TB3-117型发动机Ⅲ、Ⅳ级涡轮导向器的焊接修复

对TB3-117型发动机Ⅲ、Ⅳ级涡轮导向器在使用过程中出现的密集裂纹故障进行了焊接修复研究。重点研究微观组织状态对材料焊接性能的影响,以此为基础,解决材料的脆化问题,完成了Ⅲ、Ⅳ级涡轮导向器零件的密集裂纹修复工作。焊接修复的零件均已装机使用,使用一个翻修周期之后,故障率和故障情况与新零件的状况一致。     

毛刺和加工精度对涡轮流量影响的数值模拟

为了研究喷嘴内壁毛刺和内壁尺寸加工精度对涡轮流量的具体影响,采用数值计算方法对液动涡轮泵喷嘴机构的单喷嘴内部流动进行数值模拟。通过对比计算结果与试验结果,以及分析计算所得流场细节,表明各工况点计算值与试验值的变化趋势基本一致;毛刺和加工精度对涡轮流量都会产生影响,但相对于加工精度,毛刺是影响涡轮流量的主要因素。     

多级低压涡轮内部非定常流场扰动分析

采用三维数值模拟方法,对带有过渡段和后机匣支板的低压涡轮进行全环非定常数值模拟,分析了各个叶片排流场中存在的非定常扰动及扰动源,研究了低压涡轮第二级中存在的多种扰动源叠加现象,并对流场中的静压波动进行了频谱分析。结果显示,过渡段的二次流对低压涡轮内部流场存在明显扰动,并向下游传播至涡轮出口。第二级动叶中,上游导叶通过频率与过渡段二次流自身脉动频率产生叠加,形成的新扰动频率为两者产生的差频。采用全环非定常数值模拟预测多级低压涡轮内部流动中存在的各种扰动频率及其相互叠加很有必要。     

液体火箭发动机音叉式涡轮叶盘振动特性研究 (液体火箭推进专刊)

某液体火箭发动机采用整体叶盘音叉式涡轮转子，该转子盘-轴根部圆角试车考核中曾多次出现裂纹故障。为推断裂纹产生原因，通过数值计算及模态实验获取了该转子受力状态、振型、阻尼比等结构振动特性。结合振动信号分析，将裂纹故障原因聚焦到叶盘的二节径型振动。通过高频速变压力测量，得到涡轮流场内压力脉动数据，间接获取了该转子工作状态下的振动特性。试验表明被测涡轮转子流场通道内，分频幅值最大压力脉动对应涡轮转子2节径前行波振动，幅值约为11KPa。分析确定涡轮叶盘二节径振动是故障产生的主要原因。     

基于描述函数的燃烧振荡建模与仿真

针对贫预混燃烧在燃气轮机燃烧室中的燃烧振荡问题进行主动控制技术研究，一般需依赖于较为准确的火焰动力学模型，但是通过仿真或者试验测量得到完整、准确的非线性火焰动力学响应特性都存在较大的困难。针对该问题，本文基于声学分析，结合非线性建模方法的应用，提出了一种基于描述函数的热声耦合系统分析方法，既能够体现火焰非线性动力学过程的影响，又便于实验测量与系统辨识。本文针对旋流预混燃烧室的热声耦合特性进行了实验测量，通过系统辨识得到热声耦合系统的描述函数模型，在此基础上开展热声耦合系统时域仿真分析。实验测量结果表明，包含火焰动力学过程的声波传播过程具有较强的非线性特征，并且在一定频率范围内描述函数的幅值和相位随扰动量幅值变化规律体现出较一致的规律；仿真分析结果证明了辨识得到的描述函数可以对燃烧室中的热声耦合形成过程和极限环振荡特征进行描述。     

Dynamic modeling and simulation of a pressurized system used in flight vehicle

For a typical pressurized system with a novel dual-stage gas pressure reducing regulator, a system model is established with modular models of various typical components. The simulation study on the whole working period shows that the general trends and magnitudes of simulation curves are in agreement with experimental measured curves. As the key component in the pressurized system, the regulator is studied by a series of numerical simulations to reveal the influences of various structure parameters on its stability. Furthermore, the variable ranges which can guarantee the stability of regulator and system are obtained to provide guidance for design. The modeling and analysis approach can be applied to other systems and components.     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

潜艇应急燃气吹除过程的数值仿真及实验验证

进行了潜艇应急燃气吹除系统的小比例模型原理实验,模拟了水下100 m深度时燃气吹除的排水性能与规律以及燃气吹除过程中的主要性能参数变化情况.建立了模拟小比例实验吹除过程的物理模型,应用结构化六面体网格对其两相流体流动区域进行了计算区域的离散化,并对100m海水深度下的燃气吹除过程进行了数值仿真计算,得到了对燃气泡成长规律的描述,深化了对排水过程机理的认识.仿真结果与实际情况的实验结果十分吻合,混合气体压力和排水总体积的相对误差均不超过5%,验证了数值仿真方法的可行性.     

小型涡扇发动机涡轮气动设计研究

针对小型发动机任务及涡轮部件的工作环境,详细分析了小型发动机涡轮部件内部流动特点,探讨了小型发动机涡轮的气动设计思路和方法,并在此基础上完成了某1 000 daN推力量级的小型涡扇发动机高/低压涡轮部件的气动方案设计,三维黏性数值模拟结果表明,所设计的高/低压涡轮均达到了发动机总体方案的要求且具有较高的气动效率.      

涡轮叶片外换热计算程序对比研究

对两种涡轮叶片外换热计算程序STAN 5和S1ICH的数值方法进行了比较.采用STAN5和S1ICH程序完成了VKI(Von Karman Institute)高压涡轮导叶和动叶叶栅的外传热系数计算,并将计算结果与试验数据进行了对比.结果表明,S1ICH预估的转捩位置、外传热系数的精度较高,同时S1ICH具有适应性广,收敛性好,准备初始参数方便的特点,满足工程设计计算的要求.