大攻角地效翼非定常流动实验研究

大攻角地效翼非定常流动研究对大攻角地效翼非定常空气动力特性和流动控制具有重要的意义。对攻角为18°的NACA0012地效翼在模型风洞中进行实验,利用三维热线风速仪对地效翼后缘附近尾迹区内测点的速度脉动进行采样,分析不同飞行高度下大攻角地效翼的非定常流动特性。结果表明：地面效应下,大攻角地效翼后缘涡系形成位置后移;随着地效翼高度的降低,非定常流动的脉动频域宽度减小,速度脉动特征频率减小。     

复杂可修系统效能中可信度矩阵的构造方法

复杂可修系统可信度建模对保证效能的定量分析至关重要.本文在考虑不同维修状况的基础上,着重对不同任务剖面内相应任务阶段中武器装备可信度进行了深入的定量分析和综合,进而构造出武器装备的可信度矩阵,用于武器装备的效能分析;文中以某地面车辆为例,进一步论证了武器装备可信度矩阵的工程含义,旨在为合理确定一大类武器装备的效能和可信度指标提供理论依据.     

关于改造航空风洞为汽车试验风洞的技术探讨

在介绍汽车风洞性能的基础上,对改造航空风洞为汽车试验风洞的主要技术要点进行了分析探讨,并介绍了FD-09低速航空风洞改造情况及其功用。建造地面板和附面层吸除装置,证明该方案是很成功的。     

Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

造型细节和离地间隙对轿车气动性能影响研究_修改稿

汽车造型的不同处理方法、发动机安放位置、离地间隙、发动机舱冷却风的排出模式对轿车气动性能产生影响。应用FLUENT软件,分别对汽车造型的不同处理方法、发动机安放位置、离地间隙、发动机舱冷却风的排出模式进行气动性能仿真。结果表明：汽车造型的处理方法中以加车轮和加发动机舱对气动性能影响最大,发动机存在最佳的安放位置,不同的离地间隙对仿真结果影响很大,选择发动机舱冷却风的排出模式要综合考虑阻力系数和升力系数。     

柔性起落架起转回弹载荷计算

传统的起落架载荷计算多采用刚体模型,难以分析结构的柔性对起落架地面载荷的影响。基于NAS-TRAN 软件与 ADAMS软件建立了柔性起落架的多体动力学模型,进行了落震仿真分析,研究了缓冲支柱的柔性对起落架地面载荷的影响,同时研究了轮胎与地面摩擦系数对起转回弹载荷的影响规律。分析结果表明,考虑起落架柔性的分析更接近落震试验的结果。同时对仿真计算载荷与规范计算载荷进行了比较分析,对在工程实践中如何进行起落架的柔性化动力学建模,以及如何确定起落架地面载荷给出了参考。     

航空发动机压气机声共振现象初探

航空发动机压气机声共振机理十分复杂,涉及到“气动-结构-声学”的多物理场耦合问题,能导致压气机叶片疲劳破坏,危害巨大,近年来已经成为国外压气机气动、振动、声学领域的研究热点。综述了国外流体诱发腔体发声机理的研究进展,分析了国外航空发动机压气机声共振的研究现状,总结了单级、多级压气机声共振现象的主要特征,并结合中国某型压气机的试验结果,进行了气动、振动、噪声等物理参数的特征分析,认为某型压气机虽然存在着某些独特的问题需要深入研究,但其故障特点与近年来国外开展的声共振现象具有很强的相似性,即认为该型压气机工作中可能存在声共振现象。     

静强度杆板模型和单梁模型动响应载荷比较

文中通过将某型飞机机身等直段的静强度杆板模型,进行修改来得到动力学杆板模型,与此同时,建立了相应的单梁动力学模型,为了保证2种模型的动力学相似,根据动力学杆板模型的模态频率和振型,对单梁动力学模型进行了修正。对2个模型加载了同样的载荷时间历程,并对2个模型的截面积分载荷进行了比较,并将中间截面积分载荷极值时刻的杆板动力学模型的应力分布和静强度模型加载相同载荷后的应力分布,进行了比较。比较的结果表明,在主要模态频率和振型一致的条件下,单梁动力学模型在截面载荷响应和严重情况应力分布方面与静强度杆板动力学模型也有较好的一致性。此结果在一定程度上,为采用单梁动力学模型计算动响应载荷的合理性提供了佐证。     

电磁兼容仿真在EWIS工程实践中的应用

文中基于传输线理论,利用CST软件仿真分析了线缆长度及接地线长度对于电磁干扰的影响,通过该软件进行环境建模、线缆建模、激励信号建模,并在线缆工作室进行干扰仿真,从而为后续试验及工程中线缆敷设提供参考。     

Spectroscopic Constraints on Models of Ion-cyclotron Resonance Heating in the Polar Solar Corona

Using empirical velocity distributions derived from UVCS and SUMER ultraviolet spectroscopy, we construct theoretical models of anisotropic ion temperatures in the polar solar corona. The primary energy deposition mechanism we investigate is the dissipation of high frequency (10-10000 Hz) ion-cyclotron resonant Alfvén waves which can heat and accelerate ions differently depending on their charge and mass. We find that it is possible to explain the observed high perpendicular temperatures and strong anisotropies with relatively small amplitudes for the resonant waves. There is suggestive evidence for steepening of the Alfvén wave spectrum between the coronal base and the largest heights observed spectroscopically. Because the ion-cyclotron wave dissipation is rapid, even for minor ions like O⁵⁺, the observed extended heating seems to demand a constantly replenished population of waves over several solar radii. This indicates that the waves are generated gradually throughout the wind rather than propagated up from the base of the corona. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.