退火算法在电子元件位置优化上的应用

一块电路板上有电子元件，它们不仅有热源，而且相互和，另外与空气还交换热，对这类问题建立线性数学模型，从而算出温度稳态分布，因为许多集成电路系统可靠性很大程度上取愉于温度，所以温度的模拟显向很重要性，把温度模型与退火算法相结合可以获得元件最接近优化的布局，并用一个例子加以说明，通过优化能降低板子最高温度，从而提高系统的可靠性。     

喷管偏转对航空发动机特性影响的试验

通过整机地面试验的方法,对喷管偏转后发动机不同工作状态下各参数的分析,获得了矢量偏转时发动机推力损失、偏转效率、发动机工作特性变化等数据.试验结果表明:在相同高压转速下,随着几何矢量角的增大,发动机的推力损失增大,偏转效率先增大后减小;在相同几何矢量角下,随着转速的增加,发动机推力损失经历由增大到减小的过程,矢量喷管的偏转效率增大,但偏转效率均小于1;节流状态时发动机转速差随着几何矢量角的增大而增大,中间状态时发动机转速差不受几何矢量角的影响;发动机节流状态时的矢量偏转使风扇工作线上移,风扇裕度减小,工程应用中需考虑扩稳措施.      

新型三维织物夹芯复合材料的制备及其力学性能

以玻璃纤维为原料,采用特殊的三维织造工艺,织制经向剖面为矩形的新型三维夹芯织物。以环氧树脂E-51、9055型固化剂组成树脂基体体系,采用手糊成型工艺将上述机织物复合制成三维织物夹芯复合材料。对高度为10、20及30 mm的三维织物夹芯复合材料的力学性能进行研究,重点分析夹芯层高度对材料压缩与弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:随着夹芯层高度的增加,材料的压缩强度与模量逐渐下降,弯曲强度逐渐上升,弯曲模量逐渐下降,其中纬向弯曲强度明显大于经向。     

Lunar laser topography by LALT on board the KAGUYA lunar explorer – Operational history,new topographic data,peak height analysis of laser echo pulses

In this paper we review the lunar laser ranging conducted by the laser altimeter (LALT) on board the KAGUYA lunar explorer (2007–2009). Five aspects of LALT measurements are described: (1) General operational history, (2) Laser shot and data statistics, (3) Revisions to LALT topographic data, (4) Variations in laser output energy, and (5) Peak height analysis of laser echo pulses. LALT was able to range to the lunar surface despite some troubles with respect to laser output energy in the middle of the KAGUYA mission. The time series topographic data set was revised (Ver. 2) by incorporating new lunar gravity model based on KAGUYA and other historical lunar satellite’s orbit data, along with other improvements, for example by incorporating the accurate position of the laser collimator on board the KAGUYA; however, more than half of the acquired range data could not be converted properly due to problems with orbit accuracy during the extended phase of the mission. The spherical harmonic coefficients and the basic lunar figure parameters derived from LALT_LGT_TS agree very well with LRO-LOLA and the Chang’E-1 LAM model. It is possible that partial failure to the laser diode was responsible for the gradual degradation of laser power (0.835 mJ per million shots) and the rapid decrease that occurred over April 9–14, 2008. The laser power also proved to be extremely sensitive to the temperature of the laser oscillator. The peak height ratio – that is peak height telemetry data divided by calculated ratio – is about 19% on average using the mean slope and albedo data from LALT and Spectral Profiler on KAGUYA space craft, respectively, which suggests the performance of peak height measurement is more than 1/5 for more than 70 km altitude, if compared with calculated one. The peak height ratio may be better if we take the effect of small scale topography within a footprint into account.     

Longitudinal differences in the equatorial spread F characteristics between Vietnam and Brazil

We present the results of a comparative study of the equatorial spread F (ESF) and the F layer critical parameter, the base height of the F layer bottomside (h′F) over the two equatorial sites, Ho Chi Minh City – HCM (dip latitude: 2.9°N) in Vietnam and Sao Luis – SL (dip latitude: ∼2°S) in Brazil. The study utilizes simultaneous data collected by a CADI at HCM and a digisonde at SL during the year 2002 with the monthly mean solar 10.7 cm flux (F10.7) varying from ∼120 to ∼185. This study focuses on the quiet time seasonal behavior of the F layer parameters in the two widely separated longitude sectors, and addresses the question as to what can we learn from such comparative studies with respect to the ambient ionospheric and thermospheric parameters that are believed to control the ESF generation and hence its longitudinal occurrence pattern. The observed differences/similarities in the diurnal and seasonal patterns of the F Layer height vis-à-vis the ESF occurrences are evaluated in terms of the known longitudinal differences in the F layer heights, thermospheric meridional winds and the geomagnetic peculiarities of the two sites.     

Improved precision of virtual height measurements with coherent radio pulse sounding based on the maximum likelihood method

The paper describes a new technique that improves precision of the virtual height measurements by a coherent pulse sounding of the ionosphere. Proposed technique is based on the method of maximum likelihood that matches expected and observed spectral domain signatures of the signal intermixed with the noise. Computer simulations show that our technique allows measurements of the echo virtual height with ∼100 m precision even at a much coarser step of the height sampling in the sounder. In experiment, we expect an average 300 m precision of the virtual height measurements for single echoes received during periods of little spread due to ionospheric irregularities.     

非英语专业本科生学习风格探究及启示

研究学习风格和英语学习成绩之间存在的关系。利用PLSPQ对河南省洛阳市三所高校的479名非英语专业二年级学生进行调查问卷,以学生的四级成绩为依据,分析其学习风格总体状况及其偏好以及在学习风格上所呈现出的差异。结果表明,非英语专业本科生触觉型学习风格的倾向性最为明显,听觉型学习风格倾向最弱,就学习风格而言,英语学习成绩优异者与成绩较差者存在较为明显的差异。结论是学习风格与学习成绩之间并没有显著的关系。     

Storm time behavior of topside scale height inferred from the ionosphere–plasmasphere model driven by the F2 layer peak and GPS-TEC observations

The International Reference Ionosphere model extended to the plasmasphere, IRI-Plas, presents global electron density profiles and total electron content, TECiri, up to the altitude of the GPS satellites (20,000 km). The model code is modified by input of GPS-derived total electron content, TECgps, so that the topside scale height, Hsc, is obtained minimizing in one step the difference between TECiri and TECgps observation. The topside basis scale height, Hsc, presents the distance in km above the peak height at which the peak plasma density, NmF2, decays by a factor of e (∼2.718). The ionosonde derived F2 layer peak density and height and GPS-derived TECgps data are used with IRI-Plas code during the main phase of more than 100 space weather storms for a period of 1999–2006. Data of seven stations are used for the analysis, and data from five other stations served as testing database. It is found that the topside basis scale height is growing (depressing) when the peak electron density (critical frequency foF2) and electron content are decreased (increased) compared to the median value, and vice versa. Relative variability of the scale height, rHsc, and the instantaneous Hsc are inferred analytically in a function of the instantaneous foF2, median fmF2 and median Hmsc avoiding a reference to geomagnetic indices. Results of validation suggest reliability of proposed algorithm for implementation in an operational mode.     

利用旋转双天线载波相位双差的欺骗干扰检测技术

有效的欺骗干扰检测是防止卫星导航接收机被欺骗干扰攻击的前提。提出了一种基于旋转双天线载波相位双差的卫星导航接收机欺骗干扰检测技术,在对接收机双天线匀速旋转时输出载波相位测量值进行载波相位双差处理后,利用广义似然比检验实现了对单一发射天线输出欺骗干扰信号的检测。进一步分析了旋转半径和数据长度对检测性能的影响,并与旋转单天线和天线阵载波相位双差欺骗干扰检测方法的性能进行了对比。最后,通过蒙特卡罗方法进行了仿真验证,结果表明了该检测方法和检测性能分析的正确性。     

基于程序集成及响应面模型的电机冷却性能优化

建立某60 kW电动汽车用永磁同步电机模型,理论分析得到最佳流道条数以及流道参数取值范围。以冷却流道宽度a、高度b作为设计变量,电机温升和流道进出口压差作为目标函数,通过Isight集成网格变形软件Sculptor和CFD计算软件Fluent,应用拉丁超立方设计方法创建样本点,并进行数据的自动提交仿真计算。根据得到的数据建立响应面模型,采用多岛遗传算法对近似模型寻优。优化后,电机温升和进出口压差分别下降了6.01%、6.81%,电机的性能和安全运行得到了保障。