单相功率因数校正变换器的建模与仿真

根据单相功率因数校正变换器的结构和工作原理,建立了一种基于 MATLAB 的仿真模型,该方法具有原理清晰、仿真时间短、占用资源少的优点。     

共轴高速直升机振动载荷计算分析模型

共轴高速直升机上下旋翼之间存在强烈的气动干扰现象,这对旋翼的气动特性影响较大。本文根据这一特点并考虑气弹耦合计算效率,利用单旋翼自由尾迹模型的尾迹几何和固定尾迹计算的初始诱导速度分布作为共轴双旋翼预定尾迹模型的初始迭代值。与Leishman-Beddoes非定常动态失速模型、Pitt-Peters动态入流模型、共轴直升机上下旋翼桨叶全本征动力学方程及弹性桨叶与变距轴承边界约束条件等计算模块相结合,建立了一种考虑上下旋翼之间气动干扰及耦合迭代的共轴双旋翼振动载荷计算模型。为验证本分析模型的计算精度,以西科斯基公司的验证机XH-59A为研究对象,与国外风洞试验结果进行了对比,两者吻合较好。     

基于直升机平台SAR的方位重影抑制方法

直升机合成孔径雷达(SAR)已成为遥感领域的重要探测工具。针对平台微小高频振动导致方位重影,造成图像质量降低的问题,提出了一种振动相位补偿算法。首先利用回波录取的几何构型,推导基于直升机振动平台的SAR回波表达式,并引入雅可比-安格尔恒等式,对回波完成一阶贝塞尔级数展开,获得高频振动误差与方位向重影的关系式。然后,从直升机SAR实测数据入手,对方位相位进行差分、提取和快速傅里叶变换,得到振动频点信息,并对频点信息进行反演,得到高频误差相位。最后,利用高频误差相位对原始回波进行补偿,抑制成对回波模糊现象,从而消除方位重影。基于实测数据的成像处理结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于卷积神经网络技术的直升机旋翼谱识别方法

针对直升机雷达回波在时频二维分布图上的分布特性,提出一种基于卷积神经网络技术的直升机旋翼谱识别方法,实现了直升机旋翼谱与其他类型目标的区分,从而有效识别直升机。当雷达工作在低重复频率(LPRF)时,直升机旋翼回波在时频分布图上呈现明显的扩展特征。通过仿真与实测数据分析,表明该特征与其他目标回波在频率维分布特性存在较大差异。利用卷积神经网络中的卷积核技术,将实测数据与卷积核矩阵进行二维卷积运算,依据输出矩阵实现了直升机旋翼谱的识别。利用实际采集的直升机回波数据进行验证,证明该方法是有效的,可应用于各种采用脉冲多普勒工作体制的雷达系统。     

旋翼转速变化对直升机需用功率、配平、振动及噪声的影响分析

建立了适用于变转速旋翼直升机的综合分析模型,该模型可用于综合分析直升机稳态飞行时的旋翼需用功率、全机配平操纵、旋翼桨毂振动水平与旋翼气动噪声。并且使用UH-60A"黑鹰"直升机的飞行试验数据及相关研究结果验证综合分析方法的准确性。在此基础上,分析旋翼转速变化对旋翼需用功率、全机配平操纵、旋翼桨毂振动水平与旋翼气动噪声的影响,从而为转速优化设计提供依据。结果表明,改变旋翼转速会导致上述4个特性同时发生明显变化,而在本文算例中适当地降低旋翼转速可最多降低19.2%的旋翼需用功率与6.7%的旋翼气动噪声,但是却会造成旋翼操纵受限和旋翼桨毂振动增加的不良后果。     

空间太阳能电站的准对日定向姿态

针对空间太阳能电站的俯仰姿态运动,提出一种能追踪太阳运动的准对日定向(QSP)姿态方案。此方案的太阳能电池阵列在万有引力梯度力矩的作用下,始终在垂直于太阳光的方向附近作幅值约为18.8°的振动,且几乎不需要姿态控制力矩。准对日定向姿态方案解决了大型太阳能电池阵列对日定向所需的巨大俯仰姿态控制力矩问题。准对日定向姿态的发电效率为对日定向姿态的97.3%,对Abacus空间太阳能电站而言每年可节省燃料约36791 kg。通过数值方法得到了准对日定向姿态的精确初始条件。随后,设计了比例-微分控制器,保证了系统存在初始姿态误差的条件下收敛到准对日定向姿态。最后研究了轨道、姿态和结构振动对准对日定向姿态的影响,并发现准对日定向姿态下的结构振动幅值比对日定向姿态减小约40倍。     

立方星电源系统最大功率点跟踪优化控制方法

针对立方星在能量来源严重受限条件下如何提高太阳能利用率的难题,提出一种适用于立方星的集中供电式空间微电源架构(EPS),并设计基于改进粒子群优化算法的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略来提升能量转换效率。首先,推导太阳电池阵列的数学模型,并根据太阳电池阵列的工作特性,提出电源系统最大功率点跟踪控制的物理系统实现结构。其次,设计基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)的最大功率点跟踪控制算法,并进行了数学仿真校验。最后,对所设计的电源系统架构进行了硬件实现和试验验证。地面试验结果表明,电源系统的太阳能最大转换效率可达95.5%。该电源系统成功应用于世界首颗12U立方星“翱翔之星”的飞行试验,在轨数据表明电源系统工作状态良好,为微纳卫星电源系统的设计提供了有益参考。     

盘式对转永磁风力发电机设计与分析

针对现有风力发电系统普遍存在的工作风速范围较窄、风能利用率较低等问题,设计了一种盘式双转子对转永磁风力发电机,双转子对转运行。在介绍该电机的结构与运行原理的基础上,推导了电机功率尺寸方程,给出了该电机的初步设计方法。利用有限元软件对电机进行了三维建模和动态仿真分析,得到其磁路特点和电磁性能,验证了所提设计方法的有效性。     

State of art on energy management strategy for hybrid-powered unmanned aerial vehicle

New energy sources such as solar energy and hydrogen energy have been applied to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), which could be formed as the hybrid power sources due to the requirement of miniaturization, lightweight, and environmental protection issue for UAV. Hybrid electrical propulsion technology has been used in UAV and it further enforces this trend for the evolution to the Hybrid-Powered System(HPS). In order to realize long endurance flight mission and improve the energy efficiency of UAV, many researching works are focused on the Energy Management Strategy(EMS) of the HPS with digital simulation, ground demonstration platforms and a few flight tests for the UAV in recent years. energy management strategy, in which off-line or on-line control algorithms acted as the core part, could optimize dynamic electrical power distribution further and directly affect the efficiency and fuel economy of hybrid-powered system onboard.In order to give the guideline for this emerging technology for UAV, this paper presents a review of the topic highlighting energy optimal management strategies of UAV. The characteristics of typical new energy sources applied in UAV are summarized firstly, and then the classification and analysis of the architecture for hybrid power systems in UAV are presented. In the context of new energy sources and configuration of energy system, a comprehensive comparison and analysis for the state of art of EMS are presented, and the various levels of complexity and accuracy of EMS are considered in terms of real time, computational burden and optimization performance based on the optimal control and operational modes of UAV. Finally, the tendency and challenges of energy management strategy applied to the UAV have been forecasted.     

Robust adaptive compensation control for unmanned autonomous helicopter with input saturation and actuator faults

This paper studies a robust adaptive compensation Fault Tolerant Control(FTC) for the medium-scale Unmanned Autonomous Helicopter(UAH) in the presence of external disturbances,actuator faults and input saturation.To improve the disturbance rejection capacity of the UAH system in actuator healthy case, an adaptive control method is adopted to cope with the external disturbances and a nominal controller is proposed to stabilize the system.Meanwhile, compensation control inputs are designed to reduce the negative effects derived from actuator faults and input saturation.Based on the backstepping control and inner-outer loop control technologies, a robust adaptive FTC scheme is developed to guarantee the tracking errors convergence.Under the presented FTC controller, the uniform ultimate boundedness of all closed-loop signals is ensured via Lyapunov stability analysis.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.