单一压力容器镍氢电池组几何参数对其温度场的影响

 针对实际空间用单一压力容器(IPV)镍氢电池组的传热特点,建立其瞬态热分析的数学物理仿真模型。通过设计改变电池组几何参数,包括电池组底板厚度、套筒高度和厚度,采用有限差分法,对比模拟研究电池组在飞船实际运行条件下几何参数对其温度场的影响。结果表明：套筒厚度对电池组温度场的影响最为敏感,增大套筒厚度可明显缩短电池组热系统达到平衡态的响应时间;其次是套筒高度;改变底板厚度对电池组温度场变化影响不明显。该研究为镍氢电池组的结构优化和热控制研究提供理论基础。     

低成本捷联惯导不对称动态误差的神经网络补偿

 针对低成本捷联惯导系统(SINS)中陀螺动态误差的不对称性在角振动条件下造成姿态漂移的问题,设计了多层前向神经网络的补偿模型。在标定模型参数时,为降低对外部参考信号测量精度的要求,提出用姿态解算的最终误差作为网络优化目标的训练方法。由于最终的姿态误差不是网络的期望输出,无法采用有导师的训练方法,为此采用了微粒群优化算法。仿真实验结果表明:补偿后的陀螺动态误差的不对称度减小了一个数量级。     

一种高效的基于可靠性的多学科设计优化方法(英文)

Design for modem engineering system is becoming multidisciplinary and incorporates practical uncertainties; therefore, it is necessary to synthesize reliability analysis and the multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） techniques for the design of complex engineering system. An advanced first order second moment method-based concurrent subspace optimization approach is proposed based on the comparison and analysis of the existing multidisciplinary optimization techniques and the reliability analysis methods. It is seen through a canard configuration optimization for a three-surface transport that the proposed method is computationally efficient and practical with the least modification to the current deterministic optimization process.     

一种基于模拟退火的支持向量机超参数优化算法

基于统计学习理论的支持向量机技术以探求小样本情况下如何获得更好的机器学习规律而见长,与基于经验风险最小化原则的机器学习方法相比能够获得更佳的泛化能力,相关超参数的选择对其分类或回归性能有较大影响.针对径向基核支持向量机超参数优化问题,提出了一种改进的基于模拟退火算法的高效多目标优化算法,并详细讨论了优化寻优过程中搜索空间、初始可行解、初温和最优目标函数的设计方法.通过在多个标准数据集上的测试验证,证实了本文所提算法的可行性和有效性.     

不规则小行星附着可达区生成方法

针对不规则小行星表面附着任务需求,提出了一种基于动态邻域搜索的可达区生成方法。首先,建立了可达区数学模型,并采用质心距映射函数对非定点附着的终端位置约束进行了处理。在此基础上,将可达区的优化问题转化为附着基准点计算、边界起始点计算和边界点搜索三个子问题。针对附着基准点与边界起始点,分别通过最小燃耗轨迹优化与极限燃耗轨迹优化求解;针对边界点,设计了导向式动态邻域搜索方法,将复杂的非定点着陆优化问题简化为定点着陆燃耗优化与边界插值。最后,以小行星433 Eros为对象,对所提出的可达区生成方法进行了仿真。结果表明,该方法能够生成不规则小行星表面的可达区,具有较高的搜索求解效率,并适用于不同的初始位置和燃耗条件。     

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

微米尺度格栅标准样片的质量参数评价;；

论述了以CD-SEM作为核心仪器评价微米尺度格栅标准样片质量参数的方法。以某标称线距尺寸为3μm的不同材料、不同格栅高度的标准样片为例进行了各项质量参数的测量，并对实验数据进行相关因素的比对分析。通过分析，为制作优质的微米格栅标准样片提供了一定的理论参考。分析结果表明本文所述方法适用于微米尺度格栅标准样片的质量参数评价。     

一种运载火箭时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法

针对运载火箭的时变结构模态参数辨识问题进行研究，基于时变自回归滑动平均(TARMA)模型，提出一种时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法。该方法利用小波基函数的良好局部函数拟合能力，将墨西哥帽小波函数作为TARMA模型时变系数的空间基底，构建了基于小波函数的泛函序列时变自回归滑动平均(FS-TARMA)模型，并发展了两步最小二乘估计方法，实现了时变系数的解耦估计。通过有限单元法，建立了阿里安V号芯级运载火箭时变有限元模型，对所提辨识方法进行了验证，结果表明：墨西哥帽小波基FS-TARMA方法能够有效地辨识系统的时变模态参数；与传统傅里叶基FS-TARMA方法相比，具有更好的辨识精度，并且能够准确地反映出模态局部细节特征。     

主动光频标的研究进展

传统被动光钟激光锁频系统的频率稳定度最终受限于由布朗运动导致的腔长热噪声，是目前光频标发展面临的主要技术瓶颈之一。主动式新型光频标利用光学谐振腔的弱反馈在原子跃迁能级间形成多原子相干受激辐射，该受激辐射输出信号可直接作为钟跃迁信号使用，相比于被动光钟，主动光中原理上可实现更窄的量子极限线宽，并具有腔牵引抑制优势。分别介绍了国内外在主动光频标研究现状，主要介绍北京大学在该研究方向取得的理论及实验研究进展。为了实现窄线宽连续型主动光频标，提出双波长好坏腔方案减小剩余腔牵引效应对四能级主动光钟的影响，其中Nd:YAG 1 064nm好腔激光和铯原子1 470nm坏腔激光共腔输出，分别工作在好、坏腔区域，好腔激光通过Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)稳频技术锁定主动光钟谐振腔的腔长，由于坏腔激光相比于好腔激光具有腔牵引抑制优势，因此坏腔激光线宽有望在腔长锁定之后的好腔激光的基础上进一步压窄。目前两套双波长系统的1 470nm钟激光拍频线宽受限于两个谐振腔腔长的相对抖动，为了抑制共模噪声对钟激光拍频信号的影响，并验证采用PDH稳频技术实现腔长锁定的可行性，本文利用相位锁定技术同步两套双波长好坏腔系统的谐振腔腔长，从而消除腔长共模噪声对钟激光拍频线宽的影响，进而分析除剩余腔牵引效应以外的其他因素对1 470nm主动光频标的影响。     

A wall-thickness compensation strategy for wax pattern of hollow turbine blade

As an important index affecting the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength of hollow turbine blades, the wall-thickness precision of the blade is mainly inherited from the positional relationship between the corresponding wax pattern and the internal ceramic core. However, due to locating errors, the actual position of ceramic core is always deviated from the ideal position, which makes it difficult to guarantee the wall-thickness precision of the wax pattern. To solve this problem, a wall-thickness compensation strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the industrial computed tomography (ICT) technique and curve matching algorithms, a model reconstruction method is developed, with which the 3D model of a trial wax pattern can be easily constructed. After that, focusing on eliminating the wall-thickness errors of the trial wax pattern, an optimization method for the pose of the ceramic core in the wax pattern is proposed. Then, by mapping the optimal pose of the ceramic core to length adjustments of the locating rods, the wall-thickness errors of the wax pattern can be greatly reduced. A case study is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation strategy.