基于遗传算法的旋转机翼飞机机翼优化设计

将基于实数编码的遗传算法与能准确描述翼型粘性流动的NS方程以及旋翼气动分析模型结合起来,以旋翼最大悬停效率作为优化设计的目标对旋转机翼飞机的机翼进行优化设计,设计结果表明通过优化设计旋翼的气动性能得到了提高,达到了优化设计的目的,旋翼优化设计方法是可行的.     

基于二次调节原理的力矩负载模拟器中压力波动的补偿

 基于静液二次调节原理的力矩负载模拟器具有能够连续高速旋转和无多余力矩的特点。在恒压网络中,二次元件的力矩输出与其斜盘倾角成正比,即：如果系统压力出现波动,也将导致输出力矩的波动。导致系统压力变化的原因可能是油源压力脉动,但更主要是负载的变化。为了研究压力波动的影响及补偿,建立了基于静液二次调节原理的力矩负载模拟器,给出了仿真参数,并在此基础之上进行了仿真研究。为了提高力矩跟踪精度,提出利用斜盘倾角传感器和系统压力传感器来进行压力补偿,可有效地将系统压力波动对于力矩输出的影响抑制到20%左右。仿真和试验验证了此补偿方法的有效性。     

Nonlinear Dynamics Behaviors of a Rotor Roller Bearing System with Radial Clearances and Waviness Considered

A rotor system supported by roller beatings displays very complicated nonlinear behaviors due to nonlinear Hertzian contact forces, radial clearances and bearing waviness. This paper presents nonlinear bearing forces of a roller bearing under four-dimensional loads and establishes 4-DOF dynamics equations of a rotor roller bearing system. The methods of Newmark-β and of Newton-Laphson are used to solve the nonlinear equations. The dynamics behaviors of a rigid rotor system are studied through the bifurcation, the Poincar è maps, the spectrum diagrams and the axis orbit of responses of the system. The results show that the system is liable to undergo instability caused by the quasi-periodic bifurcation, the periodic-doubling bifurcation and chaos routes as the rotational speed increases. Clearances, outer race waviness, inner race waviness, roller waviness, damping, radial forces and unbalanced forces-all these bring a significant influence to bear on the system stability. As the clearance increases, the dynamics behaviors become complicated with the number and the scale of instable regions becoming larger. The vibration frequencies induced by the roller bearing waviness and the orders of the waviness might cause severe vibrations. The system is able to eliminate non-periodic vibration by reasonable choice and optimization of the parameters.     

一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器设计及其试验验证

针对火星飞行器探测需求,提出了一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器,基于计算流体力学方法优选了桨叶翼型、平面形状和扭转角等结构参数,基于叶素动量理论建立了旋翼气动力学模型,利用数值模拟方法选择了旋翼转速、旋翼间距和桨叶安装角等飞行参数,设计了原理样机"火星飞鸟-I"的结构与控制系统。构建了火星大气环境模拟器和重力补偿与运动约束装置,开展了模拟火星环境下旋翼式飞行器地面飞行试验,验证了共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器的推进性能,展望了旋翼式火星飞行器技术的发展方向。研究成果对我国开展的火星探测工程具有重要借鉴价值。     

An adaptive integration surface for predicting transonic rotor noise in hovering and forward flights

In this paper, a new permeable adaptive integration surface is developed in order to evaluate transonic rotor noise in accordance with FW-H_pds equations(Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equations with penetrable data surface). Firstly, a nonlinear near-field solution is computed on the basis of Navier-Stokes equations, which is developed on moving-embedded grid methodology.The solution calculated through the present CFD method is used as the input for acoustic calculations by FW-H_pds equations. Then, two criteria for constructing integration surfaces are established based on the analysis of the quadrupole source strength and the nonlinear characteristic.A new surface is determined adaptively by the pressure gradient or density in a given flowfield,eschewing the uncertainties associated with determining cylinder-shaped integration surfaces. For varying hover cases, transonic noises are simulated with new integration surfaces for a UH-1 model rotor. Furthermore, numerical results of the new integration surface derived from the density perturbation value conform better to experimental data than results derived from the pressure gradient.Finally, the integration surface given by jrqj being 0.1, which is an applicable criterion obtained from hover cases, is used to predict transonic rotor noise in forward flight. The computational accuracy of the new integration surface method has been validated in predicting transonic rotor noise of an AH-1 model rotor at different advance ratios.     

柔性转子逆回旋振动特性的研究

论述了具有陀螺效应的柔性转子在各向异性支承条件下回旋振动的特性，推导出了转子在正回旋激励作用下产生逆回旋振动的条件，提出转子振动存在逆回旋带的概念，并举例说明了转子在整个转速范围和振动频率范围内回旋振动的特点，作出了逆回旋带的曲线图。     

直升机后掠桨尖旋翼气弹稳定性研究

通过建立具有后掠桨尖旋翼气弹稳定性的分析模型，研究后掠桨尖旋翼气弹的稳定性。结构模型考虑了旋翼桨叶的偏置、预锥、预掠、预扭以及桨尖的后掠等多种旋翼参数及非线性影响，分析了不同桨尖后掠角几何参数对旋翼气弹稳定性的影响。数值结果表明，桨尖后掠对旋转旋翼桨叶气弹稳定性影响较大，桨尖后掠使一阶扭转频率增加，同时使一阶摆振阻尼降低，后掠桨尖单元的非线性转换关系对气弹分析结果有影响，桨尖后掠角越大这种影响越显著。     

低湍流度风洞中的斜置翼三维边界层测量试验研究

在西工大低湍流度风洞中，于不同后掠角和湍流度下，以４５°单丝热线探头，在斜置翼上测量三维边界层速度型并计算特征参数的情况表明：横流影响的规律性明显，三维速度型扭曲相当复杂；后掠角和湍流度增大时，速度型和厚度的发展、不同层次的流线偏移和特征参数的变化受横流影响更为明显。     

旋翼桨叶载荷确定技术

本文简要介绍了旋翼桨叶载荷确定技术。它是一种解决“逆问题”即由测量得到的桨叶应变来确定旋翼桨叶载荷——桨叶结构内力和气动外载的技术。本文首先叙述发展这一技术的目的与背景,然后介绍这一技术的基本思想与方法,包括:(1)由实测应变确定测量剖面内力;(2)根据测量的、有限剖面的桨叶内力与已知的桨叶模态内力或位移,用“最小二乘法”或“正交分析法”计算广义坐标,(3)由广义坐标确定桨叶内力分布;(4)确定桨叶上分布的气动载荷。最后,列出了两个例子的结果,以表明这一技术的可行性及进一步发展的价值。     

复合材料旋翼桨叶剖面扭转刚度计算

本文对Krahula,J.L.等人提出的“圣维南扭转的有限元解”作了合理的改进,使改进后的公式能很方便地编成计算程序,作复合材料旋翼桨叶的扭转刚度计算。还应用改进后的公式计算了两种型号直升机旅翼桨叶的扭转刚度,计算值和试验值有很好的一致性。