按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统

本文提出了一个按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统的方法。它能使系统具有满意的动态品质,同时对系统参数的变化及非线性产生的影响具有较强的鲁棒性。该设计方法具有通用性和程序化,系统实现简单。     

GEnx和Trent1000发动机流路与承力机匣对比分析

为了更好地了解大涵道比发动机的双转子布局和三转子布局的设计特点,选取了波音787客机的两款备选发动机GEnx和Trent1000作为对象开展对比分析.通过对两款发动机的内涵流路、承力机匣和转子支承3方面的设计特点对比分析,发现通过引入中压转子使得三转子布局的中压和高压转子的叶片机都获得了更有利的转速与结构尺寸;三转子布局在承力机匣和中、低压涡轮轴等结构比双转子发动机的设计更复杂;两种布局都无法解决风扇和低压涡轮最佳工作转速的矛盾.     

航空地面运行管理研究——以ZH航空公司为例

航空公司航班正常率是评价航空服务质量的一个重要指标,提高地面运行效率是提高航班正常率的重要因素之一。分析了zH航空公司地面运行管理中存在的问题,并以波音737快速过站保障流程的优化为例,阐述如何利用网络计划理论对保障流程进行优化,以提高保障效率。     

规则回转体自动铺丝轨迹规划与丝束增减

为满足自动铺丝轨迹的满铺覆性要求,针对现阶段自动铺丝轨迹规划存在的不足,提出了不同的丝束增减算法。首先讨论纤维铺放方向的确定和中心轨迹数量的计算,设计不同铺放方向轨迹的生成算法。然后以丝束重叠系数为重要参数,对于纤维局部堆积和空缺问题提出单侧纤维裁剪算法和双侧纤维裁剪算法,并对裁剪后的重叠区域和间隙区域进行面积求解,使得纤维丝束均匀覆于芯模表面。最后基于CATIA CAA二次开发平台,将上述算法集成到纤维铺放CAD系统中,通过运动仿真系统验证算法的正确性。利用提出的丝束增减算法,实现了间隙/重叠区的均匀分布,尽量降低了富树脂区等相关缺陷的聚集对性能的不良影响。     

Multi-faults diagnosis of rolling bearings via adaptive customization of flexible analytical wavelet bases

Multi-faults detection is a challenge for rolling bearings due to the mode mixture and coupling of multiple fault features,as well as its easy burying in the complex,non-stationary structural vibrations and strong background noises.In this paper,a method based on the flexible analytical wavelet transform (FAWT) possessing fractional scaling and translation factors is proposed to identify multiple faults occurred in different components of rolling bearings.During the route of the proposed method,...     

叶片冷却的静叶时序对涡轮的性能影响

燃气轮机工作过程中上游叶片的尾迹会周期性地扫掠下游叶片,这使得下游叶栅通道内的流场呈现显著的非定常性。而时序效应作为一种典型的非定常流动现象,已受到国内外学者的广泛关注。本文研究双级气冷涡轮,利用全三维非定常数值仿真的方法分析了第1级与第2级静叶之间的时序位置对涡轮流量和效率的影响。计算结果表明处于不同时序位置下的涡轮第2级静叶叶身冷气流量的差异可达15.6%,涡轮41截面效率和热效率的波动幅值则分别达到了0.33%和0.26%。涡轮冷气流量的变化一定程度上影响了41截面效率,但时序位置对下游叶栅通道流动损失的影响才是造成涡轮效率差异的主要原因。     

基于遗传算法(GA)的具有约束的飞行轨迹规划

轨迹规划的一个最基本目标是规划飞机通过威胁空间并实现任务目标的飞行轨迹,这个轨迹需满足任务规划所确定的约束,这些约束包括：地形、威胁（静、动态）、燃油、时间、飞行性能等,构成了一个多维、多模态且具有组合爆炸的搜索空间,造成了轨迹规划的具有挑战性的难题。对基于ＧＡ的自适应搜索技术的轨迹规划方法和轨迹规划器进行了研究。提出了用来解决满足约束条件最优飞行轨迹问题的描述方法。     

富氢/富氧燃气气-气喷嘴热试

针对全流量补燃循环发动机气-气燃烧关键技术,设计了以气动谐振点火器为点火装置的气氢/气氧富氧预燃室、气氢/气氧富氢预燃室和气-气喷嘴燃烧室,开展了同轴剪切喷嘴气-气燃烧试验研究。试验结果表明,试验方案设计合理,系统稳定可靠,气-气喷嘴燃烧效率最高达到97.2%。随氧喷注器压降增加,燃烧室壁面的热载荷增加,燃烧效率降低。     

船用燃气轮机间冷器流路的数值计算分析

借助计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模拟技术,实现了船用燃气轮机间冷器整个流路的总压损失分析.数值模拟计算中针对间冷器模块采用了等效流通面积和等效换热效果的方法,有效解决了整个流道计算间冷器建模问题.数值模拟计算结果表明,CFD数值模拟技术可以有效的分析包括间冷器在内的整个流路的流场细节,改善间冷器的流路设计.CFD数值模拟技术与间冷换热器设计技术的结合,可以有效提高船用燃气轮机间冷器整个流路的优化设计水平.      

Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan

The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R _S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm² sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5^∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm² sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm² sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm² sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R _S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R _S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.