An ion analyzer for the lunar surface with E-parallel–B

We present a novel instrument concept to measure the energy and mass spectra of ions incident on the lunar surface, based on the E-parallel–B or Thomson-parabola device used extensively as a diagnostic in the plasma fusion community. The Apollo-era Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment (SIDE) was the first instrument package to perform in-situ measurements of ions incident on the lunar surface. The ions can originate from a variety of sources, including the solar wind, the Earth’s magnetotail, and photoionization of the thin lunar atmosphere. The species and energy distribution of ions arriving at the lunar surface depend in a complicated and poorly-understood fashion on the phase of the lunar day, the position of the Moon with respect to the Earth, and on the local plasma environment.     

大展弦比运输机标模高升力构型设计与评估

介绍了中国航空工业空气动力研究院基于分层策略遗传算法的多段翼型优化设计工具和高升力构型计算评估方法,参照国内外大展弦比运输机指标为FL-9增压风洞设计了高升力构型标模,为检验标模气动性能,在法国ONERA F1风洞进行了一系列风洞试验和采用UNSMB平台进行了数值模拟。结果显示计算结果与试验结果有着较好的一致性,设计方案具有较好的增升效果。     

发动机不可控高推力适航部分豁免方法研究

介绍了发动机不可控高推力(UHT)问题的产生背景,论述了申请§25.901(c)条款有关不可控高推力的部分豁免的思路和方法.结合FAA关于不可控高推力的指导材料,给出了有关不可控高推力的持续适航工作建议,对于飞机申请§25.901条款有关不可控高推力的部分豁免具有一定的指导意义     

快速阀控制电路

本文介绍快速阀控制电路的用途、技术指标、框图及电路原理。对克服严重现场干扰、使控制电路具有高度可靠性方面所采取的具体措施也进行了比较系统的介绍。     

耐高液（气）压部附件测试系统的开发

飞机上耐高液（气）压部附件易发生泄漏破损等问题，对飞机的安全运行至关重要。本文开发了一种测试系统，以气体和液体为介质，以飞机蓄压器为例，通过压力检查、泄露测试、摩擦阻力测试，检测待测部件是否合格。检测结果证明，该测试系统可作为飞机机械系统耐高液（气）压部附件检测的一种参考方法。     

Photolytic behaviour of methane at Lyman-α and 248 nm: Studies in the frame of a simulation program of Titan’s atmosphere (S.E.T.U.P.)

This paper first describes briefly some of the forefront global simulations of Titan’s atmosphere that have been carried out up to now. In these experiments, an initial gaseous mixture of N₂/CH₄ is submitted to a single energy source and the retrieved gas and/or solid phase(s) is/are analyzed by different techniques.     

Electromagnetic waves observed by Venus Express at periapsis: Detection and analysis techniques

The magnetometer on Venus Express was designed to be able to obtain 128 Hz samples of the magnetic field from two sensors in a gradiometer configuration. This mode is used around periapsis to determine whether the signals reported at low altitudes near 100 Hz, had the properties of electromagnetic waves generated by electric discharges in the Venus atmosphere. The lack of a magnetic cleanliness program and the shortness of the magnetometer boom make this a challenging measurement. Fortunately the signals are sufficiently strong that they can be easily resolved with rather straightforward analysis techniques.     

高精度温度控制方式述评

对高精度温度控制系统中常用的模拟控制方式、数字控制方式和模拟/数字控制方式作了比较,目的在于找到既能满足计量检定恒温装置所需的技术指标、又方便实用的控制方式.     

Tidal associated temperature disturbances observed at the middle atmosphere (30–65 km) by a Rayleigh lidar at 23°S

A lidar has been operated in São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.2°S, 45.8°W) since 1972, mainly dedicated to the study of mesospheric sodium at the 589 nm resonant line. The molecular Rayleigh scattering can also be used provided we limit the height to ∼75 km where the sodium scattering begins. Nevertheless, the weak signal obtained only permits the determination of density and temperature profiles by accumulating a large number of shots giving only nocturnal average profiles. Temporal variations in density and temperature on the scale of hours can however, be obtained by performing a superposed epoch analysis for a given time interval and covering a period of several days. In this way we obtained hourly mean profiles grouped by months, seasons and overall, with data acquired from 1993 to 2004. The difference between the hourly temperatures and the nocturnal means shows for some months, with enough data coverage, downward propagating structures that apparently have tidal origin. The seasonal averages show a recurrent feature with high temperatures before and low temperatures after midnight above 50 km. Some similarity is found with the GSWM model, but the observed temperature amplitudes are twice of that for the model.     

A neutral gas mass spectrometer to measure the chemical composition of the stratosphere

The Polar Balloon Atmospheric Composition Experiment (P-BACE) is a new generation of neutral gas mass spectrometer based on the time-of-flight principle. P-BACE is the scientific experiment on the Mars Environment Analog Platform (MEAP) flown successfully on a balloon mission in summer 2008. The MEAP mission was flown with a 334,000 m³ helium balloon in the stratosphere on a semicircular trajectory from northern Sweden around the North Pole to Canada using the summer northern hemispheric wind current. The atmospheric conditions at an atmospheric altitude of 35–40 km are remarkably similar to those on the surface of Mars and thus the balloon mission was an ideal testbed for our mass spectrometer P-BACE. Originally this instrument was designed for in situ measurements of the chemical composition of the Martian atmosphere.P-BACE has a unique mass range from 0 to 1000 amu/q with a mass resolution m/Δm (FWHM) > 1000, and the dynamic range is at least six orders of magnitude. During this experiment, the acquisition of one mass spectrum is a sum of 65,535 single spectra, recorded in a time frame of 66 s.The balloon mission lasted 5 days and had successfully demonstrated the functionality of the P-BACE instrument during flight conditions. We had recorded more than 4500 mass spectra. With little modifications, P-BACE can be used on a planetary mission for Mars, but for example also for Venus or Mercury, if placed on a satellite.