某型三叶螺旋桨的设计及性能试验

根据飞行速度、需用拉力、螺旋桨转速等参数,设计了某型飞机的三叶螺旋桨,获得了弦长和桨叶角沿着径向的分布.制造了三叶复合材料螺旋桨（直径为1.75m）,在螺旋桨试验台上测试了不同转速下螺旋桨的拉力.为了获得螺旋桨的动态性能,制造了螺旋桨的缩比模型（直径为0.96m）,在西北工业大学NF-3风洞的三元试验段测试了螺旋桨的气动性能数据,包括:拉力、扭矩、功率、效率.结果表明:螺旋桨最大效率为85.63%,所设计的三叶复合材料螺旋桨适用于螺旋桨需用功率为70kW左右的发动机（比如Rotax912）,提出的螺旋桨设计方法具有较好的应用价值.      

FlowStar:国家数值风洞(NNW)工程非结构通用CFD软件

计算流体力学（CFD）仿真软件是流体相关的数学物理知识和工程实践经验的数字化表达,是工业数字化转型的重要助推。然而,大型工业CFD软件研发难度极高,需要同时兼顾功能多样、系统稳定、性能优越、交互友好等特征。依托国家数值风洞（NNW）工程,研发出一款通用流场模拟软件NNW-FlowStar,并在航空、航天等工业部门大力推广使用。软件基于非结构有限体积求解方法和大规模并行计算技术开发,结合现代化软件工程思维设计,具备先进的数值方法、高效的计算效率和友好的用户操作界面,可满足各类复杂外形的高效气动模拟。独特的重叠网格技术配合六自由度运动模块,可帮助实现武器分离、舱门定轴转动等各类气动-运动协同仿真需求。多类标模案例和复杂工程应用表明,FlowStar软件算法鲁棒、精度可靠,是一款高精度、高效率、高可靠性的通用CFD仿真软件。通过对软件的架构设计和功能应用进行介绍,使相关从业人员能更好地了解FlowStar软件,最终促进国产自主CFD软件生态的良性发展。     

通用机场机坪运行安全风险评估方法研究

传统机场机坪运行评价方法在确定指标权重方面存在不足,而模糊评价法在确定隶属度时主观判断较多。结合通用机场机坪运行特点建立评价指标体系,采用变权和相对差异函数的方法对通用机场机坪运行安全风险进行评估。首先运用变权理论对各评价指标的常权进行调整,体现单个指标对评价结果的影响;然后利用相对差异函数确定单因素对各安全等级的隶属...     

二维非结构网格的生成及其Euler方程解

 采用推进阵面法生成三角形非结构网格,用多重网格技术求解泊桑方程以取得结构背景网格.提出了一种高效的边界剖分法,并用它来生成初始阵面.另外,还提出了一种新颖的数据结构——数组链接表,用它来存贮网格数据.用有限体积法在非结构网格中求解了二维可压缩Euler方程,给出了单段翼型和多段翼型的算例,并与实验结果进行了比较和分析.     

Particle Acceleration Mechanisms

In this paper we review the possible mechanisms for production of non-thermal electrons which are responsible for the observed non-thermal radiation in clusters of galaxies. Our primary focus is on non-thermal Bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton scattering, that produce hard X-ray emission. We first give a brief review of acceleration mechanisms and point out that in most astrophysical situations, and in particular for the intracluster medium, shocks, turbulence and plasma waves play a crucial role. We also outline how the effects of the turbulence can be accounted for. Using a generic model for turbulence and acceleration, we then consider two scenarios for production of non-thermal radiation. The first is motivated by the possibility that hard X-ray emission is due to non-thermal Bremsstrahlung by nonrelativistic particles and attempts to produce non-thermal tails by accelerating the electrons from the background plasma with an initial Maxwellian distribution. For acceleration rates smaller than the Coulomb energy loss rate, the effect of energising the plasma is to primarily heat the plasma with little sign of a distinct non-thermal tail. Such tails are discernible only for acceleration rates comparable or larger than the Coulomb loss rate. However, these tails are accompanied by significant heating and they are present for a short time of <10⁶ years, which is also the time that the tail will be thermalised. A longer period of acceleration at such rates will result in a runaway situation with most particles being accelerated to very high energies. These more exact treatments confirm the difficulty with this model, first pointed out by Petrosian (Astrophys. J. 557:560, 2001). Such non-thermal tails, even if possible, can only explain the hard X-ray but not the radio emission which needs GeV or higher energy electrons. For these and for production of hard X-rays by the inverse Compton model, we need the second scenario where there is injection and subsequent acceleration of relativistic electrons. It is shown that a steady state situation, for example arising from secondary electrons produced from cosmic ray proton scattering by background protons, will most likely lead to flatter than required electron spectra or it requires a short escape time of the electrons from the cluster. An episodic injection of relativistic electrons, presumably from galaxies or AGN, and/or episodic generation of turbulence and shocks by mergers can result in an electron spectrum consistent with observations but for only a short period of less than one billion years.     

多阶段任务系统通用可靠性仿真模型

归纳了当前多阶段任务系统(PMS,Phased Mission Systems)可靠性建模的基本假设,指出了解析模型描述和求解能力的不足以及仿真模型存在的难以转换的缺点.应用着色Petri网(CPN,Colored Petri Net) Tools建立PMS的多层通用仿真模型:顶层控制模型将PMS各阶段的故障树参数化,作为CPN通用仿真模型的输入;单阶段处理模型根据顶层控制模型的输入判别该阶段顶事件是否发生;底事件处理模型通过比较随机数和故障发生概率的大小产生故障.通用仿真模型可以保持模型结构的稳定,同时又简化了仿真模型的生成.案例对比了CPN仿真模型与二元决策图(BDD,Binary Decision Diagrams)算法的可靠性计算结果,证明了模型的正确性;具有动态变化参数的PMS仿真则说明了模型的适用性.      

Report on the Kiso cometary dust trail survey

Cometary dust trails were first observed by IRAS; they are widely known to be the origins of meteoric showers. A new window has been opened for the study of dust trails, using ground-based observations. We succeeded in obtaining direct images of the 22P/Kopff dust trail with the Kiso 1.05-m Schmidt telescope. Following this initial success, we have continued to perform a dust trail survey at Kiso. As a result of this survey, we have detected dust trails along the orbit of six periodic comets, between February 2002 and March 2004. The optical depth of these dust trails are 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁸, which is consistent with IRAS measurements. In this paper, we describe the observations and data reduction procedures, and report the brief result obtained between February 2002 and March 2004.     

基于GRNN网络和遗传算法的旋翼动平衡调整

针对传统旋翼调整方法没有考虑调整参数与振动信号之间的非线性关系,提出一种结合广义回归神经网络GRNN(General Regression Neural Network)和遗传算法的旋翼调整方法,采用GRNN建立旋翼动平衡调整模型,以桨叶调整参数作为GRNN输入,以旋翼转轴3个方向的加速度测量值和机身3个方向加速度测量值作为网络输出,建立调整参数与直升机振动信号之间的模型.以直升机振动作为目标函数,采用改进的遗传算法对桨叶调整参数进行寻优,获得直升机振动最小时的桨叶的调整量.飞行实验表明,通过1到2次飞行调整,可使3个方向机身振动(旋翼的一阶振动)为最小,完成旋翼的动平衡调整.      

航空发动机润滑系统通用分析软件开发

发展了一种全新的航空发动机润滑系统通用分析软件.采用流动换热的网络算法, 将发动机润滑系统分解成由相应的典型元件和节点组成的网络, 用有限的元件和流动介质类型就可描述通用的发动机润滑系统.元件分为简单元件和组合元件, 并和润滑系统结构一一对应, 方便了元件的初始化.软件前台采用图形建模方式生成计算网络, 后台采用了网络自动识别技术, 方便了复杂网络的建立.可视化界面及支撑数据库, 提高了软件的易用性.      

Study on the breakup lengths of free round liquid jets

IntroductionBreakup and atomization of roundliquidjetshad been widely used in internal combustion en-gines,gas turbines,and liquid rocket engines.Recently,with the development of scramjet en-gines and the deepening of fuel atomization re-search,it attract…