Solar cycle effect on temporal and spatial variation of topside ion density measured by SROSS C2 and ROCSAT 1 over the Indian longitude sector

We investigated the diurnal, seasonal and latitudinal variations of ion density Ni over the Indian low and equatorial topside ionosphere within 17.5°S to 17.5°N magnetic latitudes by combining the data from SROSS C2 and ROCSAT 1 for the 9 year period from 1995 to 2003 during solar cycle 23. The diurnal maximum density is found in the local noon or in the afternoon hours and the minimum occurs in the pre sunrise hours. The density is higher during the equinoxes as compared to that in the June and December solstice. The local time spread of the daytime maximum ion density increases with increase in solar activity. A north south asymmetry with higher ion density over northern hemisphere in the June solstice and over southern hemisphere in December solstice has been observed in moderate and high solar activity years. The crest to crest distance increases with increase in solar flux. Ion density bears a nonlinear relationship with F_10.7 cm solar flux and EUV flux in general. The density increases linearly with solar flux up to ∼150 sfu (1 sfu = 10⁻²²Wm⁻²Hz⁻¹) and EUV flux up to ∼50 units (10⁹ photons cm⁻² s⁻¹). But beyond this the density saturates. Inverse saturation and linear relationship have been observed in some season or latitude also. Inter-comparison of the three solar activity indices F_10.7 cm flux, EUV flux and F_10.7P (= (F_10.7 + F_10.7A)/2, where F_10.7A is the 81 day running average value of F_10.7) shows that the ion density correlates better with F_10.7P and F_10.7 cm fluxes. The annual average daytime total ion density from 1995 to 2003 follows a hysteresis loop as the solar cycle reverses. The ion density at 500 km over the Indian longitude sector as obtained by the international reference ionosphere is in general lower than the measured densities during moderate and high solar activity years. In low solar activity years the model densities are equal or higher than measured densities. The IRI EIA peaks are symmetric (±10°) in equinox while densities are higher at 10°N in June solstice and at 10°S in the December solstice. The model density follows F_10.7 linearly up to about F_10.7 > ∼150 sfu and then saturates.     

Time variations of cosmic-ray helium isotopes with BESS-Polar I

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) is configured with a solenoidal superconducting magnet and a suite of precision particle detectors, including time-of-flight hodoscopes based on plastic scintillators, a silica-aerogel Cherenkov detector, and a high resolution tracking system with a central jet-type drift chamber. The charges of incident particles are determined from energy losses in the scintillators. Their magnetic rigidities (momentum/charge) are measured by reconstructing each particle trajectory in the magnetic field, and their velocities are obtained by using the time-of-flight system. Together, these measurements can accurately identify helium isotopes among the incoming cosmic-ray helium nuclei up to energies in the GeV per nucleon region. The BESS-Polar I instrument flew for 8.5 days over Antarctica from December 13th to December 21st, 2004. Its long-duration flight and large geometric acceptance allow the time variations of isotopic fluxes to be studied for the first time. The time variations of helium isotope fluxes are presented here for rigidities from 1.2 to 2.5 GV and results are compared to previously reported proton data and neutron monitor data.     

倾斜轨道卫星活动天线热控特点分析

对某低轨倾斜圆轨道卫星的外热流环境进行了分析。用蒙特卡罗法计算了卫星六个表面的外热流。研究了该轨道条件下舱外活动天线热控特点,提出了该类卫星活动天线的热控设计原则和初步方案。     

Drought prediction using the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR2) on board ERS2 satellite

Frequent monitoring and estimation of the areas under drought danger is important for agriculture, hydrology, weather, natural hazards and crop yield prediction.     

耐候钢活性MAG 焊接接头组织及冲击断口特征

针对焊枪可达性差等难熔合焊接结构,提出了活性熔化极气体保护焊焊接新方法。该方法可增加焊接熔深,改善难熔焊接结构的熔合不良,获得高质量的焊接接头。采用活性熔化极气体保护焊接对耐候钢进行了工艺试验,对焊接接头组织、冲击韧性及断口形貌进行分析。结果表明,相对熔化极气体保护焊,活性熔化极气体保护焊在同等焊接热输入下熔深显著增加,焊缝表面及焊接接头内部质量高,接头组织更为细化,过热区析出碳化物相也更加细小弥散,冲击韧性提高,冲击断口韧性特征更明显。     

基于薄膜热电堆的新型高温瞬态热流密度传感器的研制

目前针对国内薄膜瞬态热流传感器一致性较差、制备工艺不成熟等问题，提出了一种基于光刻工艺和离子束溅射镀膜工艺的制备方法，200对T型金属薄膜热电偶沉积在10mm×10mm的水冷块上，测量1μm的氧化铝热阻层温差，从而得到瞬态热流密度值。对新型高温瞬态热流密度传感器进行比对法标定，一致性误差为0.211%，即工艺的一致性约为99.79%。实验表明，研制的新型高温瞬态热流密度传感器的一致性好,制备工艺具备良好重复性和可移植性，能够满足高温瞬态热流检测需要，为热流传感器的推广应用及标准化、批量化生产提供了良好的技术支撑。     

X射线辐照圆柱壳体产生的汽化反冲

暴露在x射线辐射场中的圆柱壳体,在吸收了大量的辐射能后其表层汽化。由于表层的汽化物质快速飞散,圆柱壳体将受到冲击载荷的作用。本文用气体动力学方法提出了计算作用在圆柱壳体上汽化反冲压力及冲量的理论模型。     

用混合网格模拟绕X-38粘性流动

采用混合网格，利用DLR所发展的计算软件TAU对X-38高超声速粘性绕流进行了数值计算，网格自适应技术被用来生成有效的计算网格及提高对流场细节的分辨率。计算结果与现有的实验结果和用结构网格得到的结果吻合很好。     

大型柔性空间结构的状态估计及变结构控制

本文研究大型柔性空间结构作单轴大角度操纵时的状态估计及变结构控制方法。所建立指数律的状态观测器,实现了以较少传感器估计系统弹性振动模态的目的。利用状态观测器的状态及系统输出变量反馈方法,设计了大型空间结构的动态输出变结构控制律。针对一个实际模型仿真计算,得到了满意的结果。     

镜反射凹面及相互可视表面的轨道外热流计算

通过对空间表面所受外热流以及镜反射表面所具有的特性的分析，提出了采用蒙特卡罗法计算镜反射凹面及镜反射相互可视表面的轨道热流的方法，并对半球凹面和两相互垂直可视平板的轨道热流进行了计算。