永磁力矩电机三相绕组不对称性改进方法研究

由于力矩电机多作为驱动电机使用,且电机对低速平稳性要求很高,所以选用了一种特殊的极槽配合方式。12极39槽的选择使得电机齿槽转矩较小的同时导致电机三相绕组不对称。降低绕组不对称对电机低速平稳性的影响,对提高绕组的对称性的方法研究有着重要的意义。以一台采用12极39槽的力矩电机为例,提出了一种绕组不对称性的改进方法,通过改变绕组的排列方式提高了绕组的对称性,且保证了电机的低速平稳性。最终通过理论研究与仿真分析验证了不对称性改进方法的有效性。     

双太阳翼GEO卫星在轨角动量管控方法

地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星在轨的主要环境干扰力矩为太阳光压力矩和重力梯度力矩,干扰力矩的累积效应表现为飞轮转速的变化,需要通过外力矩进行角动量卸载避免飞轮饱和。由于GEO磁场极弱,卫星无法使用磁力矩卸载,只能通过喷气卸载,而喷气将对卫星轨道产生影响,因此需要尽可能延长卸载周期。针对配置双对称太阳电池阵GEO卫星的角动量管控需求,首先建立卫星在惯性空间中角动量积累模型,并映射到卫星本体系中,得到本体系中的角动量变化规律。通过飞轮在轨转速遥测数据,精确辨识获取环境干扰力矩特征参数,获得真实可靠的干扰模型。以角动量卸载周期最长为原则,基于在轨环境干扰模型制定角动量管控策略,并准确预估下次角动量卸载时间。经在轨数据处理与分析表明:提出的角动量管控策略,可有效将飞轮的角动量卸载周期提升为原来的2倍,有效提升卫星在轨应用效能,具有实际工程意义。     

磁转速表指针摆动的故障分析

就磁转速表活动系统的动态特性以及在附加交变力矩的作用下，指针摆动随转速变化的规律，从理论上进行了分析，并结合实际探讨了指针摆动的故障原因。     

Stability analysis of an aeroelastic system with friction

In this paper, harmonic balance method, exact formulation and numerical simulation method are adopted to study the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of 1.5 degrees of freedom aeroelastic system. On this basis, the expressions of input energy and dissipated energy are deduced, and the energy method is used to reveal the mechanisms of the stable boundary and unstable boundary existing in the system and the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of the system. Studies have shown that the stability region and the critical aerodynamic damping ratio of the system rise with the increase of the friction stiffness, while the friction stiffness has little effect on the stability boundary. In the analysis of the stability of system, the results of harmonic balance method, exact formulation and Newmark of numerical simulation method are in good agreement. Compared with exact formulation and numerical simulation method, the concept and conclusion of harmonic balance method are simple in the system stability analysis.     

壁面摩擦对风洞侧壁干扰的影响

本文研究了摩擦对风洞侧壁干扰的影响。在以Barnwell为代表开展的一系列侧壁干扰研究中,所有工作都未计及摩擦的影响。我们认为,Barnwell等人的这一处理理论上有缺陷。对此,本文用Karman-Pohlhausen方法对侧壁边界层作了分析,指出摩擦对侧壁干扰有不同程度的影响,具体取决于Pohlhausen参数B的大小;B越小,影响越大。Barnwell略去摩擦项的结果只对应于分离边界层情况,而事实上Barnwell处理的是附着边界层。通过这一分析,本文建立了有摩擦影响的侧壁干扰修正的新形式;考虑到多种因素的影响,初步建议参数B按中间值取为B=3～4。最后,就修正参数δ~*的确定作了一定讨论。     

A novel control method for turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed based on the Ngdot estimator through LQG/LTR and rotor predicted torque feedforward

In order to compensate for the disturbance of wide variation in rotor demanded torque on power turbine speed and realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine during variable rotor speed, a cascade PID control method based on the acceleration estimator of gas turbine speed (Ngdot) and rotor predicted torque feedforward is proposed. Firstly, a two-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) model is applied in the integrated rotor/turboshaft engine system to achieve variable rotor speed. Then, an online estimation method of Ngdot based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian with Loop Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) is proposed for power turbine speed cascade control. Finally, according to the cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator, a rotor demanded torque predicted method based on the Min-batch Gradient Descent-Neural Network (MGD-NN) is put forward to compromise the influence of rotor torque interference. The simulation results show that compared with cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator and the one combined with collective pitch feedforward control, the novel control method proposed can reduce the overshoot of power turbine speed by more than 20%, which possesses faster response, superior dynamic effect and satisfactory robustness performance. The control method proposed can realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed better.     

液压泵摩擦副可靠性设计基本方法研究

阐述了液压泵摩擦副可靠性分析及设计的基本步骤和原则。作为实例,文中给出了滑靴耐磨可靠性设计所采用的（pv）应力模型新方法。     

改善反作用轮低速性能的补偿观测器方法

基于Ｄａｈｌ摩擦模型,给出了用于卫星姿态三轴稳定控制的反作用轮低速动力学方程,就反作用轮转速过零对卫星姿态产生的扰动现象进行了分析,提出了一种利用非线性观测器估计摩擦力矩,并予以补偿的补偿观测器方法。仿真结果表明,该方法改善了反作用轮低速性能,提高了卫星姿态控制的指向精度和稳定度。     

非牛顿大滑滚比工况的斜齿轮热摩擦特性分析

考虑啮合过程中接触线长度及齿面载荷的时变性,结合沿接触线方向综合曲率半径及卷吸速度的瞬态特点,建立满足航空传动润滑剂非牛顿流体及大滑滚比工况的有限长线接触斜齿轮热弹流润滑(TEHL)模型。采用多重网格法及逐列扫描法,获得适用于宽泛工况范围的斜齿轮热弹流润滑完全数值解;分析非牛顿及大滑滚比情形下的斜齿轮传动热摩擦特性。结果表明:斜齿轮端部存在明显压力及温度尖峰,且离入口愈近膜厚会略减小;非牛顿特性对温度场影响显著,且接触线过节点时温度分布呈“V”型分布;摩擦因数沿啮合线方向在节点处接近于0且向两侧逐渐增大,同时随滑滚比的增大而增大。      

低速大转矩电机冷却系统数值计算

在低速大转矩电机系列设计中,考虑到机座的通用性和外形尺寸的规范性,采用了轴向水路的水冷机座结构。通过对电机冷却系统的流体场计算,得到了电机的散热情况,耦合温度场计算,得到了电机冷却水和机座的温升,并通过对机座的模态分析得到了电机的固有振动频率。