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41.
V. Truhlik D. Bilitza L. Triskova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
A database of electron temperature (Te) measurements comprising of most of the available satellite measurements in the topside ionosphere is used for studying the solar activity variations of the electron temperature Te at different latitudes, altitudes, local times and seasons. The Te data are grouped into three levels of solar activity (low, medium, high) at four altitude ranges, for day and night, and for equinox and solstices. We find that in general Te changes with solar activity are small and comparable in magnitude with seasonal changes but much smaller than the changes with altitude, latitude, and from day to night. In all cases, except at low altitude during daytime, Te increases with increasing solar activity. But this increase is not linear as assumed in most empirical Te models but requires at least a parabolic approximation. At 550 km during daytime negative as well as positive correlation is found with solar activity. Our global data base allows to quantify the latitude range and seasonal conditions for which these correlations occur. A negative correlation with solar activity is found in the invdip latitude range from 20 to 55 degrees during equinox and from 20 degrees onward during winter. In the low latitude (20 to −20 degrees invdip) F-region there is almost no change with solar activity during solstice and a positive correlation during equinox. A positive correlation is also observed during summer from 30 degrees onward. 相似文献
42.
功能梯度压电材料层状结构中的SH波 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于线性压电弹性理论,利用传递矩阵法,分析了功能梯度压电材料层状结构中的SH波传播特性,研究了压电梯度覆盖层中初始应力对SH波传播的影响。压电覆盖层的材料性能如弹性、压电、介电系数和密度沿厚度方向呈梯度变化。数值分析结果表明,适当的材料梯度分布,可使SH波倾向于沿覆盖层表面传播,由此能够获得更好的机电耦合性能;同时,初始应力使得波传播的相速度减小,但增大了机电耦合系数。文中的分析方法和结论,对固体火箭发动机超声探伤及其压电类传感器的研制和选择有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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基于Optistruct的结构静动力拓扑优化设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于Optistruct平台,研究了二维平面薄板及三维结构的静力、动力以及静动力联合的拓扑优化,给出了典型结构的算例,对比了优化参数取值不同时所对应的优化结果,探讨了优化过程中的网格依赖性以及拓扑优化的效率等问题. 相似文献
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46.
采用有限元方法针对缺口件多轴疲劳实验结果进行模拟。结果表明,相同路径条件下,随着缺口半径减小缺口根部附近的应力梯度显著增加。基于缺口根部应变值,采用等效应变法进行疲劳寿命预测,预测结果随缺口半径的减小而偏于保守。采用应力梯度法确定有效距离,相同路径下,随着缺口半径的减小有效距离减小;依据该有效距离处的等效应变进行疲劳寿命预测,总体预测结果较为分散且偏于不安全。基于实验及有限元模拟结果,提出了基于应变梯度的有效距离确定的新方法,大部分疲劳寿命预测结果位于2倍分散带内。 相似文献
47.
The issue of mesh-dependence emerges when the conventional continuum damage model is applied to handling the softening behavior. In order to circumvent the mesh-dependence, the non-local theory is introduced into the conventional damage model and the finite element formulas are derived for two-dimensional gradient-enhanced damage model. A new element is proposed in which the basic unknown quantities are displacement, non-local equivalent strain and the gradient of non-local equivalent strain. The element and constitutive equation proposed in this article are added to the finite element software ABAQUS through user subroutine UEL. Numerical results show that the gradient-enhanced damage model can eliminate the mesh-dependence and is effective for dealing with the issue of softening behavior. 相似文献
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49.
张琬珽 《中国民航飞行学院学报》2012,(2):70-73
认知风格与语言学习任务具有显著的相关性。本文根据英语学习者场独立-场依存认知风格在听力理解中表现出来的不同特点,提出不同的大学英语听力教学策略,旨在因材施教,提高学习者的听力能力和语言应用能力。 相似文献
50.
K.G. Ratovsky A.V. OinatsA.V. Medvedev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
The diurnal and seasonal variations of F2 layer characteristics (critical frequency, peak height and bottomside thickness) over Irkutsk, Russia (52.3 N and 104.3 E) are studied by the method of running medians. The comparison with the IRI-2001 model during the decrease in solar activity in 2003–2006 revealed cases of both close agreement and systematic differences between predictions and observations. The systematic difference is not the only reason for disagreement between IRI and observations; there are also intrayear variations which are not associated with seasonal behavior. The period of observation was too short to make conclusions about solar activity dependence of the noon bottomside thickness and the modification of its diurnal behavior with decreasing solar activity. 相似文献