Event-triggered cooperative target tracking in wireless sensor networks

Since the issues of low communication bandwidth supply and limited battery capacity are very crucial for wireless sensor networks, this paper focuses on the problem of event-triggered cooperative target tracking based on set-membership information filtering. We study some fundamental properties of the set-membership information filter with multiple sensor measure-ments. First, a sufficient condition is derived for the set-membership information filter, under which the boundedness of the outer ellipsoidal approximation set of the estimation means is guaranteed. Second, the equivalence property between the parallel and sequential versions of the set-membership information filter is presented. Finally, the results are applied to a 1D event-triggered target tracking scenario in which the negative information is exploited in the sense that the measurements that do not satisfy the triggering conditions are modelled as set-membership mea-surements. The tracking performance of the proposed method is validated with extensive Monte Carlo simulations.     

Near real-time PPP-based monitoring of the ionosphere using dual-frequency GPS/BDS/Galileo data

Ionosphere delay is very important to GNSS observations, since it is one of the main error sources which have to be mitigated even eliminated in order to determine reliable and precise positions. The ionosphere is a dispersive medium to radio signal, so the value of the group delay or phase advance of GNSS radio signal depends on the signal frequency. Ground-based GNSS stations have been used for ionosphere monitoring and modeling for a long time. In this paper we will introduce a novel approach suitable for single-receiver operation based on the precise point positioning (PPP) technique. One of the main characteristic is that only carrier-phase observations are used to avoid particular effects of pseudorange observations. The technique consists of introducing ionosphere ambiguity parameters obtained from PPP filter into the geometry-free combination of observations to estimate ionospheric delays. Observational data from stations that are capable of tracking the GPS/BDS/GALILEO from the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiments (MGEX) network are processed. For the purpose of performance validation, ionospheric delays series derived from the novel approach are compared with the global ionospheric map (GIM) from Ionospheric Associate Analysis Centers (IAACs). The results are encouraging and offer potential solutions to the near real-time ionosphere monitoring.     

基于改进GPC的无人直升机动态路径规划

针对小型无人直升机航迹受到风场扰动和导航系统定位误差影响下的航迹最优规划问题,建立了风扰动和导航误差影响下的飞行航迹线性模型。基于混合整数规划思想,采用粒子滤波改进广义模型预测控制算法实时规划航迹,降低了导航定位误差造成的航迹估计偏差,提高了航迹估计精度。仿真结果表明,该算法能够生成三维可行航迹并躲避障碍物,且规划时间和无人机能耗较传统方法显著减少。     

前缘半径对两个尺度三级压缩楔流场结构影响研究

为研究前缘钝度及模型尺度对流场结构的影响,采用了长度为0.3 m和0.6 m的三级压缩楔模型,前缘半径分别为0,0.5,1,1.5,3 mm,在0.6 m激波风洞中利用高速阴影摄像获得了系列流场结构照片,清晰地显示了激波结构。试验条件为马赫数5.98,总温670 K,总压6.56MPa。数据结果表明,随着前缘半径的增加,第一道激波角增大,第二和第三道激波角减小;存在明显的模型尺度影响,在同等钝度条件下(尖前缘除外),两个尺度模型的第一道激波角相差迭0.4°,第二道和第三道激波角最大可相差0.5°。流场照片显示,在拐角处存在激波边界层干扰,造成第二、三道激波根部弯曲,随前缘半径增加,弯曲程度和影响区域增大。     

高负荷跨声速涡轮激波损失机理及控制技术研究

为了指导高性能、高负荷跨声速涡轮的设计,对其叶栅内的流场结构、尾缘波系结构、减小激波损失的机理及其控制技术进行了分析研究。结果表明:跨声速涡轮尾缘流场结构复杂,存在分离膨胀波、分离激波、基底区、再附激波、尾迹、吸力面反射波甚至激波边界层相互干扰等流动现象。通过采用收缩-扩张通道,喉道后采用直线型吸力面,减小吸力面尾缘弯折角、尾缘厚度和尾缘附近局部修型等措施,从而减弱激波强度,减小激波损失。     

微小型无人直升机姿态信号的互补滤波融合算法

基于惯性测量技术获取飞行器姿态信号的方法已被广泛应用,然而对于微小型或低成本无人飞行器而言,通过MEMS传感器获取满足精度要求且稳定可靠的姿态信号仍然是具有一定难度的工程问题。文章针对民用微小型无人直升机的低成本要求和使用环境,利用三轴角速率陀螺仪和加速度计在姿态估计中频率互补的特性,采用互补滤波算法,改进了滤波参数的自适应调整方法,实现了俯仰角和滚转角信号的有效融合,得到的姿态信息可用于微小型无人直升机的内环增稳控制。仿真和试验数据表明,该方法测量精度较高,工程实现简单,算法稳定,能有效解决微小型无人直升机姿态信号的工程求解和使用问题。     

一种新的SMC-PHD滤波的多目标状态估计方法

针对现有的应用于多目标跟踪概率假设密度粒子滤波器的目标状态估计方法不能很好地解决目标密度较高情况下的多目标状态估计问题,提出了一种新的基于粒子标签的多目标状态估计方法。该方法利用附加在每个粒子上的身份标签将粒子分为不同的粒子群,粒子群的个数与概率假设密度粒子滤波器的目标估计个数相同。随后根据粒子与最近量测的似然函数估计目标的运动状态,使得粒子概率假设密度滤波器在目标密集的情况下仍能准确地估计出目标状态。仿真试验表明,论文所提方法在目标密度较大情况下能够较好地估计出多目标状态,并提高了目标关联的准确性。     

DSP课程实践教学研究

实践教学是DSP教学的重要组成部分。以实例项目导入方式,设计了DSP实践教学内容,给出了相应的系统组成、硬件原理图以及系统的特点。同时从实验室开放和结合科研两个方面,探讨了实践教学方法。对于深化DSP课程实践教学改革有着很好的指导意义。     

V形尾缘分开排气喷管喷流流场的数值模拟

采用二阶迎风离散格式并选用RNG(renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型,对轴对称分开排气喷管和核心喷管上采用V形尾缘的分开排气喷管的喷流流场进行三维数值模拟.结果表明,相对基准轴对称分开排气喷管,V形尾缘一方面引入了流向涡,另一方面增加了核心喷流与风扇喷流之间的混合层长度,强化了喷流的混合,有效地...     

涡轮叶片前缘附近斜射流梯形腔内的流动特性

涡轮叶片前缘附近内冷腔的几何结构通常较为复杂,建立了梯形内冷通道的放大模型进行实验模拟,考虑复杂流动条件的影响,了解通道内的流动结构与特性,为更高效的内冷通道设计提供参考。使用七孔针对通道流场进行了详细测量,研究射流、横流及气膜孔出流对通道流场的影响规律。结果表明:在射流侧壁面较低位置的射流对靶面的冲击效果良好,较高位置的射流则主要对通道内旋流起到诱导和促进作用,且后者更易受横流影响;通道内横流强度的增加会进一步促进逆时针方向旋流的发展,同时削弱射流的冲击效果;随着射流角度的增加,射流的冲击作用增强,但诱导旋流的能力减弱;气膜出流量和出流位置的改变对通道主体流动结构影响较小。