航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。     

“美丽中国”的美学价值与思想内涵

＂美丽中国＂作为一个新的时代名词,赋予了丰富的政治、经济、文化与社会内涵,站在人文主义的角度,解析它的美学价值与思想内涵,进而更好认识＂美丽中国＂的历史意义和时代主旨。     

星载干涉合成孔径雷达高度计波束指向优化设计新方法

基于干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)体制的星载高度计能实现高分辨率、宽幅、高精度海面高程测量。传统合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统波束指向设计方法以SAR图像近远端噪声等效后向散射系数差异最小化为优化目标,星载InSAR高度计对海入射角小,如采用传统波束指向设计方法将面临系统近端测高性能优于远端等问题。为使远端测高性能满足应用精度指标要求,系统需提高雷达发射功率或增大雷达天线尺寸,这对卫星系统提出了较高的要求。提出了面向测高应用的星载InSAR高度计波束中心指向设计新方法。该方法通过调整雷达波束中心指向实现全场景测高性能最优化,可有效降低传统设计方法中SAR载荷对发射功率等卫星指标的要求,对未来我国发展InSAR体制海面高度计系统设计具有重要的指导意义。仿真分析结果验证了新方法相对于传统设计方法的优越性。     

Multiphysics simulation method of Lamb wavepropagation with piezoelectric transducers under load condition

Lamb Wave(LW) simulation under time-varying conditions is an effective and low cost way to study the problem of the low reliability of the structural health monitoring methods based on the LW and Piezoelectric Transducer(PT). In this paper, a multiphysics simulation method of the LW propagation with the PTs under load condition is proposed. With this method, two key mechanisms of the load influence on the LW propagation are considered and coupled with each other. The first mechanism is the acoustoelastic effect which is the main reason of the LW velocity change. The second key mechanism is the load influence on piezoelectric materials, which results in a change of the amplitude. Based on the computational platform of the COMSOL Multiphysics, a multiphysics simulation model of the LW propagation with the PTs under load condition is established. The simulation model includes two physical phenomena. The first one is called solid mechanics, which is used to simulate the acoustoelastic effect being combined with the hyperelastic material properties of the structure in which the LW propagates. The second one is called electromechanical coupling, which considers the simulation of the piezoelectric effect of the PTs for the LW excitation and sensing. To simulate the load influence on piezoelectric materials, a non-linear numerical model of the relationship between the load and the piezoelectric coefficient d31 is established based on an experiment of the load influence on the LW. The simulation results under uniaxial tensile load condition are obtained and are compared with the data obtained from the experiment. It shows that the variations of the phase velocity and amplitude of the LW obtained from the simulation model match the experimental results well.     

波音737NG工卡长度与工时相关性分析

通过对波音737NG厂家工卡的页数和原始工时进行Pearson相关分析,得出全部工卡的页数与工时存在显著的中等程度相关关系,系统(SYS)工卡页数与工时呈显著的强相关关系的结论.     

一种新型的用于深空高动态微弱信号载波跟踪环

分析了深空通信中高动态微弱信号载波跟踪方法，提出并分析了载波跟踪中状态方程非线性与量测方程的非线性取舍问题，分析了滤波过程中影响高动态与低信噪比的决定因素，给出了两个推论，提出了强跟踪算法的必要性。并以此选择了以传统卡尔曼滤波（KF）为基础，以锁相环（FLL）、无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）为辅助使用两种工作模式来应对不同环境。针对组合跟踪环路状态转换过渡易出现的频率阶跃问题，给出新型环路的工作模式及切换门限的数学表达式，在环路中添加计算判别器，实时控制环路输出的同时不浪费计算力地剔除了野值，提高了环路稳定性。仿真表明，该新型环路算法与现有的算法相比有很好的低信噪高动态适应能力，消除了切换峰值，剔除了野值。     

Drag and energy accommodation coefficients during sunspot maximum

Conditions appropriate to gas-surface interactions on satellite surfaces in orbit have not been successfully duplicated in the laboratory. However, measurements by pressure gauges and mass spectrometers in orbit have revealed enough of the basic physical chemistry that realistic theoretical models of the gas-surface interaction can now be used to calculate physical drag coefficients. The dependence of these drag coefficients on conditions in space can be inferred by comparing the physical drag coefficient of a satellite with a drag coefficient fitted to its observed orbital decay. This study takes advantage of recent data on spheres and attitude stabilized satellites to compare physical drag coefficients with the histories of the orbital decay of several satellites during the recent sunspot maximum. The orbital decay was obtained by fitting, in a least squares sense, the semi-major axis decay inferred from the historical two-line elements acquired by the US Space Surveillance Network. All the principal orbital perturbations were included, namely geopotential harmonics up to the 16th degree and order, third body attraction of the Moon and the Sun, direct solar radiation pressure (with eclipses), and aerodynamic drag, using the Jacchia-Bowman 2006 (JB2006) model to describe the atmospheric density. After adjusting for density model bias, a comparison of the fitted drag coefficient with the physical drag coefficient has yielded values for the energy accommodation coefficient as well as for the physical drag coefficient as a function of altitude during solar maximum conditions. The results are consistent with the altitude and solar cycle variation of atomic oxygen, which is known to be adsorbed on satellite surfaces, affecting both the energy accommodation and angular distribution of the reemitted molecules.     

空间薄膜阵面预应力导入效应及影响因素

空间薄膜阵面结构由于其显著特点正得到日益广泛的研究和应用。首先以一个三角形薄膜 阵面为数值分析对象,论文给出了膜面预应力导入的分析方法,并分析了薄膜阵面的预应力 导入效应。在此基础上,提出边缘悬链线影响的分析方法,用五个应力特征参数描述阵面和 悬链线受力,引入应力波动系数描述阵面和悬链线受力均匀度。以四边形阵面为例进行数值 分析,结果表明：在合适的边缘
悬链线型及矢跨比下,阵面的导入应力分布更均匀,刚度更 大。论文所提出的分析方法和结论对薄膜阵面结构设计研发具有参考价值。     

碳/环氧编织复合材料热膨胀特性分析

采用理论与试验相结合的方法,研究了碳/环氧三维编织复合材料的热膨胀特性。通过试验方法获得了不同规格的三维编织复合材料在编织方向的热膨胀系数,并基于均匀化理论建立了编织材料热弹性性能的分析方法,对数值结果与试验值进行了比较。研究表明,三维编织复合材料在编织方向上具有典型的负膨胀特性;与三维四向编织结构复合材料相比,三维五向编织结构复合材料具有较小的负膨胀系数;三维编织复合材料编织方向的负膨胀系数随着纤维体积含量的增大而减小,随着编织角的增大而增大;基于均匀化理论的热弹性数值分析方法可有效地预报三维编织复合材料的等效热膨胀系数,数值计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

大型伞绳帆和抽打现象连续模型及验证

文章主要推导了可用于描述大型降落伞绳帆和抽打现象的一般绳索三维动力学连续模型,及弦坐标系下可用于求解绳帆现象的两点边值问题(BVP)模型,并采用某型号大型降落伞的空投录像和杆件算例对模型进行验证对比,说明了模型的正确性,采用这一连续模型能够更直观地对大型伞的绳帆和抽打现象进行定性和定量分析。