多目标规划方法在隐身涂层设计中的应用

根据多层吸波层材料电磁波反射系数的传输线理论，通过建立涂层材料的介电及磁性参数数据库、采用多目标规划法，进行各层材料的选择及层厚的优化设计，为多层隐身涂层材料的研制提供强有力的设计工具。该研究开发的软件具有吸波材料参数数据库、全面搜索优化、部分选定优化、特定结构反射系数计算等功能。最大可分5个波段设定不同的设计指标，最大设计层数为6层。     

高温真空绝热板的制备及性能研究

根据真空绝热原理提出一种可在高温环境下使用的新型高温真空绝热板(High-temperature vacuum insulation panel,HT-VIP)。在多孔碳化硅泡沫芯材表面包覆多层碳纤维布,通过化学气相渗透(Chemical vapor infiltration,CVI)热解碳的方法对外壳碳纤维体进行增密,然后采用聚合物浸渍裂解(Polymer infiltration and pyrolysis,PIP)工艺制备玻璃碳对材料进行致密化处理,最后采用低压化学气相沉积(Chemical vapor deposition,CVD)工艺沉积SiC涂层对材料进行封装,制备出一种具有耐高温、密度低、强度高、低导热以及抗热冲击的新型高温真空绝热复合材料。制备的致密碳纤维增强复合材料,材料内部为真空状态,材料密度为0.81g/cm3,抗压强度为8.75 MPa。当温度为100~900℃时,高温VIP有效热导热系数从0.20 W/mK逐渐增加到1.16 W/mK,比C/C和C/SiC复合材料低一个数量级。     

红外低辐射层与吸波层参数匹配性研究

研究了红外材料与吸波材料参数匹配。结果表明,随着红外填料含量增加,红外辐射系数逐渐变小;磁导率变化很小,磁导率值也较小;而介电常数相对较大,且随着填料含量增加,介电常数开始急剧增大,后变平缓。填料含量相同时,片状填料颗粒比球状填料颗粒的红外辐射系数低。在填料参数及其含量选择适当情况下,可以兼顾红外及雷达吸收性能。     

碳纤维沥青裂解碳涂层研究

研究了沥青裂解法在碳纤维表面涂覆均匀碳涂层的工艺,并探讨了不同溶剂,不同浓度的涂层溶液对纤维表面形貌和纤维强度的影响。     

Investigation on a Sol-gel Coating Containing Inhibitors on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy

For a long time, chromate incorporated conversion coatings have been drawn special attention in corrosion protection of air-craft-used aluminum alloys. However,ever-increasing environmental pressures requires that non-chromate conversion coatings be developed because of the detrimental carcinogenic effects of the chromate compounds. In recent years, the sol-gel coatings doped with inhibitors were developed to replace chromate conversion coatings, and showed real promise. A sol-gel coating was prepared and its anti-corrosion behavior was investigated using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that the sol-gel coating obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) is prone to form defects if cured at the room temperature, whereas if cured at a higher temperature (100 ℃), these flaws can be avoided. Furthermore, it can be seen that addition of anti-foam agents and surfactants will reduce the faults if cured at the room temperature. Effects of the corrosion inhibitors, CeCl3 and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), in the sol-gel coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were also investigated. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coatings containing CeCl3 proves to be better than that of the pure and MBT added sol-gel coatings by the electrochemical methods.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl^- ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl^- ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples passivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those passivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti：Ni = 9.01：1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

高温热管性能分析与试验

设计并制备了钠工质、高温合金管壳的丝网型高温热管,测试并分析了在辐射和自然对流散热条件下不同加热功率和不同倾角对热管启动特性和稳态工作后等温性能的影响。结果表明,钠高温热管在不同倾角下都可顺利启动,而且随着加热功率的增加,钠高温热管启动时间越短,但倾角对启动时间影响不大。在倒置45°和倒置90°倾角时,在较大功率下热管的蒸发段出现温度激增现象,分析认为是由于丝网吸液芯毛细力不足导致蒸发段出现工质干涸造成的,说明已经达到了热管的毛细极限。     

沿海环境下服役飞机铝合金零件的表面涂层破坏与腐蚀

 为了探讨在斐济沿海机场某型国产飞机铝合金零件出现的腐蚀问题,研究了热带海洋环境条件下油漆涂层的老化失效对铝合金零件腐蚀的影响,采用宏观、微观腐蚀形貌,腐蚀产物成分分析等方法,对比研究了实验室中性盐雾和紫外光老化条件下油漆涂层的老化失效特点。结果表明在海洋环境和实验室环境条件下,飞机铝合金零件都是先出现表面涂层的老化失效,而后表面氧化膜层和基体出现点腐蚀,直至发生晶间腐蚀到剥蚀破坏。分析认为铝合金零件表面油漆涂层的老化失效起源于热带海洋大气环境中温度、湿度、Cl^-、光照等共同作用导致的微孔隙、微裂纹等缺陷。     

铁基纳米复合镀层摩擦学特性试验

阐述了镀层的制备方法和过程,研究了镀层的滑动、滚动、固定磨料和半固定磨料、与摩擦副配对的摩擦学特性。结果表明,与45镧淬火相比,滑动摩擦条件下镀层的耐磨性极好,滚动、固定磨料、半固定磨料摩擦条件下的耐磨性分别是45^#钢淬火的2～3倍、12～13倍、1～1．2倍。与摩擦副配对磨损试验表明,需要进行良好的磨合。     

定向凝固高温合金DZ4的动态再结晶行为研究

研究了定向凝固DZ4合金在高温静拉伸应力作用下的动态再结晶行为,重点研究了温度、应力及表面氧化等因素对DZ4合金动态再结晶行为的影响.结果表明,在一定大小的应力作用下,不带涂层的DZ4合金试样表面在800～950℃范围内会发生动态再结晶,且再结晶层厚度随着温度和应力的增高而增大;动态再结晶层均位于表面氧化层内.分析表明,表面氧化是DZ4合金发生表面动态再结晶的主要原因.试验结果同时表明,表面采用Al-Si渗层保护的定向凝固DZ4合金叶片在正常服役条件下不会发生再结晶.