罗茨鼓风机内部气流脉动的非定常数值分析

运用计算流体动力学方法对渐开线三叶罗茨鼓风机排气过程中的脉动进行了可压缩非定常流动的数值模拟, 在动静耦合区域采用了非一致网格界面, 用动网格方法实现了排气区域流场的容积变化, 通过将数值模拟结果与半经验理论公式计算结果的对比分析, 探讨了运转周期内气流脉动的分布特性和对排气流量的影响.      

LES of film cooling for different jet fluids

The present paper investigates the impact of the velocity and density ratio on the turbulent mixing process in gas turbine blade film cooling.A cooling fluid is injected from an inclined pipe at α=30° into a turbulent boundary layer profile at a freestream Reynolds number of Re∞=400000.This jet-in-a-crossflow(JICF) problem is investigated using large-eddy simulations(LES).The governing equations comprise the Navier-Stokes equations plus additional transport equations for several species to simulate a non-reacting gas mixture.A variation of the density ratio is simulated by the heat-mass transfer analogy,i.e.,gases of different density are effused into an an air crossflow at a constant temperature.An efficient large-eddy simulation method for low subsonic flows based on an implicit dual time-stepping scheme combined with low Mach number preconditioning is applied.The numerical results and experimental velocity data measured using two-component particle-image velocimetry (PIV) are in excellent agreement.The results show the dynamics of the flow field in the vicinity of the jet hole,i.e.,the recirculation region and the inclination of the shear layers,to be mainly determined by the velocity ratio.However,evaluating the cooling efficiency downstream of the jet hole the mass flux ratio proves to be the dominant similarity parameter,i.e.,the density ratio between the fluids and the velocity ratio have to be considered.      

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.     

高超声速下表面凸起干扰气动热实验研究

 对高超声速飞行器表面凸起附近的气流流动和气动加热开展了实验研究和分析。实验在高超声速炮风洞中进行,来流马赫数为8.2、单位雷诺数为9.35×10⁶ m^-1。利用薄膜传热测量方法进行了凸起几何形状和边界层状态对干扰流动加热的影响评估。利用流油图谱和纹影摄像法得到了凸起周围的流动特征:若凸起上游边界层未分离,最大峰值热流发生在凸起侧方附近处;若凸起上游边界层完全分离,最大峰值热流通常发生在凸起的上游表面。实验发现最大峰值热流和来流边界层状态关系不大,原因是流动干扰区表现出较强的三维扰动特性,使得来流层流边界层在干扰区内会转变成过渡甚至完全湍流状态。     

进气温度和当量比对脉冲爆轰发动机工作过程影响

为了研究进气温度和当量比对脉冲爆轰发动机工作过程的影响,建立了带简单化学反应的气液两相爆轰欧拉-拉格朗日模型,使用二维时空守恒元与求解元(CE/SE)方法和变步长4阶龙格-库塔法分别求解气液两相爆轰方程.计算结果表明:提高进气温度,能加速液滴雾化、蒸发,缩短燃烧转爆轰距离和时间,但是会降低爆轰波的峰值压力;当量比小于1.1时,增加当量比,能缩短燃烧转爆轰距离和时间,提高爆轰波的峰值压力,加快爆轰波传播速度;当量比大于等于1.1时,增加当量比,能小幅提高爆轰波速传播度和缩短燃烧转爆轰距离和时间,但对爆轰波的峰值压力影响很小.      

热流测量中参数估计法的应用

讨论了在不同工况下热流计的动态特性和利用递归最小二乘方法通过参数估计实现热流计的动态测量。该方法可缩短热流测量的时间,并有较高的精确度。     

轻型直升机起落架的载荷分析与设计

轻型直升机的滑橇式起落架结构简单,有着广泛的实际应用。本文针对某项目直升机的设计需要,用机械能守恒定律和材料力学的方法对该型起落架的着陆载荷做出定量分析,并校核了起落架的垂直过载和强度。     

高温气体效应对高超声速磁流体控制的影响

高温气体效应会严重影响高温气体流场的流动特性,进而影响高超声速磁流体控制效率。基于低磁雷诺数假设,通过耦合求解带电磁源项的三维Navier-Stokes流场控制方程和电场泊松方程,开展完全气体模型、平衡气体模型、化学非平衡气体模型、热化学非平衡气体模型等条件下的高超声速磁流体控制数值模拟,分析气体模型对磁流体控制的影响,研究高温气体各种非平衡效应及焦耳热振动能量配比等对高超声速磁流体控制的影响规律。研究表明：化学非平衡效应对高超声速磁流体控制影响显著,采用化学非平衡气体模型模拟得到的磁控增阻特性介于完全气体模型和平衡气体模型之间,平衡气体和完全气体模型磁控热流变化的定性规律,与非平衡气体模型模拟结果差异很大;热力学非平衡效应对高超声速磁流体控制的影响,与焦耳热振动能量作用比率紧密相关,随该配比增大,磁场增阻效果由67%降到约12%;高温气体效应会极大地降低磁控增阻效果,会明显地增强部分表面区域的磁控热流减缓效果,要准确数值模拟高超声速磁流体控制,必须有效地考虑化学和热力学非平衡效应,同时选用接近实际情况的焦耳热振动能量配比。     

月球坑内空间环境热流的分布研究

文章推导获得了月面阳光矢量和月球坑内探测器表面关系的表达式,采用蒙特卡罗法数值计算探测器各表面的辐射热流,分析了月球坑内环境辐射热流的分布特征。讨论了月面纬度、月球坑尺寸、月面发射率等参数对探测器表面热流的影响。计算表明:月面纬度增加及月球坑坑口半径的减小均会导致某些时刻阳光无法照射到坑底,从而与其他工况有较大的计算差别,两参数对探测器各面热流的影响规律不同;月面发射率对探测器表面热流的影响作用较大,增加月面发射率能明显降低探测器某些表面的辐射热流。     

Z-源稀疏矩阵变换器励磁的双馈风力发电系统

针对矩阵变换器电压传输比低和其励磁的双馈风力发电系统(DFIG)易受非正常输入波动影响的不足,提出了一种适用于DFIG励磁的Z-源稀疏矩阵变换器系统。利用Z-源的升压特性来提高电压传输比,检测电容电压实现对直通因子的自动调节,从而实现对网侧波动的自动抑制。建立了系统数学模型,推导了DFIG系统定子磁场定向矢量控制策略表达式,搭建试验样机对所提方案进行试验验证,在亚同步、同步、超同步三种发电状态下的波形和并网试验结果验证了方案的可行和有效性。