编队星座相对位置精确测定与自主定轨方法

针对编队飞行星座,提出了一种全自主的高精度定轨与相对位置精确测定方法,对其主要关键技术之一的空间绝对定向的基本方案及其可行性和指标进行了研究,并进行了仿真验证.结果表明,通过编队星座星间高精度的距离测量和绝对定向观测,可以实现无需地面测控站和卫星导航系统支持下的编队星座全自主导航方案;在一定测距和测向误差条件下,绝对定轨精度可以优于20m,相对位置确定精度可优于10cm.相对误差与采样间隔有较明显关系,未来可考虑采样间隔控制在10s以内即可;绝对位置误差大小与采样间隔无明显关系,其中的主要误差是星座的整体平移误差.仿真结果验证了所提方案的正确性.      

Comparison analyses on the 150 × 150 lunar gravity field models by gravity/topography admittance,correlation and precision orbit determination

We analyzed the 150 × 150 lunar gravity field models, LP150Q, GLGM-3 and SGM150, using the power spectrum on the lunar nearside and farside, the lunar global and localized gravity/topography admittance and correlation, and Chang’E-2 precision orbit determination to investigate which model is a more effective tool to estimate geophysical parameters and determine the lunar satellite precision orbit. Results indicate that all gravity field models can be used to estimate the lunar geophysical parameters of the nearside of the Moon. However, SGM150 is better in such computation of the farside. Additionally, SGM150 is shown to be the most useful model for determining the lunar satellite orbit.     

Imaging interplanetary CMEs at radio frequency from solar polar orbit

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a great concentration of mass and energy input into the lower corona. They have come to be recognized as the major driver of physical conditions change in the Sun–Earth system. Consequently, observations of CMEs are important for understanding and ultimately predicting space weather conditions. This paper discusses a proposed mission, the Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) mission, which will observe the propagation of interplanetary CMEs to distances of near 0.35 AU from the Sun. The orbit of SPORT is an elliptical solar polar orbit. The inclination angle between the orbit and ecliptic plane should be about 90°. The main payload on board SPORT will be an imaging radiometer working at the meter wavelength band (radio telescope), which can follow the propagation of interplanetary CMEs. The images that are obtained by the radio telescope embody the brightness temperature of the objectives. Due to the very large size required for the antenna aperture of the radio telescope, we adopt interferometric imaging technology to reduce it. Interferometric imaging technology is based on indirect spatial frequency domain measurements plus Fourier transformation. The SPORT spacecraft will also be equipped with a set of optical and in situ measurement instruments such as a EUV solar telescope, a solar wind ion instrument, an energetic particle detector, a magnetometer, a wave detector and a solar radio burst spectrometer.     

导航卫星的地面站定轨算法

导航星座轨道的长期保持是星座导航系统运营管理的重要组成部分,而现有的导航卫星地面定轨算法又存在精度不高或计算量大不适合工程应用的问题。为此,研究了单向、被动测量模式的导航卫星地面定轨算法。基于单向伪距观测,将导航卫星钟差参数作为状态量,推导了滤波算法的状态方程、测量方程,并最终建立了滤波器模型。以不同轨道面的4颗GPS导航卫星为例进行了2天的仿真试验,考虑卫星的可见性仿真中加入了测量中断,并设计在测量恢复后重启滤波算法。仿真结果表明,4颗卫星的轨道位置估计精度可以达到米级,钟差随机偏差的估计精度可以达到纳秒级,并且在滤波中断后重启滤波器,仍然可以达到此估计精度,表明此定轨算法具有收敛性和稳定性。     

卫星快速绕飞轨迹设计与制导

快速绕飞在航天器近距离观测、空间目标识别与侦察、在轨服务与应急情况处理活动中具有重要应用。首先建立了适用于目标航天器运行在圆轨道或椭圆轨道的相对运动状态转移矩阵;然后,推导了采用多脉冲控制方法实现与目标航天器共面和异面快速绕飞、进入绕飞和退出绕飞的轨迹设计与制导的模型和算法;最后,分析了绕飞过程速度脉冲需求与绕飞参数的关系。仿真计算结果表明所提出的快速绕飞轨迹设计模型和制导算法可以用于对圆轨道或椭圆轨道目标航天器的共面或异面快速绕飞。     

单级入轨运载器推进系统方案分析

选择了九种双组元和三组元发动机系统方案,计算了各种方案发动机的性能和质量。当单级入轨运载器主推进系统由这些发动机组成时,计算和分析了推进系统的组成方式对运载器干质量的影响。计算结果表明,当推进系统全部由三组元发动机组成时,运载器干质量最小。     

定时定点月面着陆全程轨道控制设计

针对定时定点月面着陆的目标要求,提出了全程轨道控制设计方法。进行了包括地月转移、近月制动、环月降轨和动力下降的全程轨道控制的分段设计和联合规划,实现在入轨轨道偏差条件下的定时定点月面着陆。分别构建了中途修正、近月制动、环月降轨三段轨道控制的规划变量和目标参数;根据轨道倾角建立了动力下降点与着陆点的匹配转换关系。设计了中途修正、近月制动、环月降轨、动力下降的全程轨道控制策略的联合规划。建立了着陆位置偏差与轨道倾角偏差、着陆时间偏差与轨道半长轴偏差的修正关系,修正设计了中途修正目标倾角和近月制动目标半长轴。仿真算例表明,在入轨偏差轨道条件下,保证了中途修正后的飞行轨道与标称轨道基本一致,实现了与标称状态基本一致的定时定点月面着陆。可应用于月球着陆、月球采样返回以及载人登月等实施月面定时定点着陆任务的轨道设计和控制实施。     

面向小推力变轨的天文组合自主导航方法

针对小行星探测任务对导航系统自主性强、实时性高的需求,研究了一种面向小推力变轨的天文组合自主导航方法。根据工程实践分析并建立了电推进变轨过程中的动力学模型,给出了天文测角测速组合的小行星探测自主导航方案。为克服小行星探测器推力的不确定性,提出了采用自适应交互式多模型无迹卡尔曼滤波(AIMM-UKF)算法,以较少的模型个数实现对导航系统状态的覆盖,克服了模型集合先验信息不准确对导航精度的影响,提高了组合导航系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。最后,通过数学仿真对组合导航算法的性能进行了验证,结果表明本文提出的组合导航方法估计精度更高、计算消耗更小,可满足小行星探测工程任务对导航系统自主性、实时性和高精度的需求。     

Halo轨道转移及中途修正问题研究(英文)

This article addresses the design of the trajectory transferring from Earth to Halo orbit, and proposes a timing closed-loop strategy of correction maneuver during the transfer in the frame of circular restricted three body problem （CR3BP）. The relation between the Floquet multipliers and the magnitudes of Halo orbit is established, so that the suitable magnitude for the aerospace mission is chosen in terms of the stability of Halo orbit. The stable manifold is investigated from the Poincar6 mapping defined which is different from the previous researches, and six types of single-impulse transfer trajectories are attained from the geometry of the invariant manifolds. Based on one of the trajectories of indirect transfer which are ignored in the most of literatures, the stochastic control theory for imperfect information of the discrete linear stochastic system is applied to design the trajectory correction maneuver. The statistical dispersion analysis is performed by Monte-Carlo simulation,     

基于Ku频段静止轨道卫星的机载宽带通信网络技术的研究

详细阐述了基于Ku频段静止轨道卫星的机载宽带通信网路技术，探讨了该技术方案应用的安全性，认为该技术方案可作为民用飞机客舱内的主要网络方式在国内民航业进行推广。