On the Composition of the Solar Interior Rapporteur Paper I

Standard solar models, although they are free from the influence of much of the fluid motion that is bound to be present in the Sun, have been shown by helioseismology to represent the spherically averaged structure of the Sun amazingly well. This state of affairs has come about after painstaking refinements by a great many people of the pertinent microphysics, including that which controls the equation of state, the opacity, the nuclear reaction rates and the diffusion that inhibits gravitational segregation of chemical elements. It has instilled confidence in the modellers in being able to predict the composition of the solar interior. But there are consequences of the flow, related particularly to redistribution of chemical species, that can be difficult to identify observationally, yet which may degrade any inferences we might make. Their potential presence must at least be acknowledged by anyone who tries to asses the reliability of the models. This report summarizes the discussions in the preceding pages of this volume of the current theoretical and observational status of the subject, pointing to many of the caveats that have been raised, and attempting at the same time to put them into a seemingly coherent discourse in the context of our present understanding of the workings of the solar interior. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Intrinsic parameters of massive OB stars

We present the results of our observations of stars of type O5 and earlier and show that inclusion of the line blocking between 228 and 912 A solves the problem found by Herrero et al. (1992) in the determination of their stellar parameters. We study the influence of the line blocking and other effects on the mass and helium discrepancies and show that the first one is reduced by the use of spherical, non hydrostatic model atmospheres and that the second one is probably due to exposure of CNO material.The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the RGO in the Spanish Observatorio de El Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofsica de Canarias     

Investigation into the transient flow characteristics of noble gas propellants using the pulsed inductive discharge in electric propulsion

The Pulsed Inductive Thruster (PIT) has the advantages of repeatable startup, no corruption and in-situ propellant feed. To study the flow expansion and circuit characteristics of PITs, the circuit-fluid model is developed, and the high temperature thermodynamic and transport models are combined with the circuit-fluid model to predict the critical plasma parameters. The flow fields of initial mass of 2–8 mg and charge voltages of 10–14 kV are simulated. Comparison of the flow fields of argon and helium propellants suggests that, the flow field structures are similar. Slight differences exist on the magnitude of the density and magnetic field, caused by larger velocity in lighter atom case and difference on the ionization gap between adjacent ionization levels. Analysis of the circuit characteristics by the two-dimensional results indicates that the ratio of coil inductance to circuit inductance affects both the rise rate and phase of the plasma current, the larger the ratio, the greater the rise rate and the better the following characteristic. The calculations show that the magnetic energy obtained within the decoupling distance determines the overall performance the thruster can be obtained; self-induced field maintained by the thermal motion after the main pulse leads to the long attenuation process and difference on the total impulse when the angle of conical pylon is varied under constant coil dimension.     

基于充气结构的非常规飞艇设计

研究充气结构在飞艇设计、制造和操控方面的用途,提出一种由受压变硬的空心管组成的充气结构,其安装在飞艇囊体上,使得飞艇结构变得更坚固。这种设计创新可以降低结构质量,也可提高非常规飞艇的动力和机械性能。同时,由于这些充气结构的简易性,制造和操作过程中面临的难题将会大大减少。     

长时间累积检漏技术的可行性研究

随着载人航天器向大型化和长时间在轨的方向发展,现有总漏率测试方法的检漏灵敏度已经不能满足设计需求,通过延长总漏率测试时间提高灵敏度的方法亟需研究。文章从理论分析和试验验证两个方面研究了长时间累积检漏技术的可行性,为后续大型航天器检漏提供参考。     

高温气冷堆核电站主氦风机驱动电机绝缘系统评定技术研究

设计了一套在0.1 MPa氦气和空气环境下测试绝缘系统电气绝缘性能的试验装置,完成了0.1 MPa气压下氦气和空气中主氦风机驱动电机绝缘系统模型的局部放电起始电压(PDIV)、起晕电压、匝间冲击、绝缘电阻和工频击穿电压对比试验。试验结果表明:在0.1 MPa气压下,绝缘系统在氦气环境下的部分绝缘性能较空气中大幅下降,氦气环境下绝缘系统的PDIV值约为空气中的50%,起晕电压值约为空气中的20%~25%, 闪络(击穿)电压约为空气中的50%。     

平流层飞艇囊体气密层材料及氦气透过聚合物研究现状

 平流层飞艇是一种依靠主气囊充满轻于空气的气体的浮力在18～24 km高空工作的重要的低速近空间飞行器,飞艇囊体气密层材料的气体阻隔性能特别是对氦气的阻隔性能是确保平流层飞艇正常工作和延长驻空时间的关键技术。在介绍飞艇气囊工作原理的基础上,分析了平流层飞艇对囊体材料性能的要求,重点分析了对组成层压结构囊体的气密层材料的性能要求和选材依据,并对气体透过聚合物薄膜的一般过程和机理进行了阐述。详细归纳了国内外对用做浮空气体的氦气透过聚合物的研究现状,指出高阻隔气密层材料的国产化是中国发展平流层飞艇所面临的一个瓶颈问题。     

组合发动机微细通道氦加热器设计与流动换热

氦加热器是预冷组合发动机中重要的换热器之一,其原理是利用燃气燃烧的热量提高氦气做功能力,进而提升整个循环系统运行效率.研究中首先设计了蛇形管式、瓦片式、辐射式三种微细通道氦加热器.其次,基于FLUENT15.0软件对微细通道氦加热器管内外的对流换热系数和流动阻力进行了研究.对比模拟结果和经典关联式的计算结果,确定了适用...     

光纤捷联惯导系统检漏工艺技术

针对光纤惯导系统检漏方法中存在的问题,优化了检漏工艺流程,改进了检漏设备,设计了检漏工装,并对改进后的检漏工艺方法进行了试验验证。试验证明,该检漏工艺技术可满足光纤捷联惯导系统的检漏需求。     

量子电压的发展及应用

本文通过对直流电压国家副基准、可编程约瑟夫森直流电压标准、可编程量子低频电压标准、宽量程量子化电压标准、脉冲驱动型量子电压标准及便携式免液氦量子电压标准的描述,主要介绍了我国量子电压副基准的历史、现状、今后的发展及应用前景。