导弹复合控制系统的模糊逻辑控制分配

针对空空导弹复合控制系统中的控制分配问题,提出了一种模糊逻辑控制分配算法。采用动态面控制方法设计了复合控制量的控制律。在设计过程中,利用扩张状态观测器估计汇总不确定项,并采用光滑二阶滑模控制算法设计了控制律,达到了提高鲁棒性和削弱抖振现象的目的。应用模糊逻辑控制分配算法将复合控制量分解为直接力控制指令和舵偏角控制指令。为了检验所设计的复合控制系统的控制效果,对采用基于模糊逻辑控制分配算法的复合控制系统和传统的气动力控制系统进行了对比仿真实验。仿真结果表明,所设计的复合控制系统具有更好的控制效果。     

高速热流下薄壁结构声振响应分析及寿命预估

现代飞行器飞行过程中发动机薄壁结构受高速热流冲击面临着极为严酷的工作环境,使结构产生大挠度动力学响应以及疲劳损伤破坏现象。为获取难以实测的热流冲击下结构声振响应规律及疲劳破坏时间,采用耦合有限元/边界元的方法进行数值模拟分析与热声疲劳试验相结合的方法,根据载荷效果构建与试验件尺寸完全一致的数值仿真模型,对热声载荷下薄壁结构进行仿真计算。采用功率谱密度（PSD）法分析频率响应峰值随声载荷变化规律,并通过改进的雨流计数法对声振响应数据进行统计分析,得到疲劳寿命时间。并对比声振响应仿真计算结果与试验结果发现误差小于2%,验证了数值仿真的可靠性。在此基础上,对高速热流冲击作用下薄壁结构进行数值仿真分析,通过分析频率响应峰值随温度和流速的变化规律获取不同温度各流速下结构声振响应及疲劳寿命变化规律,并阐述造成这种变化的原因。本文完成的工作可对高速热流环境下薄壁结构响应分析和寿命预估提供参考依据。     

ESO-based event-triggered attitude control of spacecraft with unknown actuator faults

An event-triggered control strategy based on extended state observer (ESO) is proposed for the attitude tracking problem of small plug-and-play spacecraft with uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults. A simplified controller is developed based on the angular velocity and the general disturbances estimated by the provided ESO using the information of the system inputs and the angular velocities. In the designed event-triggered sampling mechanism, a state-dependent event-triggered strategy determines the triggering instant of the controller to reduce the frequency of information transmission between the controller and the actuator. In comparison with the previous literature, this paper considers uncertain inertia parameters, external disturbances, and actuator faults as general disturbances estimated by ESO, especially for the actuator faults. The inputs of ESO are the error of the angular velocities, which can simplify the controller design. Moreover, the designed ESO can effectively attenuate the influence of measured noises generated by the gyroscopes. The proposed event-triggered policy balances the performance of event-triggering and the control stability performance, which reduces the final state convergence regions without increasing more triggering times compared to existing studies. Furthermore, the investigated policy achieves Zeno-free triggering. Numerical simulations verify theoretical results.     

变化姿态角下的相位变化率无源定位方法研究

无源定位技术有着广阔的应用前景。在现有单站无源定位方法的基础上 ,介绍了相位变化率定位法。该方法利用观测平台上两个相互正交的相位干涉仪接收目标辐射电磁波的相位获取目标的方向信息 ,利用对应的相位变化率获取目标的径向距离信息 ,从而实现对目标的实时高精度定位。提出了在空中观测平台发生飞行姿态变化情况下的定位求解思路 ,即利用姿态变化条件下的测量数据直接求出目标在姿态变化前的原始载机坐标系中的位置。文中给出了这一思路下相应的定位表达式并引入修正增益扩展卡尔曼 (MGEKF)算法对原始定位结果进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明 ,该方法是一种发展前途较好的单站无源定位方法     

六面体小微卫星散热面最优化设计

以散热面吸收外热流最小为目标函数,建立了基于六面体卫星的散热面最优化设计模型,并以某倾斜轨道六面体小微卫星为例、针对不同卫星热耗分别得出了最优化的散热面布局。计算结果表明:采用文章所述的最优化设计方法得到的散热面布局,可以有效降低由于卫星吸收外热流变化造成的整星温度的波动,可以为六面体卫星散热面的优化设计提供理论支持;进一步分析表明,不同热耗水平的卫星对应不同的最优化散热面布局。     

高超声速气动热辨识技术实验研究

为估计高超声速飞行中的气动热流,采用热流辨识技术研究了平板表面的气动热流。首先采用仿真数据对辨识方法进行验证,结果表明,在测量噪声较低时热流辨识结果误差较小。此后,开展了平板的高超声速气动热风洞实验,通过内埋热电偶测量平板内部温度,采用热流辨识法获得平板表面的气动热流,采用辅助测点对比验证了内埋测点辨识结果的可信度。最后将辨识结果与平板边界层热流理论估算结果进行对比,分析了两者产生误差的原因。本文的研究为热流辨识技术的实际应用奠定了基础。     

Composite control method for stabilizing spacecraft attitude in terms of Rodrigues parameters

In this paper, the attitude stabilization problem of a rigid spacecraft described by Rodrigues parameters is investigated via a composite control strategy, which combines a feedback control law designed by a finite time control technique with a feedforward compensator based on a linear disturbance observer (DOB) method. By choosing a suitable coordinate transformation, the spacecraft dynamics can be divided into three second-order subsystems. Each subsystem includes a certain part and an uncertain part. By using the finite time control technique, a continuous finite time controller is designed for the certain part. The uncertain part is considered to be a lumped disturbance, which is estimated by a DOB, and a corresponding feedforward design is then implemented to compensate the disturbance. Simulation results are employed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

SST二方程湍流模型在高超声速绕流中的可压缩修正

为模拟高速可压缩湍流问题,对剪应力输运（SST）湍流模型进行了可压缩修正。数值格式采用改进的总变差减小（TVD）格式,并对湍流模型的负值强制项进行了隠式处理。在此基础上计算了绕平板以及基本无分离和具有分离流动结构的压缩拐角的高超声速流动。计算结果和实验数据及半经验公式的对比表明：SST湍流模型的可压缩影响项为密度加权脉动速度的平均与压力梯度的标量乘积。经可压缩修正后的SST湍流模型与原模型及其它可压缩修正模型相比,所计算的壁面压力、摩擦阻力和壁面热流分布具有更高的精度。     

基于增广观测器的非线性系统执行器故障诊断

针对一类满足李普希茨条件的非线性系统,提出了一种新的执行器故障诊断方法。将执行器故障作为增广状态向量的一部分构造一个增广系统,然后利用线性矩阵不等式方法设计一个增广状态观测器,能够同时获得原系统的状态和执行器故障的渐近估计。利用李亚普诺夫理论分析了增广状态观测器的稳定性和收敛性。最后,将所提出的方法用于卫星姿态控制系统执行器的故障诊断,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Self-similar flow of a rotating dusty gas behind the shock wave with increasing energy, conduction and radiation heat flux

A self-similar solution is obtained for one dimensional adiabatic flow behind a cylindrical shock wave propagating in a rotating dusty gas in presence of heat conduction and radiation heat flux with increasing energy. The dusty gas is assumed to be a mixture of non-ideal (or perfect) gas and small solid particles, in which solid particles are continuously distributed. It is assumed that the equilibrium flow-condition is maintained and variable energy input is continuously supplied by the piston (or inner expanding surface). The heat conduction is expressed in terms of Fourier’s law and the radiation is considered to be of the diffusion type for an optically thick grey gas model. The thermal conductivity K and the absorption coefficient α_R are assumed to vary with temperature only. In order to obtain the similarity solutions the initial density of the ambient medium is assumed to be constant and the angular velocity of the ambient medium is assumed to be decreasing as the distance from the axis increases. The effects of the variation of the heat transfer parameters and non-idealness of the gas in the mixture are investigated. The effects of an increase in (i) the mass concentration of solid particles in the mixture and (ii) the ratio of the density of solid particles to the initial density of the gas on the flow variables are also investigated.