工艺参数对电弧增材制造2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响分析北大核心CSCD

微气孔是电弧增材制造2219铝合金面临的主要问题。采用Advanced CMT+P(变极性CMT+脉冲)熔滴过渡模式,研究了EP/EN(正负半周波数)、扫描速度、送丝速度等电弧增材工艺参数对成形2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响规律。结果表明:通过改变EP/EN、扫描速度、送丝速度等参数调控热输入可影响气孔率;在热输入较低时,气孔以形核和长大为主,随热输入增加微气孔数量增多、尺寸增大;在热输入较高时,气孔逸出开始占优,随热输入增加微气孔数量减少;在热输入低至230.5或高至439.5 J/mm时,平均气孔率均可降低至0.2%以下。     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

不确定性系统鲁棒H∞/H2混合控制在航空发动机中的应用

将结构参数不确定性问题引入到参数化的一般 H∞ 控制器中 ,并考虑 H2 性能指标 ,提出了 1种被控系统中存在结构参数不确定性的混合 H∞ /H2 控制器的设计方法 ,给出了相应问题求解的充分必要条件 ,问题的解归结为求解 3个 Riccati方程。设计的控制器在某型双转子涡喷发动机气动热力学非线性模型上进行了仿真验证     

运输机总体参数和性能统计分析

 按照飞机设计的基本原理,通过对现有运输机总体参数和性能数据的统计分析,寻找现代运输机各个总体性能和性能参数之间存在的定量关系,得到了 1 6个经验公式和一些参数取值范围,为运输机概念设计提供了一些可用的数据。     

基于遗传算法的无人机协同侦察航路规划

无人机将成为侦察卫星、有人驾驶侦察机的重要补充与增强手段 ,成为未来战场上广泛应用的一种侦察工具。为了提高无人机 (UAV)的侦察效率 ,在执行侦察任务前必需规划设计出高效的无人机侦察飞行航路。针对这一问题 ,本文提出了一种侦察效率指标评估的计算方法 ,解决了航路规划中的侦察效率量化问题。考虑在大范围任务区域内进行侦察航路优化存在计算的复杂性和收敛性等问题 ,本文采用遗传算法对侦察航路进行了优化处理。通过该方法得到的侦察航路可以有效地提高无人机的侦察效率。     

火焰稳定器射流喷口形状对燃烧性能的影响

为了探讨层缘吹气式火焰稳定器的射流喷口形状对燃烧性能的影响，在来流50m/s，573K条件下，分别对连续长缝、不连续宽缝、均布圆孔三种不同喷口形状的火焰稳定器的燃烧性能进行了实验研究，对比了它们的贫熄特性、燃烧效率和流阻损失。研究发现，在实验条件范围内，连续长缝形喷口稳定器的燃烧性能较其他两种不连续喷口稳定器优越，具有较高的燃烧效率、较宽的贫熄边界和较小的流阻损失。     

相关系数在参数识别中的应用

 研究“在线”信号相关系数的应用,首先应解决利用“在线”信号相关系数迅速、准确地识别出模态参数。利用“在线”信号应满足以下要求:（1）不使用激振信息;（2）利用的振动信号要尽量短;（3）计算方法简单,满足实时处理要求;（4）抗干扰能力强。根据以上要求,利用振动信号的相关系数是合适的。但是,用这样少的信息识别振动系统的模态参数,其精发不如频率响应函数法高,但对于判断振动系统有无异常变化,其精度是足够的。     

确定威布尔分布三参数的相关系数优化法

 根据本文给出的确定威布尔分布三参数的相关系数优化法求得的威布尔三参数,能使试验数据在威布尔概率坐标纸上最大限度地呈现为线性关系。     

基于迭代学习控制的导弹PID控制器参数寻优

针对设计导弹PID控制器时存在的对比例、微分、积分3个控制参数大量盲目试凑的问题,利用迭代学习算法对控制参数进行自动寻优,最终得到最佳控制参数,从而实现了对PID控制器参数自动寻优的目的,简化了控制器的设计过程。通过仿真结果验证该方法在PID控制器参数自动寻优上是有效的,同时也为导弹控制器参数整定提供了工程适用的方法。     

基于Hamilton-Jacobi方程的编队飞行控制

 针对椭圆参考轨道的编队飞行控制系统,基于哈密尔顿 雅克比（Hamilton-Jacobi）方程,给出一种新的生成函数半解析近似解的计算方法,同时推导了编队飞行控制系统相对运动的线性状态转移矩阵,并且验证了模型的精度。在此基础上,结合一个具体的编队飞行任务,采用线性规划算法得到了队形保持的闭环控制器,该算法得到的是脉冲形式的控制序列,因此更具有实际意义。同时还提出了一种简单的避免生成函数奇异点的方法,从而减少了生成函数间相互转换所带来的计算量。最后的非线性仿真结果验证了控制方法的有效性。