起落架油气式缓冲器设计中压缩比的选取

从理论上探讨缓冲器压缩比的选择范围。提出当缓冲器压缩比(静态对全伸展之比q_(so)、全压缩对静态之比q_(ms))的取值范围为2.5～4.5时,既可以较大限度地减少缓冲器体积,又可以把起落架的动载荷限制在较低的范围内,并为以往经验地选取压缩比提供理论基础。     

Global dynamics of high area-to-mass ratios GEO space debris by means of the MEGNO indicator

In this paper we provide an extensive analysis of the global dynamics of high-area-to-mass ratios geosynchronous (GEO) space debris, applying a recent technique developed by Cincotta and Simó [Cincotta, P.M., Simó, C.Simple tools to study global dynamics in non-axisymmetric galactic potentials–I. Astron. Astrophys. (147), 205–228, 2000.], Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), which provides an efficient tool to investigate both regular and chaotic components of the phase space.     

基于知识辅助的海面目标航迹起始方法

针对海环境下不同雷达观测测量准确度存在差异而导致观测数据质量存在差异的问题,提出了一种基于知识辅助的海面目标航迹起始方法。该方法首先利用先验知识幅度信息计算幅度似然比,并以幅度似然比的大小来表示观测数据质量的高低;然后,利用幅度似然比辅助Hough空间参数积累,并对航迹初选参数进行初值修正,提高Mean Shift多尺度聚类滤波初值的准确性,减少迭代次数,再通过最优筛选的方法分析得到目标的真实航迹起始数目和航迹起始参数;最后,通过仿真数据证明了本文所提方法的有效性和优越性。     

异构多星编队的脉冲构型保持控制方法

近地轨道的双星编队通常设计具有自稳定性的编队构型参数初值,通过保持编队构型参数形成长期稳定的相对周期运动。针对编队中卫星数量增多产生的相对运动耦合问题,提出了基于Hill坐标和三角函数公式的多星相对运动分析方法。基于SAR载荷测量基线定义,结合多星编队构型参数的相对运动特性,提出了编队构型参数的设计方法,能够实现多星编队的最大有效基线组合。通过分析J2项摄动和大气阻力摄动的长期影响,研究了异构多星编队的相对运动衍化规律,提出了主从形式的脉冲偏置控制,能够有效保持针对异构多星编队设计的编队构型。通过面质比异构的四星编队控制仿真,验证了脉冲偏置控制形式下异构多星编队构型保持控制方法的有效性。     

复合材料结构系统的可靠性分析方法

 <正> This paper presents a full quantity loading method for reliability analysis of composite structural systems in consideration of degradation of the structural Stiffness. According to the value of utilization ratios of members, critical members can be found out. The way of composing the critical members in groups is used to enumerate and identify significant failure modes. Some kinds of principles of deletion and mergence of failure modes are adopted. Some illustrative examples show that the method is vety efficient, especially for large scale composite structural system.     

Symplectic integration of space debris motion considering several Earth’s shadowing models

In this work, we present a symplectic integration scheme to numerically compute space debris motion. Such an integrator is particularly suitable to obtain reliable trajectories of objects lying on high orbits, especially geostationary ones. Indeed, it has already been demonstrated that such objects could stay there for hundreds of years. Our model takes into account the Earth’s gravitational potential, luni-solar and planetary gravitational perturbations and direct solar radiation pressure. Based on the analysis of the energy conservation and on a comparison with a high order non-symplectic integrator, we show that our algorithm allows us to use large time steps and keep accurate results. We also propose an innovative method to model Earth’s shadow crossings by means of a smooth shadow function. In the particular framework of symplectic integration, such a function needs to be included analytically in the equations of motion in order to prevent numerical drifts of the energy. For the sake of completeness, both cylindrical shadows and penumbra transitions models are considered. We show that both models are not equivalent and that big discrepancies actually appear between associated orbits, especially for high area-to-mass ratios.     

国外航空公司的财务比率分析

比率分析法是目前西方财务报表分析中应用最普遍的方法之一。以国外航空公司特别是英航的财务数据为基础，就国外被广泛采用的重要财务比率进行了分析，并选择了国外几大航空公司的比率进行了比较，旨在为中国航空公司进行财务报表分析提供比率分析方面的比较和借鉴。     

非一致终端约束下火星大气进入段制导律设计

针对小升阻比的火星探测器在火星大气进入过程中所面临的难点问题,对火星大气进入过程制导方法进行了研究。首先在确知探测器弹道系数和升阻比的前提下,考虑过程量及开伞条件约束,优化设计再入飞行的初始再入角。然后考虑非一致终端约束和飞行器的有限机动能力,设计参考轨迹剖面,并确保其能提供足够的裕度来应付各种参数不确定性。最后设计标准轨道法制导律,完成轨迹有效跟踪,并通过六自由度仿真验证了算法的合理性,为火星着陆项目中大气进入段制导方案设计提供参考。     

The Composition of the Solar Wind in Polar Coronal Holes

The solar wind charge state and elemental compositions have been measured with the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometers (SWICS) on Ulysses and ACE for a combined period of about 25 years. This most extensive data set includes all varieties of solar wind flows and extends over more than one solar cycle. With SWICS the abundances of all charge states of He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar and Fe can be reliably determined (when averaged over sufficiently long time periods) under any solar wind flow conditions. Here we report on results of our detailed analysis of the elemental composition and ionization states of the most unbiased solar wind from the polar coronal holes during solar minimum in 1994–1996, which includes new values for the abundance S, Ca and Ar and a more accurate determination of the ²⁰Ne abundance. We find that in the solar minimum polar coronal hole solar wind the average freezing-in temperature is ∼1.1×10⁶ K, increasing slightly with the mass of the ion. Using an extrapolation method we derive photospheric abundances from solar wind composition measurements. We suggest that our solar-wind-derived values should be used for the photospheric ratios of Ne/Fe=1.26±0.28 and Ar/Fe=0.030±0.007.     

挖补修理对复合材料层合板拉伸性能的影响

挖补修理是一种先进的复合材料层合板损伤修理技术,分为斜接法和阶梯法两种类型。本文研究不同修补结构对斜接法挖补修理试验件力学性能的影响。对斜接法楔形砂磨斜坡比率为1:10、1:20、1:30和1:40的复合材料层合板修理试验件的拉伸性能进行了研究,同时总结了斜接法修理后试件的断裂位置特征。结果表明:斜接法斜坡比率为1:30的挖补修理试件的抗拉强度最好,外加补片会提高试件的抗拉强度,外加补片层数2层为宜。断裂类型主要有脱胶断裂和补片断裂。