大规模车辆监控通信服务器的设计与实现

为了解决大规模车队同时利用短消息业务和通用分组无线业务与多个监控中心进行通信的问题,研究了基于上述两种通道的车辆监控通信模型,详细设计了其中的通信服务器的功能和结构,使其能够支持各监控中心自由选择监控车辆、信息广播、特殊信息优先等服务.为了提高服务器的运行效率,在数据结构中充分采用了以空间换时间的方法,自行设计了监控接口协议,实现时采用了多线程、消息通信和组件技术.系统完成后大量的现场实验结果表明了服务器的高效性和稳定性.      

肋片参数对辐射器散热性能的影响研究

采用蒙特卡罗法计算等截面圆管直肋式辐射器的肋片和外管壁相互间的辐射换热,数值模拟了第一类换热边界条件下散热器的散热过程。分析了辐射器的肋片数、肋片高度、肋片厚度及管壁温度对肋片散热性能的影响。结果发现,在肋片质量一定的条件下肋片数及肋片高度均存在一优值,在该值附近肋片的散热效率最高,且该值受管壁温度的影响,温度越高该值越小;在肋片外形不变的条件下,增加肋片的厚度来提高辐射器的散热性能并不是经济的途径;肋片的散热效率随管壁温度的升高而减小,壁温较高时安装肋片的必要性降低。     

Clusters of Galaxies: Setting the Stage

Clusters of galaxies are self-gravitating systems of mass ∼10¹⁴–10¹⁵ h ⁻¹ M_⊙ and size ∼1–3h ⁻¹ Mpc. Their mass budget consists of dark matter (∼80%, on average), hot diffuse intracluster plasma (≲20%) and a small fraction of stars, dust, and cold gas, mostly locked in galaxies. In most clusters, scaling relations between their properties, like mass, galaxy velocity dispersion, X-ray luminosity and temperature, testify that the cluster components are in approximate dynamical equilibrium within the cluster gravitational potential well. However, spatially inhomogeneous thermal and non-thermal emission of the intracluster medium (ICM), observed in some clusters in the X-ray and radio bands, and the kinematic and morphological segregation of galaxies are a signature of non-gravitational processes, ongoing cluster merging and interactions. Both the fraction of clusters with these features, and the correlation between the dynamical and morphological properties of irregular clusters and the surrounding large-scale structure increase with redshift. In the current bottom-up scenario for the formation of cosmic structure, where tiny fluctuations of the otherwise homogeneous primordial density field are amplified by gravity, clusters are the most massive nodes of the filamentary large-scale structure of the cosmic web and form by anisotropic and episodic accretion of mass, in agreement with most of the observational evidence. In this model of the universe dominated by cold dark matter, at the present time most baryons are expected to be in a diffuse component rather than in stars and galaxies; moreover, ∼50% of this diffuse component has temperature ∼0.01–1 keV and permeates the filamentary distribution of the dark matter. The temperature of this Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) increases with the local density and its search in the outer regions of clusters and lower density regions has been the quest of much recent observational effort. Over the last thirty years, an impressive coherent picture of the formation and evolution of cosmic structures has emerged from the intense interplay between observations, theory and numerical experiments. Future efforts will continue to test whether this picture keeps being valid, needs corrections or suffers dramatic failures in its predictive power.     

直升机机动飞行逆仿真研究

对直升机典型机动飞行做逆仿真数值计算与分析.逆仿真中采用了较为复杂的非线性飞行动力学模型,包括非均匀入流、机身非线性气动力以及包含机身运动耦合的旋翼挥舞运动与作用力模型.提出了与非线性模型相适应的逆仿真算法,并将组合迭代方法用于求解广义非线性代数方程组.对跨越障碍(pop-up)和180°水平转弯(level turn)机动进行机动性描述.以某型直升机为例,对跨越障碍和180°水平转弯两种典型的机动动作进行逆仿真计算与分析.     

Future Instrumentation for the Study of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium

We briefly review capabilities and requirements for future instrumentation in UV- and X-ray astronomy that can contribute to advancing our understanding of the diffuse, highly ionised intergalactic medium.     

嵌入式大气数据传感系统的改进算法

简要介绍了嵌入式大气数据传感系统及其空气动力学模型,提出了求解动、静压和修正参数的改进算法.改进算法首先应用Moore-Penrose广义逆矩阵对非线性方程组进行简化.然后采用改进迭代算法和BP神经网络求解动、静压和修正系数.改进算法在精度、可靠性和实时性上都能满足系统的要求.应用BP神经网络,达到系统要求的精度所需要的计算时间只相当于原有算法的5%,具有更大的实时性优势.     

Gravity Field Recovery from GRACE: Unique Aspects of the High Precision Inter-Satellite Data and Analysis Methods

The very high accuracy of the Doppler and range measurements between the two low-flying and co-orbiting spacecraft of the GRACE mission, which will be at the μm/sec and ≈10 μm levels respectively, requires that special procedures be applied in the processing of these data. Parts of the existing orbit determination and gravity field parameters retrieval methods and software must be modified in order to fully benefit from the capabilities of this mission. This is being done in the following areas: (i) numerical integration of the equations of motion (summed form, accuracy of the predictor-corrector loop, Encke's formulation): (ii) special inter-satellite dynamical parameterization for very short arcs; (iii) accurate solution of large least-squares problems (normal equations vs. orthogonal decomposition of observation equations); (iv) handling the observation equations with high accuracy. Theoretical concepts and first tests of some of the newly implemented algorithms are presented. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

复域上右端为有理分式的常微分方程的显易解结构

本文给出了复域内右端为有理分式的非线性常微分方程的某一类显易解结构的一般形式，详细讨论了这类显易解结构存在的条件。     

考虑状态与基本变量随机模糊性的广义响应面可靠性分析

针对复杂结构、机构可靠性分析中的隐式极限状态方程,建立了可以同时考虑基本变量和失效一安全状态随机模糊双重不确定性因素的广义响应面可靠性分析方法。该方法采用模糊基本变量的等效随机化变换,在不改变基本变量模糊分布的情况下,建立了基于有限元分析的复杂结构、机构多个随机一模糊基本变量情况下的广义响应面法,利用广义响应面函数和模糊随机事件概率的计算公式,定义了复杂结构、机构广义失效概率的计算公式,并给出了多个模式情况下体系同时考虑状态和基本变量随机模糊性的广义失效概率计算公式。在弹性连杆机构强度刚度多模式广义可靠性分析的应用算例说明了所提方法的合理性。     

测试性建模以及测试性验证试验应用

鉴于用户对航电产品测试性要求的不断提高,因此在签署协议时已经规定了产品的测试性定量指标以及开展测试性建模和测试性验证试验的要求。首先收集产品测试性设计信息,梳理产品研制阶段开展测试性建模分析的流程,根据测试性建模的结论以及改进建议迭代产品设计,再开展测试性试验验证测试性建模分析的正确性,对改进后测试性设计进行验证,以实现产品的测试性设计迭代与增长,判定产品的测试性水平是否达到规定的要求。