膜盒式机械密封设计研究

基于膜盒式机械密封理论与经验,研究了膜盒式机械密封密封材料、密封结构、密封性能、密封比压、泄漏量等之间的关系.基于ANSYS有限元软件平台面-面接触分析模块Contact Pressure,仿真分析和计算了膜盒式静环组件在过盈配合压装条件下端面块应力、应变场分布与变形量之间的关系,得出了膜盒式机械密封密封材料选择、结构、静环组件、密封性能参数设计准则.在该准则中端面块过盈量选取范围为0.16-0.18 mm之间.采用该设计准则设计的膜盒式机械密封已经用于某战略弹道导弹武器系统用液体火箭发动机之中,该发动机已经通过了地面热试车考核.     

蜂窝夹层板BLE的一种增强型协同优化建模方法

弹道极限方程(BLE)是进行飞行器防护结构设计与空间碎片撞击风险评估的关键技术,基于超高速撞击物理实验数据对已知形式的弹道极限方程进行修正,是获得高可信度新方程的一种常用方法。为了快速准确地获取新方程,以国外131个碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)面板的蜂窝夹层板实验数据为对象,运用增强型协同优化(ECO)方法对Christiansen方程进行优化。结果显示增强型协同优化方法与穷举法的优化结果一致,并给出了计算效率提升比例。为考核修正后方程的适用性,利用铝合金面板的蜂窝夹层板的25个实验数据对修正方程进行检测,结果显示修正方程可以将总体预测率从68%提升至84%,安全预测率从76%提升至92%,绝对误差平方和从0.046 2下降至0.006 3,相对误差平方和从1.046 0下降至0.109 0。     

U-E密封设计研究

基于ABAQUS平台建立了发动机燃气摇摆装置——推力室对接法兰处用U-E密封有限元模型,采用ABAQUS/Standard模块隐式算法求解了U-E密封与法兰副相接触时,UE密封环结构参数;主、副密封唇压缩量发生变化时,压缩量与密封环等效Mises应力、塑性应变和接触压强之间的关系等。由此得到了U-E密封材料选择准则与密封结构设计准则,采用该设计准则设计、制造的U-E密封通过了37.5 MPa液压强度和25 MPa高压气密试验。试验结果表明:U-E密封设计准则正确、合理、适用,密封性能满足使用要求。     

时变热辐射环境下高温合金蜂窝板三维热变形测量

轻质、高强和隔热性能优良的蜂窝合金板结构已广泛用于航空航天领域,其在模拟瞬态气动热环境下的热变形是高速飞行器热防护结构设计的重要参数之一.首先,用自行研制的红外辐射瞬态气动热实验模拟系统模拟与其服役环境类似的时变热辐射环境,用新型"主动成像"三维数字图像相关(3D-DIC)测量方法对高温合金蜂窝板结构试件在时变热辐射环境下不同时刻的三维热变形进行了测量.其次,为保证三维数字图像相关测量方法能有效实施,提出一种制作稳定的大面积高温散斑新方法,该方法制作的高温散斑能在整个实验过程中保持稳定,可作为高温变形的有效载体.最后,用Hoff等效刚度理论计算高温合金蜂窝板在稳态时的最大翘曲位移.研究结果表明:210 mm×210 mm的高温合金蜂窝板在单侧面辐射加热条件下其面内变形为均匀热变形,而离面变形为轴对称的翘曲变形,在900℃时其最大离面翘曲位移约为1.6 mm;Hoff等效刚度理论计算结果与实验结果相吻合.      

柔片式密封数值计算及性能分析

针对高速转子柔片式密封系统,建立了密封区域流场的数学模型,采用一种修正的压力耦合方程组的半隐式方法(Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations Revised, SIMPLER)算法和有限差分法对数学模型进行数值求解,构建了柔片式密封性能分析程序,得到密封系统的压力场分布、速度场分布及泄漏量等,研究了不同结构参数和工况参数对密封性能的影响.分析结果表明:泄漏量随密封压差的增大呈线性增长趋势,而随转子转速的增大略有减小;增加柔片宽度、减小柔片长度、减小前/背板-转子间距均对降低密封系统的泄漏量有益,而柔片安装角度的变化则对密封系统的泄漏量影响不明显.基于流场的结果,柔片和转子的动力学响应将被研究.      

28 MPa 压力级别O型密封圈主要设计参数分析

飞机液压系统依靠被密封的工作介质来传递力和速度,因此,系统密封性的好坏直接影响系统的效率和工作性能,严重时将导致系统不能工作。O型密封圈由于具有优越的密封性能、密封结构简单和拆装方便等优点,被广泛应用于液压系统密封装置中。O型密封圈的参数设计对密封装置的有效密封起到关键性作用。现行有效的HB/Z4-1995适用于21 MPa压力体制液压系统密封结构及密封件设计,以1S243和1S384为基础,对28 MPa压力体制液压系统密封结构及密封件的压缩率、拉伸率等主要参数进行计算,并给出推荐参数选择范围,可以给28 MPa压力体制液压系统密封结构及密封件设计提供依据。     

一种低迟滞低磨损的指尖密封型线构形的研究

针对迄今指尖密封多目标性能优化研究中存在的难以实现迟滞性能和磨损性能同步改善的问题,通过引入Stackelberg对策理论,并将指尖密封型线构形作为优化"元素",构建了指尖密封迟滞性能和磨损性能优化的Stackelberg模型.在正向Stackelberg主从对策机制下,采用基于有限元仿真和BP神经网络的遗传算法在Stackelberg系统主从层面上实现了指尖密封性能的可控优化,获得了具有低迟滞低磨损性能的"上凹"构形指尖密封型线.有限元仿真分析合理地解释了"上凹"型线指尖密封具有较好性能的原因,表明"上凹"型线指尖密封具有良好的应用前景.      

Reliability estimation of mechanical seals based on bivariate dependence analysis and considering model uncertainty

The reliability estimation of mechanical seals is of crucial importance due to their wide applications in pumps in various mechanical systems. Failure of mechanical seals might cause leakage, and might lead to system failure and other relevant consequences. In this study, the reliability estimation for mechanical seals based on bivariate dependence analysis and considering model uncertainty is proposed. The friction torque and leakage rate are two degradation performance indicators of mechanical seals that can be described by the Wiener process, Gamma process, and inverse Gaussian process. The dependence between the two indicators can be described by different copula functions. Then the model uncertainty is considered in the reliability estimation using the Bayesian Model Average (BMA) method, while the unknown parameters in the model are estimated by Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. A numerical simulation study and fatigue crack study are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the BMA method to capture model uncertainty. A degradation test of mechanical seals is conducted to verify the proposed model. The optimal stochastic process models for two performance indicators and copula function are determined based on the degradation data. The results show the necessity of using the BMA method in degradation modeling.     

Dynamic performance of a C/C composite finger seal in a tilting mode

The complex operating state of aeroengines has an impact on the performance of finger seals.However,little work has been focused on the issue and the dynamic performance of finger seals is also rarely studied.Therefore,a distributed mass equivalent model considering working conditions is proposed in this paper for solving the existing problems.The effects of the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle of a C/C composite on the dynamic performance of a finger seal are investigated in rotor tilt based on the proposed model.The difference between the C/C composite finger seal performances under the rotor precession and nutation tilt cases is also investigated.The results show that the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle have an influence on the dynamic performance of the finger seal as rotor tilt is considered,and the dynamic performance of the finger seal is different in the two kinds of tilting modes.In addition,a novel method for design of finger seals is presented based on the contact pressure between finger boots and the rotor.Finger seals with good leakage rates and low wear can be acquired in this method.