基于ML背景参数估计的CDKF-CPHD多目标跟踪算法

针对低信杂比环境下的多机动目标跟踪问题,提出了一种基于极大似然(ML)背景参数估计的中心差分卡尔曼-势概率假设密度滤波(BE-CDKF-CPHD)算法。算法采用ML法实时估计重尾分布模型参数,计算检测概率和虚警概率。运用极大似然-恒虚警(MLCFAR)算法对信号进行处理,提取有效量测值,将幅值似然函数与势概率假设密度滤波器(CPHD)中的目标位置似然函数相结合,通过中心差分法递归更新得到后验均值与协方差,达到对多机动目标进行跟踪的目的。仿真结果表明,在低信杂比环境中,所提算法提高了跟踪精度与目标数目估计准确度。     

风力机组叶片的先进翼型族设计

大型风力机组叶片设计需要专用的翼型族,以满足风力机组运行的环境要求。高升阻比、低粗糙度影响是该翼型族的气动性能特点。为了发展我国具有自主知识产权的风力机专用翼型族,在科技部863项目的支持下,北京航空航天大学联合国内气动研究单位,通过理论分析、数值模拟和风洞试验等技术途径,开发了两个适用于大型风力机组叶片的先进翼型族。理论分析和风洞试验表明,设计结果基本达到了预先设定的气动性能指标。     

Effect of tube-electrode inner diameter on electrochemical discharge machining of nickel-based superalloy

Nickel-based superalloys are widely employed in modern aircraft engines because of their excellent material characteristics, particularly in the fabrication of film cooling holes. How-ever, the high machining requirement of a large number of film cooling holes can be extremely chal-lenging. The hybrid machining technique of tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling (TEHECDD) has been considered as a promising method for the production of film cooling holes. Compared with any single machining process, this hybrid technique requires the removal of more complex machining by-products, including debris produced in the electrical discharge machin-ing process and hydroxide and bubbles generated in the electrochemical machining process. These by-products significantly affect the machining efficiency and surface quality of the machined prod-ucts. In this study, tube electrodes in different inner diameters are designed and fabricated, and the effects of inner diameter on the machining efficiency and surface quality of TEHECDD are inves-tigated. The results show that larger inner diameters could effectively improve the flushing condi-tion and facilitate the removal of machining by-products. Therefore, higher material removal efficiency, surface quality, and electrode wear rate could be achieved by increasing the inner diam-eter of the tube electrode.     

航磁补偿技术及补偿质量的评价方法

航磁补偿的目的是要消除飞机平台引入的干扰磁场,对于高精度航空磁探来说,磁补偿质量直接制约了探测效果。文章按照航磁补偿的执行步骤进行了飞机平台磁干扰建模、模型参数求解方法、补偿飞行方案。另外,为了对补偿飞行的质量进行有效控制,采用量化指标对磁补偿效果进行评价,判定补偿效果的优劣。最后,基于 MFC软件平台开发了航磁补偿系数求解及补偿质量评价软件。     

采用序列概率比方法检测航空发动机传感器软故障

提出基于卡尔曼滤波和序列概率比方法进行某型涡扇发动机控制系统传感器软故障检测新方法.研究了采用修正的序列概率比方法处理滤波残差,检测传感器软故障;并将该方法与残差加权二乘算法WSSR(Weighted Sum of Squared Residual)检测传感器软故障过程进行了对比.仿真结果表明,序列概率比方法较WSSR法所需决策时间短,适合于航空发动机传感器软故障检测.      

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

基于仿生的大展弦比直机翼结构布局形式研究

为了探讨大展弦比直机翼的结构布局形式,借鉴自然界中的鱼骨和鸟羽毛以及树叶的叶脉形式,利用有限元分析与满应力优化作为设计手段,对三种不同的结构布局形式(A构型、B构型和常规构型)开展基于强度、刚度以及重量条件限制下的有关响应的对比研究.计算结果表明:在不同尺度的等重量条件限制下,"A构型"弯曲刚度最大,扭转刚度居中;"B构型"弯曲刚度居中,扭转刚度最小;"常规构型"弯曲刚度最小,扭转刚度最大.分析得出机翼的翼肋布置应该"适当的"倾斜.最后给出三点结论.     

Investigation on the Thermal Conductivity of 3-Dimensional and 4-Directional Braided Composites

It is vital to choose a factual and reasonable micro-structural model of braided composites for improving the calculating precision of thermal property of 3-D braided composites by finite element method (FEM). On the basis of new microstructure model of braided composites proposed recently, the model of FEM calculation for thermal conductivity of 3-dimennsional and 4-directional braided composites is set up in this paper. The curves of coefficient of effective thermal conductivity versus fiber volume ratio and interior braiding angle are obtained. Furthermore, comparing the results of FEM with the available experimental data,the reasonability and veracity of calculation are confirmed at the same time.     

应力比对不锈钢焊接接头疲劳寿命的影响研究

针对0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头,开展了高周疲劳性能测试,研究了应力比对其疲劳极限和疲劳寿命S-N曲线的影响。结果表明应力比对疲劳寿命有较大的影响,在最大应力一定的情况下,应力比越大其疲劳寿命越大。基于试验结果,得到了反映应力比影响的0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头Goodman修正和Walker修正的高周疲劳寿命预测模型。模型的预估寿命和试验数据对比表明,Walker修正模型对疲劳寿命的预测结果全部处于1.0倍分散带以内,其更能反映应力比对0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头疲劳寿命的影响。     

叠层材料低频振动制孔工艺参数优化实验研究

CFRP/Ti叠层结构在一体化制孔的过程中易出现复合材料分层、撕裂、灼伤和孔出口毛刺等制孔缺陷。本文基于低频振动辅助钻削技术,进行工艺实验,经过二次优化后得到最优加工参数。实验结果表明,在转速400 r/min、进给量12 mm/min、振幅75 μm与转速500 r/min、进给量21 mm/min、振幅75 μm两组加工参数下的制孔质量较好,使用较高转速和较大进给量能够提高加工效率。