examples are provided to validate the proposed method. The numerical results show that the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is the same as the one-tangent-impulse trajectory.     

环境压力对双组分运动液滴蒸发特征影响的理论研究

为获得亚临界条件下,环境压力对双组分运动液滴蒸发特性的影响规律,基于多组分液滴蒸发模型,对癸烷—乙醇二元混合液滴在高温氮气环境下的运动蒸发过程开展模型研究。通过模型计算,获得了液滴内部浓度分布、温度分布和液滴速度随时间的变化;分析了在环境压力0.1MPa和2MPa下,不同浓度液滴温度、尺寸及表面乙醇浓度的变化特征。结果表明:双组分液滴运动蒸发过程中,内部存在显著浓度和温度梯度,传热扩散快于传质扩散。常压环境下,液滴温度经历瞬态加热和平衡蒸发两个阶段,而高压环境下,液滴温度逐渐升高至接近环境温度。双组分液滴蒸发过程中由于组分浓度随时间变化,其无量纲尺寸随时间变化明显偏离"d 2理论";环境压力越高,液滴运动的贯穿距离越短,蒸发速率越慢。乙醇浓度对液滴蒸发速率的影响有两方面:蒸发前期,乙醇浓度越高,液滴蒸发速率越快;而蒸发后期,乙醇浓度越高,液滴蒸发速率反而越慢。     

热处理对AZ80镁合金疲劳性能的影响

通过对AZ80镁合金进行总应变幅控制下的室温低周疲劳实验,研究其在热锻、时效态(T5)、固溶时效态(T6)三种不同热处理状态下的循环应力响应、疲劳寿命和循环应力-应变行为。结果表明:在三种不同的热处理制度下,AZ80镁合金大体上都表现为循环应变硬化现象;此外,AZ80镁合金的应变疲劳寿命与塑性应变幅、弹性应变幅之间的关系分别服从Coffin-Manson和Basquin关系式。随着外加总应变幅的不断增大,其疲劳寿命减少。在0.3%的最小外加总应变幅下,AZ80热锻态的疲劳寿命最长;在0.9%的最大外加总应变幅下,AZ80-T5的疲劳寿命最长,而热锻态最短。此外,对疲劳断口形貌的观察结果表明,疲劳裂纹萌生于疲劳试样表面,并以穿晶方式扩展。     

主子惯导坐标系失调动态估计补偿方法研究

本文研究了船体静态变形角、动态变形角引起的主子惯导坐标系失调角动态补偿方法。研究表明：速度加姿态匹配能够在线估计补偿船体静态变形引起的主子惯导坐标系失调角,角速度匹配传递对准方法能够在线估计补偿船体静态变形、动态变形引起的主子惯导坐标系失调角,两种匹配传递对准方法适用条件均受海况环境影响。     

涡轮机匣换热实验

为了得到涡轮机匣内部壁面的换热规律,用瞬态液晶测量方法对某型涡轮机匣上表面的换热分布进行了全表面测量.机匣具有包括冲击、凹槽、阵列孔抽吸等的复杂结构,实验结果表明,射流冲击是造成上表面传热系数增强的主要因素,在冲击影响区域换热较强,其余区域换热较弱.实验结果对涡轮机匣内部流动换热计算、温度场计算、叶尖间隙控制具有重要的...     

机翼结冰过程的数值模拟

为预测飞机机翼结冰的形状,建立了一套采用时间步进法进行结冰过程数值模拟的方法.开发了一个软件框架用于使结冰模拟和网格更新全自动化.基于Messinger的质量和能量守恒方程建立了结冰热力学模型.采用了基于Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型在粗糙壁面的扩展模型来计算表面传热系数.提出了一种新的结冰生长方式.能预测霜...     

叶片前缘旋流和常规冲击对比数值研究

为了寻求更好的叶片前缘内冷结构,对旋流冲击和常规冲击的流动和传热特性进行了数值模拟,对比研究了二者的涡流结构、传热强度、流动阻力、综合传热性能和热均匀性,研究了通道Re数和冲击间距对这些参数的影响。结果表明旋流冲击形成的旋涡有利于传热的增强和热均匀性的提高。在所研究的Re数（2×104~7.78×104）和冲击间距（3.3~5倍直径）范围内,旋流冲击与常规冲击相比平均传热增强18%~34%,增幅随Re数和冲击间距的增大而增大;流阻增大10%~26%,增幅随Re数和冲击间距的增大而减小;综合传热性能增强20%左右;热均匀性提高60%左右。     

社会网络和团队认知对团队知识转移的影响

文章整合社会网络理论和知识转移等理论,分析团队中的社会网络结构对团队认知、团队知识转移的影响,结果表明社会网络结构有助于团队认知的形成和团队知识转移。因此,应该充分利用团队内部的社会网络关系,增强团队成员的团队认知,促进团队的知识转移,提升企业绩效。