Accuracy and consistency of different global ionospheric maps released by IGS ionosphere associate analysis centers

Due to the differences of ionospheric modeling methods and selected tracking stations, the accuracy and consistency of Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs) released by Ionosphere Associate Analysis Centers (IAACs) are different. In this study, we evaluate and analyze in detail the accuracy and consistency of GIMs final products provided by six IAACs from three different aspects. Firstly, the comparison of these GIMs shows that the mean bias (MEAN) is related to the modeling methods of various IAACs. The variation trend of the standard deviation (STD) is consistent with the solar activities, and accompanied by certain seasonal and annual periodic variations. The MEAN between IGS and each center is about −1.3 to 1.0 TECU, and the STD is about 1.4–2.5 TECU. Secondly, the validation with GPS TEC shows that the STD of CODE is the smallest at various latitudes, and the STD is about 0.7–4.5 TECU. Thirdly, The validation with the Jason2 VTEC shows that the STD between Jason2 and IAACs is about 4.4–5.2 TECU. In addition, the STD between Jason2 and six GIMs in the areas with more tracking stations is better than that of the regions with fewer tracking stations in different latitude regions. Regardless of whether the tracking stations are more or less, the MEAN and STD in high solar activity are larger than in low solar activity.     

逻辑函数化简的子母卡诺图法

本文提出了一种逻辑函数化简的子母卡诺图法，可用于五变量、六变量逻辑函数的快速、准确化简。     

Dysfunctions of Spatial Cognition in Schizophrenic Patients

ABSTRACT

Twenty outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 28 control participants were invited to learn a route through a complex outdoor environment. They were then tested in tasks intended to explore various aspects of their memorized representation of the navigational episode. Compared to controls, the patients showed significant impairment in both the verbal production of route directions and the drawing of sketch maps. They referred to fewer landmarks and provided fewer directional instructions than the controls, while making a greater number of irrelevant comments. When invited to distinguish between photographs showing views of landmarks encountered along the route and distractors, they performed as well as the controls, and they had similar response times. However, when they were presented with pairs of actual photographs taken along the route, they displayed special difficulty in deciding which of the two landmarks was encountered first along the route. This difficulty in retrieving the sequential structure of the navigational episode suggests that the patients' memories were not accurately linked to one another in their mental representation of the route. These findings are interpreted in the context of current hypotheses about the hippocampal impairment that affects schizophrenic patients.     

基于神经网络的机器人姿态逆解

首次实现自组织神经网络求解机器人姿态逆解，突破了文献局限于研究位置逆解的状况。应用本文创新的自组织神经网络训练方法，结合工业机器人运动学特性，建立了工业机器人姿态逆解的神经网络方法，对PUMA560机器人的计算机仿真结果表明，该方法姿态控制精度高。     

畸变图谱的绘制

本文介绍了一种用绘图仪绘制畸变图谱的技术,並讨论了数值逼近方法及边界条件对图谱的影响。文中建议用二元三次样条逼近压力分布来求得密网格节点上的压力值。文中的绘图技术也可用来绘制温度畸变图谱和其他类型的等值图。     

Interactivity in map learning: The effect of cognitive load

The hypothesis that active learning is beneficial relative to passive observation was assessed in the context of spatial knowledge derived from maps. Active and passive participants studied a map either while performing a simultaneous spatial tapping task (high cognitive load) or in the absence of this task (low cognitive load). Active participants controlled how the map was learned, with passive participants observing map learning without exercising control. Spatial recall was assessed in two tests, directional judgements and map drawing. Map drawing and directional judgments showed a similar pattern of results, with performance detrimentally affected by a high load for active participants, but not for passive participants. The results indicate that activity and cognitive load interact, suggesting that active learning can be detrimental to spatial learning in cognitively demanding tasks.     

某型涡轴发动机性能衰减与部件退化评估

为在某型涡轴发动机持久试验中进行性能健康检查,采用多点匹配方法建立了个体发动机性能衰减计算模型,基于非线性气路分析方法对部件性能退化进行了计算,集合已有经验确定性能偏离部件,完成了某型发动机持久试验中不同阶段的性能衰减评估.结果表明,某型发动机性能衰减及部件性能退化成阶段性分布,前期压气机和燃气涡轮性能变化最快,随后处于相对稳定阶段,动力涡轮性能在目前试验时数范围内基本无变化.该方法的验证为涡轴发动机使用过程中的性能健康与评估提供了有益的经验.      

基于保护映射理论的鲁棒控制新方法

针对现代控制系统不确定性的问题,基于保护映射理论提出了一种新的鲁棒控制方法.利用保护映射理论,构建控制器增益与闭环系统极点间的联系,通过配置闭环系统极点,改善控制系统的动态特性和稳态性能,以满足期望的性能指标.整个设计过程中控制器结构固定,只需一个初始增益,即可实现系统的鲁棒控制.仿真研究显示对含参数变化的2阶系统模型,该方法能够自适应地获取满足整个变化系统控制性能的控制器增益,同时Monte Carlo随机试验表明了系统参数随机变化下,所求控制增益仍满足系统控制性能要求,从而保证了控制过程的鲁棒性.      

TiB2/7050颗粒增强铝基复合材料热变形行为与热压工艺优化

分析TiB₂/7050颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热变形行为及工艺参数的影响规律,对其热变形后的组织设计和获得理想性能参数至关重要。基于此,针对TiB₂/7050颗粒增强铝基复合材料开展了相关研究。用Gleeble-3500热模拟机进行热压缩试验,研究了TiB₂/7050颗粒增强铝基复合材料在变形温度300~450 ℃、应变速率0.001~1 s-1时的热变形行为,建立了材料的双曲正弦本构方程;根据动态材料模型计算得出热加工图,优选了材料的热加工工艺窗口;对原始挤压成型坯料和优化工艺的热压成型坯料进行了力学性能测试和微观组织形貌分析。结果表明:两种成型工艺相比,热压件强度指标略有提高,但塑性大幅提高,其长横向断后延伸率提高400%;热压工艺件晶粒更加细小、且无明显择优取向;拉伸断裂机制均为准解理断裂,热压件断口韧窝更深、撕裂棱更粗大,表明塑性撕裂持续时间更长。      

基于区域极点配置的航空发动机全包线/LPV控制

根据发动机相似工作原理以及平方和(Sun of squares, SOS)规划,基于发动机全飞行包线的换算线性变参数(Linear parameter varying, LPV)模型,提出了一种基于区域极点配置的航空发动机全包线切换/ LPV控制方法。根据发动机相似换算参数,建立换算状态变量模型。以高压换算转速为调度参数,利用多项式拟合得到全包线慢车以上的换算LPV模型。考虑基于区域极点配置的/LPV控制问题,将LPV闭环系统的极点配置在复平面上一个期望的区域内,并将LPV闭环系统稳定性条件转化为SOS约束,进行控制器求解。基于Lyapunov理论,设计全包线的切换LPV控制器,保证切换闭环系统Lyapunov意义下稳定。仿真结果表明,设计的切换LPV控制器能保证全包线内系统稳定且具有较好的鲁棒性能和动态响应性能。