差值法与比值法的误差修正效果比较研究及应用

差值法与比值法对不同测量系统的误差修正效果不一样。本文将两种方法的比较用一个比值来描述,并用推得的公式进行量化表示。在进一步的应用研究中,理论分析与实验数据相互印证,同时得到许多有益的结论,有助于全面掌握测量系统的误差来源,从而灵活选择各种修正方法以获得更加准确的测量结果。     

飞航导弹地标被动观测自主导航修正技术

飞航导弹在外界导航系统不可用的情况下,可对航路上已知精确地理位置的典型地标进行测角和测距,从而实现对导弹导航位置误差的修正.飞航导弹为提高其隐蔽性,不能使用雷达或激光等有源测量设备,而采用成像观测又无法得到距离信息.因此为解决飞航导弹航路中隐蔽式导航自主修正的难题,提出了基于气压高度表的被动观测UKF滤波导航修正技术,从而实现飞航导弹在完全隐蔽情况下导航坐标的自主修正.     

轴向运动粘弹性板横向振动分析的有限差分方法

研究轴向运动粘弹性矩形薄板的横向振动特性.根据牛顿第二定律建立了偏微分控制方程,采用有限差分法,计算四边简支边界条件下粘弹性板的无量纲固有复频率.重点讨论了矩形薄板的粘弹性系数、轴向无量纲运动速度对其横向振动特性的影响.     

利用GPS载波相位实时测定动态飞行器姿态

本文阐述了利用GPS载波相位信号进行实时飞行器姿态测定的基本思想,建立了整个系统实时确定载体姿态的数学模型;给出了动态整周模糊单差的求解过程,阐明了其物理意义．     

点焊机使用稳定性的研究

分析了焊接回路中连接处产生热量和焊接处产生热量的关系及其对整机性能的影响。指出了焊接回路中连接处采用相同材料,消除接触电阻,连接电位差,扩大接触面积,加强流动水冷却是减少发热的主要措施。提高焊机使用的稳定性是确保焊机固有可靠性,延长焊机的使用寿命的主要途径。     

航天器实验模型的热网络分析

采用航天器热控系统设计中常用的热分析计算方法——节点网络法,对一航天器实验模型进行了温度计算,并将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较。采用修正后的网络系数,大部分仪器温度计算值与实验值差值的绝对值在３℃以内,少数在３℃～５℃之间,极个别超过５℃。     

Two-level optimization approach for Mars orbital long-duration,large non-coplanar rendezvous phasing maneuvers

A relative dynamics equation-set based on orbital element differences with J₂ effects is derived, based on which a two-level approach is proposed to optimize the Mars orbital rendezvous phasing with a large difference in the initial ascending node. The up-level problem uses the revolution deviation between the target spacecraft and the chaser as the design variable, and employs a linear search to find the optimum. The low-level problem uses the maneuver revolutions, locations, and impulses as the design variables, and is solved using a hybrid genetic algorithm combined with sequential quadratic programming. To improve the solution accuracy, an iteration method is developed to satisfy the terminal constraints of the absolute numerical integration trajectory. Test cases involving Mars sample return missions with large initial node differences are presented, which show that the relative dynamics, two-level optimization model, and hybrid optimization algorithm are efficient and robust. Compared with previously published results, the total velocity increment has been further reduced by utilizing this proposed approach. It is found that a five-impulse plan requires the least quantity of propellant, and a propellant-optimal minimum rendezvous duration exists for this long-duration, large non-coplanar rendezvous problem.     

Comparison of topside ionosphere scale height modeled by the Topside Sounder Model and incoherent scatter radar ionospheric model

The topside ionosphere scale height extracted from two empirical models are compared in the paper. The Topside Sounder Model (TSM) provides directly the scale height (H_T), while the incoherent scatter radar ionospheric model (ISRIM) provides electron density profiles and its scale height (H_R) is determined by the lowest gradient in the topside part of the profile. H_T and H_R are presented for 7 ISR locations along with their dependences on season, local time, solar flux F10.7, and geomagnetic index ap. Comparison reveals that H_T values are systematically lower than respective H_R values as the average offset for all 7 stations is 55 km. For the midlatitude stations Arecibo, Shigaraki, and Millstone Hill this difference is reduced to 43 km. The range of variations of H_R is much larger than that of H_T, as the H_T range overlaps the lower part of the H_R range. Dependences on ap, DoY and LT are much stronger in the ISRIM than in TSM. This results in much larger values of H_R at higher ap. Diurnal amplitude of H_R is much larger than that of H_T, with large maximum of H_R at night. The present comparison yields the conclusion that the ISR measurements provide steeper topside Ne profiles than that provided by the topside sounders.     

The variation of equatorial spread-F occurrences observed by ionosondes at Thailand longitude sector

The equatorial spread-F (ESF) is a phenomenon of ionopheric irregularities which are mainly generated by the generalized Rayleigh–Taylor (R–T) instability mechanism in conjunction with the other physical mechanisms, originated at the bottom side of the F-layer in the equatorial region after sunset. It degrades the quality of signals that propagate through these irregularities, especially in the navigation satellite system, which requires the high integrity signals. In this work, we analyze the ESF statistics obtained from the FM/CW ionosonde stations over Thailand longitude sector. One is at Chumphon (10.72°N, 99.37°E, dip latitude 3.0°), located near the geomagnetic equator, and the other station is located at Chiangmai (18.76°N, 98.93°E, dip latitude 12.7°). Both stations are as part of the South-East Asia Low Latitude Ionospheric Network (SEALION) project. The ionograms are obtained at every 15 min from September 2004 to August 2005, which has the monthly mean of solar 10.7 cm flux (F10.7) from ∼80 to ∼110. In addition, we compare the diurnal patterns between the ESF occurrences and the variation of virtual height of the F-layer bottom side (h’F) of these two stations. The results show that the ESF occurrences at Chumphon stations are higher than Chiangmai station in all seasons. The high ESF occurrences of both stations mostly occur in equinoctial months corresponded with the rapid rising of the monthly mean h’F in the post-sunset. However, some inconsistent results are still observed, implying the role of other factors such as gravity waves and planetary waves to ESF occurrences.     

从《喜福会》看中西方文化的差异与交融

通过对电影《喜福会》中不同人物性格、生活方式及个人命运的刻画,生活化地描写了中西方文化差异与交融,也深刻细致地表达出这种差异和交融对人们的启发和思考,表达作家谭恩美的人生观和中西方文化交融中的世界观。几位女性主人公的命运是中西方文化差异和交融的现实体现。