H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机低频不稳定燃烧研究

介绍了85％H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机的低频不稳定燃烧特征;应用发动机质量守恒方程对发动机低频耦合振荡燃烧现象进行了一维模拟,分析了氧化剂喷射压降对低频不稳定燃烧的影响。利用扰动分析确立了固液火箭发动机的稳定工作限。提出了抑制低频耦合振荡燃烧的方法。     

Multi-scale design and optimization for solid-lattice hybrid structures and their application to aerospace vehicle components

By integrating topology optimization and lattice-based optimization, a novel multi-scale design method is proposed to create solid-lattice hybrid structures and thus to improve the mechanical performance as well as reduce the structural weight. To achieve this purpose, a two-step procedure is developed to design and optimize the innovative structures. Initially, the classical topology optimization is utilized to find the optimal material layout and primary load carrying paths. Afterwards, the solid-lattice hybrid structures are reconstructed using the finite element mesh based modeling method. And lattice-based optimization is performed to obtain the optimal cross-section area of the lattice structures. Finally, two typical aerospace structures are optimized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework. The numerical results are quite encouraging since the solid-lattice hybrid structures obtained by the presented approach show remarkably improved performance when compared with traditional designs.     

云制造环境下机床装备资源选择方法

针对云制造环境下机床装备资源具有数量大、异质异构、服务制约因素多等问题，提出了基于多准则决策的机床装备资源选择方法。首先，利用本体论对机床装备资源建模，将物理资源虚拟化封装，实现虚拟资源与物理资源的逻辑映射。进一步地，使用语言变量量化决策者评估信息，采用模糊决策与试验评价实验室（FDEMATEL）和熵值法（EW）相结合的组合赋权法，引入模糊VIKOR（FVIKOR）多属性决策方法对机床装备资源进行综合评估，建立FDEMATEL-EW-FVIKOR的多准则混合决策模型。最后，将该方法应用于某生产制造企业，实验对比决策结果验证了多准则混合决策模型的可行性和有效性。     

一种地理围栏内无人机航迹跟踪方法

针对UTM体制中无人机在地理围栏内的飞行监视问题,提出一种约束状态相关模态转换混合估计算法(CSDTHE)。采用随机线性混杂系统模型对无人机运动状态进行建模,利用CV、CT和CA三种模态描述无人机的飞行状态,以构建地理围栏内无人机运行的通用模态转换模型框架。利用飞行模态改变点(FMCP)定义相关模态转换参数,设计模态转换条件,生成模态转换概率矩阵,从而建立与状态相关的模态转换模型。运用约束卡尔曼滤波(CKF)方法对直线阶段和转弯阶段的无人机运动速度分别施加等式约束,并通过仿真实验验证了CSDTHE算法对无人机跟踪的有效性。     

星机双基地SAR的工作模式研究

由于卫星速度远快于飞机,传统的条带式已不适用于星机双基地SAR。有文献提出一种"双向滑动聚束式",但该模式存在成像场景长度短、成像算法复杂等缺点。利用星机双基地SAR接收机端信噪比高的特点,提出两种新的工作模式,分别是"卫星宽波束、飞机反向滑动聚束式"和"双宽波束式"。当仅展宽飞机波束时,"双宽波束式"演变为"宽波束接收式"。从理论上分析两种工作模式的可行性,并计算得出典型参数下的技术指标。相比于"双向滑动聚束式",在方位分辨率相等的条件下,这些新模式的场景长度都明显增加。但除"宽波束接收式"外,所提两种新模式将使返回卫星的单基地回波无法使用。文末分析了几种工作模式的适用场合。     

面向非结构混合网格高精度阻力预测的梯度求解方法

针对非结构混合网格的特点,通过改进传统的Green-Gauss梯度求解方法,提出了一种可提高非结构混合网格黏性计算精度的节点型Green-Gauss梯度求解方法。利用改进后的方法,完成了DLR-F4翼身组合体算例的计算和对比分析。改进后的梯度求解方法残差收敛更好,下降量级更多,阻力系数和试验吻合更好,激波区域压力分布和分离区域流场细节的模拟更精确,说明改进后的梯度求解方法有效提高了程序的鲁棒性和阻力预测精度,验证了方法的有效性。采用改进后的方法对第5届AIAA阻力预测研讨会的通用研究模型（CRM）进行了详细的模拟分析,结果表明：改进的梯度求解方法更加适用于非结构混合网格的黏性计算,计算精准度达到国际同类CFD软件水平,进一步验证了改进方法的可靠性。     

基于等效时间的混合储能系统高功率密度优化配置

越来越多的电力电子装置应用到多电飞机（MEA）电力系统中,导致MEA用电负荷功率呈现脉动特性,采用混合储能系统（HESS）平抑负荷功率脉动。为减少HESS重量,提出了一种高功率密度的优化配置方法。为建立负荷功率与储能介质之间的关系,提出了等效时间（ET）的概念,比较两者的ET常数作为储能系统类型选取的依据。进一步提出空间矢量法,采用能量型储能介质矢量和功率型储能介质矢量合成负荷功率,确定最优单体和截止频率,实现了HESS高功率密度配置。同时,从能量约束和功率约束两个方面进行HESS的容量的计算。最后,通过算例配置和仿真分析验证了本文所提方法的可行性和正确性。     

Applications of tuned mass dampers to improve performance of large space mirrors

In order for future imaging spacecraft to meet higher resolution imaging capability, it will be necessary to build large space telescopes with primary mirror diameters that range from 10 m to 20 m and do so with nanometer surface accuracy. Due to launch vehicle mass and volume constraints, these mirrors have to be deployable and lightweight, such as segmented mirrors using active optics to correct mirror surfaces with closed loop control. As a part of this work, system identification tests revealed that dynamic disturbances inherent in a laboratory environment are significant enough to degrade the optical performance of the telescope. Research was performed at the Naval Postgraduate School to identify the vibration modes most affecting the optical performance and evaluate different techniques to increase damping of those modes. Based on this work, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) were selected because of their simplicity in implementation and effectiveness in targeting specific modes. The selected damping mechanism was an eddy current damper where the damping and frequency of the damper could be easily changed. System identification of segments was performed to derive TMD specifications. Several configurations of the damper were evaluated, including the number and placement of TMDs, damping constant, and targeted structural modes. The final configuration consisted of two dampers located at the edge of each segment and resulted in 80% reduction in vibrations. The WFE for the system without dampers was 1.5 waves, with one TMD the WFE was 0.9 waves, and with two TMDs the WFE was 0.25 waves. This paper provides details of some of the work done in this area and includes theoretical predictions for optimum damping which were experimentally verified on a large aperture segmented system.     

翼型前缘变形对动态失速效应影响的数值计算

翼型或机翼的动态失速效应所引起的低头力矩和正气动阻尼限制了飞行器气动性能的提高,甚至可能诱导发生不稳定运动。应用于小尺寸机翼的前缘动态变形（DDLE）技术,通过实时改变前缘形状,能够改善翼型前缘区域的速度梯度,进而抑制动态失速效应。采用转捩剪切应力输运（SST）黏性模型结合分区混合动态网格技术,研究了这种前缘变形对机翼俯仰运动所引起的非定常流动的影响,得到通过小幅度前缘变形抑制和延迟动态失速的方法,从而提高翼型的气动性能。翼型NAC A0012的数值模拟结果与动态失速风洞试验结果比较表明：所使用的数值计算方法能够较为准确地模拟翼型在动态失速过程中升力系数与俯仰力矩系数的变化情况,可用于研究前缘变形对翼型俯仰运动所引起的非定常流动的影响。前缘动态变形翼型俯仰运动过程的非定常流场的数值模拟表明：在大迎角下不同幅度的前缘下垂运动能够抑制流动分离的发生,从而抑制动态失速,但在大迎角下小幅度高频率的前缘下垂变形能更高效地抑制动态失速;前缘变形幅度以及变形沿中弧线的分布对升力系数和俯仰力矩系数的影响并不明显。